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  本文選題：顆粒物 + 穿透率�。� 參考：《北方工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：霧霾中含有的PM2.5顆�？梢员容^容易地通過呼吸系統(tǒng)進(jìn)入肺部,并經(jīng)過肺泡滲透進(jìn)入血液,因此對人體健康會產(chǎn)生很大影響。而室內(nèi)空氣中PM2.5顆粒的主要來源是通過門、窗、墻體的縫隙滲透進(jìn)入室內(nèi)的空氣所含的污染物。因此研究室外空氣所含污染物進(jìn)入室內(nèi)的滲透規(guī)律具有重要意義。本文針對污染物通過縫隙滲透的過程,首先在實驗方面對其滲透性能進(jìn)行了測試,其次應(yīng)用理論方法對污染物滲透進(jìn)入室內(nèi)的主要影響因素進(jìn)行了分析,最后根據(jù)上述研究成果應(yīng)用數(shù)值模擬的方法對實際污染物滲透進(jìn)入室內(nèi)的滲透量進(jìn)行了計算。本文的研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)果如下：(1)本文搭建了測試顆粒物滲透特性的實驗臺,并研究了壓差、縫隙高度、縫隙內(nèi)表面粗糙度以及顆粒物粒徑等四個因素對穿透率的影響規(guī)律。實驗時顆粒物濃度控制在150～30mμg/m3之間,粗糙度控制在0～20.5μm,壓差控制在4～10Pa,縫隙高度控制在0.3～1mm。實驗結(jié)果表明,顆粒物滲透率的大小集中于0.55～1之間。(2)數(shù)據(jù)分析表明顆粒物粒徑的大小對穿透率的實驗偏差有影響。顆粒物粒徑變大時,實驗偏差也隨之變大。滲透率與壓差呈線性正比,即滲透率隨著壓差變大而變大,兩者間相關(guān)系數(shù)r一般大于0.7。除此之外,滲透率與粒徑的大小呈反比,即隨著粒徑增大穿透率變小。與壓差和粒徑相比,縫隙高度和表面粗糙度對滲透率的影響相對較小。(3)根據(jù)改變單一變量的方法來推導(dǎo)室內(nèi)外濃度變化的關(guān)系,得到室內(nèi)外濃度平衡時間的計算公式以及推算室內(nèi)顆粒物最小凈化風(fēng)量的計算公式�；谏鲜鲅芯砍晒�,本文應(yīng)用數(shù)值模擬的方法,分析了顆粒物通過門窗縫隙進(jìn)入室內(nèi)的滲透量。模擬時考慮了四種工況,分別為：低風(fēng)速、中等霧霾工況,低風(fēng)速、低霧霾工況,中等風(fēng)速、中等霧霾工況和高風(fēng)速、高霧霾工況。研究結(jié)果表明：室外顆粒物的濃度對室內(nèi)污染物濃度增長的速度起主要作用。通過計算可知,當(dāng)室外出現(xiàn)霧霾時,室內(nèi)顆粒物濃度在2-3小時內(nèi)與室外濃度達(dá)到平衡,即室內(nèi)顆粒物濃度變化存在延時效應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:The PM2.5 particles contained in haze can easily enter the lungs through the respiratory system and infiltrate into the blood through the alveoli, which will have a great impact on human health. However, the main source of PM2.5 particles in indoor air is the pollutants contained in the air through the cracks of doors, windows and walls. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the permeation law of indoor pollutants in outdoor air. In this paper, the permeation performance of pollutants through the gap is tested in the experiment, and the main factors influencing the permeation of pollutants into the room are analyzed by using the theory and method. Finally, based on the above research results, the infiltration amount of actual pollutants into the room is calculated by numerical simulation method. The main contents and results of this paper are as follows: (1) in this paper, an experimental bench is set up to test the permeability of particulate matter, and the influence of four factors, such as pressure difference, gap height, inner surface roughness and particle size, on the penetration rate is studied. In the experiment, the concentration of particulate matter was controlled in the range of 150 ~ 30m 渭 g/m3, the roughness was controlled at 0 ~ 20.5 渭 m, the pressure difference was controlled at 4 ~ 10 Pa, and the height of the gap was controlled at 0.3 ~ (-1) mm. The experimental results show that the particle permeability is concentrated in the range of 0.55 ~ (-1). The data analysis shows that the particle size has an effect on the experimental deviation of the penetration rate. When the particle size becomes larger, the experimental deviation also increases. The permeability is proportional to the pressure difference, that is, the permeability increases with the pressure difference, and the correlation coefficient r between them is generally greater than 0.7. In addition, the permeability is inversely proportional to the particle size, that is, the penetration becomes smaller with the increase of the particle size. Compared with pressure difference and particle size, the effect of gap height and surface roughness on permeability is relatively small. The formula for calculating the equilibrium time of indoor and outdoor concentration and the formula for calculating the minimum purifying air volume of indoor particulate matter were obtained. Based on the above research results, the permeation of particulate matter through the gap between doors and windows was analyzed by numerical simulation. Four conditions were considered in the simulation, namely: low wind speed, medium haze condition, low wind speed, low haze condition, moderate wind speed, moderate haze condition, high wind speed and high haze condition. The results show that the concentration of outdoor particles plays a major role in the growth rate of indoor pollutant concentration. The results showed that when haze appeared outside, the indoor particulate concentration was balanced with outdoor concentration within 2-3 hours, that is, the change of indoor particulate concentration had a delay effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北方工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TU834.8

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本文編號：1910009