本文選題：風環(huán)境 + 布局形式�。� 參考：《長安大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著城市規(guī)模的不斷擴展和科學(xué)技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,各種體型復(fù)雜,布局多樣、規(guī)模龐大的住宅小區(qū)開始大量興建,與此同時建筑群風熱環(huán)境的問題也日益突出了。而城市住宅小區(qū)的污染物擴散、自然通風效率、熱量的消散、建筑表面風壓、人行高度的風舒適性和安全性均與其內(nèi)部的風環(huán)境狀況密切相關(guān),由此也引發(fā)了人們對住宅小區(qū)室外風環(huán)境的普遍關(guān)注。如何為住宅小區(qū)內(nèi)營造良好的室外風環(huán)境,為住戶提供安全、健康、舒適、節(jié)能的室外風環(huán)境成為當今課題研究的熱點。影響室外風環(huán)境的因素很多,比如建筑群的布局形式、建筑物的幾何尺寸、不同地區(qū)的風向與地貌條件等,但是對于任何一個城市來說,地貌條件和風向風速是無法改變的,但是建筑的布局形式、建筑尺寸確是可以改變的,因此合理的建筑布局和建筑尺寸不但對營造良好的風環(huán)境起著很大的作用,而且也是研究小區(qū)風環(huán)境的重要參數(shù)。本文主要從建筑布局和建筑物尺寸的角度研究西安市住宅小區(qū)室外風環(huán)境。對于住宅小區(qū)室外人行高度處風環(huán)境的研究最常用的有三種方法:實地觀測、風洞試驗和計算機數(shù)值模擬。但相對于其它兩種方法來說,計算機數(shù)值模擬有著造價低,周期短,而且可以形象、直觀地展示模擬結(jié)果等優(yōu)點,因而得到廣泛應(yīng)用。本文主要采用Phonics軟件對西安市住宅小區(qū)室外人行高度處風環(huán)境進行數(shù)值模擬研究。本文通過總結(jié)簡化西安市住宅小區(qū)的不同布局形式,得到四種符合實際建筑布局模型,即行列式、斜列式、錯列式和混合式。首先根據(jù)西安市的氣象參數(shù),研究了四種典型布局分別在朝向為N、WN、EN時的室外風環(huán)境情況,討論了一下不同的建筑朝向?qū)ψ≌^(qū)風環(huán)境的影響。然后針對這四種典型的住宅小區(qū)在朝向為N時的布局形式,采用Phonics軟件建立48種不同幾何參數(shù)的數(shù)值模型,對其風環(huán)境進行數(shù)值模擬,研究不同參數(shù)對典型住宅小區(qū)風環(huán)境的影響。論文最后通過分析模擬結(jié)果,獲得建筑布局方式對住宅小區(qū)室外人行高度處風環(huán)境影響的一些結(jié)論,能夠預(yù)報小區(qū)或一個建筑物建成后其周邊風環(huán)境的情況,對城市建設(shè)和小區(qū)的前期布局規(guī)劃提供了一定的理論基礎(chǔ)和參考價值,避免由于盲目性建設(shè)給小區(qū)環(huán)境帶來的不利影響。
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of urban scale and the rapid development of science and technology, various types of complex, diverse layout, large-scale residential areas began to build a large number of, at the same time, the building group wind and heat environment problems are increasingly prominent. However, the pollutant diffusion, natural ventilation efficiency, heat dissipation, wind pressure on the building surface, wind comfort and safety of pedestrian height are all closely related to the wind environment. Therefore, people pay more attention to the outdoor wind environment of residential district. How to create a good outdoor wind environment and provide safe, healthy, comfortable and energy saving outdoor wind environment has become a hot topic. There are many factors that affect the outdoor wind environment, such as the layout of buildings, the geometric dimensions of buildings, the wind direction and geomorphological conditions in different regions, etc. But for any city, the geomorphological conditions and wind direction and wind speed cannot be changed. However, the layout and size of buildings can be changed, so reasonable layout and size not only play a great role in creating a good wind environment, but also an important parameter to study the wind environment in residential areas. In this paper, the outdoor wind environment of Xi'an residential district is studied from the view of architectural layout and building size. There are three most commonly used methods to study the wind environment of outdoor pedestrian height in residential district: field observation wind tunnel test and computer numerical simulation. But compared with the other two methods, computer numerical simulation has many advantages, such as low cost, short period, visual display of simulation results and so on, so it is widely used. In this paper, Phonics software is used to simulate the wind environment of outdoor pedestrian height in Xi'an residential district. By summing up the different layout forms of Xi'an residential district, four kinds of building layout models are obtained, namely determinant, oblique, staggered and mixed. Firstly, according to the meteorological parameters of Xi'an, the outdoor wind environment of four typical configurations with the orientation of NWN en is studied, and the influence of different building orientations on the wind environment of residential district is discussed. Then, in view of the layout of the four typical residential areas in the direction of N, 48 kinds of numerical models of different geometric parameters are established by using Phonics software, and the wind environment is numerically simulated. The influence of different parameters on the wind environment of typical residential district is studied. Finally, by analyzing the simulation results, some conclusions about the influence of architectural layout on the wind environment at the outdoor pedestrian height of residential district are obtained, which can predict the wind environment around the residential area or a building after the completion of the building. It provides a certain theoretical basis and reference value for urban construction and residential district layout planning, and avoids the adverse effects of blind construction on the district environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU984.12;TU119

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