本文選題：城市供水管網(wǎng) + 漏損量化��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：漏損是城市地下供水管網(wǎng)面臨的普遍現(xiàn)象,且城市漏損率呈上升趨勢(shì),遠(yuǎn)超過供水行業(yè)的指標(biāo)要求。漏損量及漏損率是衡量供水管網(wǎng)運(yùn)行狀況好壞的重要指標(biāo),由于城市地下供水管網(wǎng)復(fù)雜、擴(kuò)建速度快、漏損不可視化及供水行業(yè)管理水平限制等原因,漏損量難以準(zhǔn)確計(jì)算。國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有的供水管網(wǎng)漏損量化方法有水平衡法、夜間最小流量法、漏損預(yù)測(cè)法、盲源分離及卡爾曼濾波法,前三種不可避免的加入了估算項(xiàng),在進(jìn)行控漏前不能很好的計(jì)算區(qū)域漏損程度,只能估計(jì)每月、每日漏損總量,難以得到實(shí)時(shí)漏損量數(shù)值;后兩種方法利用信號(hào)處理方法進(jìn)行供水管網(wǎng)漏損量化取得了較大的成功,但應(yīng)用并不成熟。量化城市供水管網(wǎng)漏損,計(jì)算區(qū)域漏損率為管網(wǎng)控漏提供依據(jù),預(yù)測(cè)管網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)控漏水平,模擬潛在效益;供水管網(wǎng)漏損得到量化,根據(jù)供水管網(wǎng)代表性節(jié)點(diǎn)的壓力值,擬合壓力漏損模型,指導(dǎo)區(qū)域進(jìn)行壓力控漏,建立控漏模式方案;量化城市供水管網(wǎng)漏損,可以改變供水管網(wǎng)漏損現(xiàn)狀、節(jié)約水資源、提高供水效益。因此,研究供水管網(wǎng)漏損量化方法具有很大的實(shí)際意義。本文在算例管網(wǎng)、實(shí)驗(yàn)室管網(wǎng)采集的入口流量信號(hào)、入口壓力信號(hào)及管網(wǎng)平均壓力基礎(chǔ)上,利用盲源分離和小波變換進(jìn)行漏損量化對(duì)比研究。本課題的主要內(nèi)容包括以下幾個(gè)方面:1.利用EPANET建立數(shù)值模擬算例,建立漏損控制實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),設(shè)計(jì)管網(wǎng)典型供水方案,模擬不同工作狀態(tài)、不同漏損數(shù)目和位置的漏損情況,采集管網(wǎng)流量和壓力信號(hào),為供水管網(wǎng)漏損量化提供數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ);2.介紹盲源分離理論,建立盲源分離漏損量化模型,針對(duì)盲源分離幅值不確定性問題提出利用流量平衡解超定方程組解決;將小波變換方法首次應(yīng)用到供水管網(wǎng)漏損量的計(jì)算中,建立小波變換漏損量化模型,利用相關(guān)系數(shù)選擇數(shù)值模擬算例流量信號(hào)、實(shí)驗(yàn)室流量信號(hào)小波函數(shù)和分解層數(shù)的最佳組合,編寫小波變換漏損量化程序;從理論適用性、計(jì)算漏損量精度、效果方面分析比較兩種方法;3.利用盲源分離和小波變換計(jì)算算例管網(wǎng)、實(shí)驗(yàn)室管網(wǎng)在典型實(shí)驗(yàn)方案下的漏損量,擬合小波模擬漏損量、盲源分離漏損量與管網(wǎng)平均壓力關(guān)系;比較分析兩種方法量化漏損效果及壓力漏損擬合效果,最終得出小波變換漏損量化效果總體優(yōu)于盲源分離。
[Abstract]:Leakage is a common phenomenon in urban underground water supply networks, and the leakage rate of cities is on the rise, which far exceeds the requirements of water supply industry. Leakage loss and leakage rate are important indexes to measure the running condition of water supply network. Due to the complexity of urban underground water supply network, the rapid expansion speed, the unvisualization of leakage loss and the limitation of water supply industry management level, it is difficult to calculate the leakage amount accurately. The existing quantitative methods of leakage loss in water supply networks at home and abroad include water balance method, nocturnal minimum flow method, leakage prediction method, blind source separation method and Kalman filter method. The leakage degree of the area can not be calculated well before the leakage control is carried out, and the total amount of leakage loss can only be estimated every month and every day, so it is difficult to obtain the real time leakage amount value. The latter two methods have achieved great success in quantifying the leakage of water supply network by using signal processing method, but their application is not mature. Quantifying the leakage of the urban water supply network, calculating the leakage rate of the region to provide the basis for the pipe network to control the leakage, predicting the economic level of the pipe network controlling the leakage, simulating the potential benefit, quantifying the leakage of the water supply network, according to the pressure value of the representative node of the water supply network, Fitting the pressure leakage model, guiding the area to control the leakage, establishing the leakage control mode scheme, quantifying the leakage loss of the urban water supply network, can change the current situation of the leakage of the water supply network, save water resources, and improve the efficiency of water supply. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the quantitative method of leakage loss in water supply network. In this paper, on the basis of the inlet flow signal, the inlet pressure signal and the average pressure of the pipe network collected by the pipe network and laboratory pipe network, a comparative study on leakage quantification is carried out by using blind source separation and wavelet transform. The main contents of this subject include the following aspects: 1. A numerical simulation example is established by using EPANET, an experimental platform for leakage control is established, a typical water supply scheme of pipe network is designed, the leakage situation of different working state, different leakage loss number and position is simulated, and the flow and pressure signals of the pipe network are collected. For the water supply network leakage quantification provides the data basis. This paper introduces the theory of blind source separation, establishes the quantization model of blind source separation leakage, and proposes to solve the problem of uncertainty of blind source separation amplitude by using flow balance solution to overdetermined equations, and applies wavelet transform method to the calculation of leakage amount in water supply network for the first time. The leakage quantization model of wavelet transform is established, and the optimal combination of wavelet function and decomposition layer number of flow signal, laboratory flow signal and decomposition layer is selected by using correlation coefficient. Analysis and comparison of two methods in calculating the accuracy and effect of leakage loss. By using blind source separation and wavelet transform to calculate the pipe network, the leakage amount of laboratory pipe network under typical experimental scheme is simulated by wavelet, and the relationship between the leakage amount of blind source separation and the average pressure of pipe network is obtained. By comparing and analyzing the two methods to quantify the leakage loss effect and the pressure leakage fitting effect, it is concluded that the wavelet transform leakage quantization effect is better than that of blind source separation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU991.33

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本文編號(hào)：1820298