本文選題：暴雨強度公式 + SWMM模型　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近幾年,隨著我國城市化進程的加快以及全球氣候的變化,造成城市極端內(nèi)澇災(zāi)害頻繁發(fā)生,如此頻繁嚴重的城市內(nèi)澇災(zāi)害對人民群眾的生命安全和社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展都造成了巨大影響。雨水蓄水池作為一種低影響開發(fā)設(shè)施可以有效地削減洪峰流量,降低城市內(nèi)澇風(fēng)險。目前,國內(nèi)外的研究主要集中在雨水蓄水池控制非點源污染及其設(shè)計方法上,本文從排水管網(wǎng)水力模型的角度,基于水池造價和城市內(nèi)澇風(fēng)險的考量,研究雨水蓄水池的優(yōu)化選址和優(yōu)化設(shè)計問題,本文的主要研究內(nèi)容可分為3個部分。首先,本文進行了排水管網(wǎng)建模的研究。本文對排水管網(wǎng)模型理論進行了介紹,重點對SWMM模型的基本原理進行了研究。作為排水管網(wǎng)模型的重要輸入?yún)?shù)——暴雨強度公式,對其推求方法進行了相關(guān)研究,進行了基于不同適線準則的頻率分布曲線調(diào)整研究,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)基于降雨強度殘差平法和最小的適線準則可以取得很好的適線效果;基于一種改進高斯-牛頓法進行了暴雨強度公式參數(shù)求解研究,并與粒子群優(yōu)化算法(PSO)和實數(shù)編碼遺傳優(yōu)化算法(RCGA)進行了對比,研究結(jié)果表明該方法具有較高的求解精度。本文以所推求的暴雨強度公式為基礎(chǔ),應(yīng)用SWMM軟件建立了W市某排水區(qū)的排水管網(wǎng)水力模型。其次,本文進行了多目標進化算法NSGA-II的研究�；谥鲝氖侥Ｐ�,提出了一種并行NSGA-II算法,并通過基本多目標優(yōu)化問題對該算法進行了相關(guān)測試,測試結(jié)果表明該算法是一種快速、有效的算法。最后,本文進行了雨水蓄水池優(yōu)化研究�；赟WMM模型和優(yōu)化問題,開發(fā)了11個外部接口函數(shù),擴展了SWMM的API函數(shù)。以水池的位置和設(shè)計參數(shù)為決策變量,水池造價、溢流總量以及溢流節(jié)點總數(shù)為目標函數(shù)建立了雨水蓄水池多目標優(yōu)化模型,并利用并行NSGA-II算法對所建立的優(yōu)化模型進行了求解。優(yōu)化結(jié)果表明最優(yōu)解的空間分布(雨水蓄水池位置)與城市內(nèi)澇點的空間分布基本吻合;同時,位于不同位置的解對兩個水力目標的干擾的效果,從上游到下游呈現(xiàn)明顯的過渡規(guī)律,位置位于中上游的解對于降低溢流節(jié)點總數(shù)更有優(yōu)勢,而位置位于下游的解對降低溢流總量更有優(yōu)勢。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization and the change of global climate in China, extreme waterlogging disasters occur frequently in cities. The frequent and serious urban waterlogging disaster has a great impact on the safety of people's lives and the development of social economy. As a low impact development facility, Rain Water reservoir can effectively reduce the flow of Hong Feng and reduce the risk of urban waterlogging. At present, the research at home and abroad is mainly focused on the control of non-point source pollution by Rain Water reservoir and its design method. From the point of view of hydraulic model of drainage pipe network, based on the consideration of pool cost and urban waterlogging risk, In this paper, the optimal location and design of Rain Water reservoir are studied. The main contents of this paper can be divided into three parts. Firstly, the modeling of drainage pipe network is studied in this paper. In this paper, the theory of drainage pipe network model is introduced, and the basic principle of SWMM model is studied. As an important input parameter of drainage pipe network model, the torrential rain intensity formula is studied, and the frequency distribution curve adjustment based on different line fitting criteria is studied. It is found that the rain-intensity residual leveling method and the minimum line fitting criterion can obtain good alignment effect, and the parameters of rainstorm intensity formula are solved based on an improved Gao Si Newton method. Compared with particle swarm optimization (PSO) and real-coded genetic optimization (RCGA), the results show that the proposed method has high accuracy. Based on the derived formula of rainstorm intensity, the hydraulic model of drainage pipe network in a drainage area of W city is established by using SWMM software. Secondly, this paper studies the multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (NSGA-II). Based on the master-slave model, a parallel NSGA-II algorithm is proposed, and the algorithm is tested by the basic multi-objective optimization problem. The test results show that the algorithm is a fast and effective algorithm. Finally, the optimization of Rain Water reservoir is studied. Based on SWMM model and optimization problem, 11 external interface functions are developed, and the API function of SWMM is extended. Taking the position and design parameters of the pool as the decision variables, the cost of the pool, the total amount of overflow and the total number of overflow nodes as objective functions, the multi-objective optimization model of Rain Water reservoir is established. The optimization model is solved by parallel NSGA-II algorithm. The optimization results show that the spatial distribution of the optimal solution (the location of the Rain Water reservoir) is basically consistent with the spatial distribution of the urban waterlogging point, and at the same time, the interference effect of the solution at different locations on the two hydraulic targets is obtained. The solution located in the upper and upper reaches has more advantages in reducing the total number of overflow nodes, while the solution located in the downstream has more advantages in reducing the total overflow volume.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU992.1

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