本文選題：皖南民居 + 氣候分析�。� 參考：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：一直以來(lái)氣候和技術(shù)是影響建筑形態(tài)和發(fā)展過(guò)程中的關(guān)鍵性要素。隨著當(dāng)今社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,我國(guó)建筑面積快速增加,與此同時(shí)建筑能耗與能源資源之間的矛盾也日益突出。如何在創(chuàng)造舒適室內(nèi)環(huán)境的同時(shí)最大限度的降低建筑能耗是當(dāng)今建筑行業(yè)面臨的首要問(wèn)題。改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),我國(guó)農(nóng)村地區(qū)發(fā)展迅速,農(nóng)村住宅建筑能源需求加速上升。農(nóng)村住宅如果完全繼承傳統(tǒng)民居的營(yíng)造法則,或簡(jiǎn)單照搬現(xiàn)代城鎮(zhèn)住宅設(shè)計(jì)理論和方法,會(huì)導(dǎo)致居住環(huán)境質(zhì)量下降、建筑能耗與污染物排放增加、豐富多樣的生態(tài)建筑經(jīng)驗(yàn)和地域建筑文化失傳等惡果的出現(xiàn)。因此,針對(duì)農(nóng)村地區(qū)民居建筑,研究適用于地域氣候環(huán)境的被動(dòng)式建筑是必由之路。本文以皖南地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)及新建民居實(shí)地調(diào)研過(guò)程中發(fā)現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題為基點(diǎn),從地域氣候特點(diǎn)出發(fā),結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦娜梭w熱舒適需求和適宜的被動(dòng)式策略提出適合當(dāng)?shù)氐谋粍?dòng)式設(shè)計(jì)方法,并通過(guò)軟件模擬的方法來(lái)驗(yàn)證不同被動(dòng)式設(shè)計(jì)策略的節(jié)能貢獻(xiàn)率以及最優(yōu)組合方案。通過(guò)對(duì)皖南地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)及新建民居的冬夏季室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了綜合分析,分析發(fā)現(xiàn)皖南傳統(tǒng)民居室內(nèi)現(xiàn)存的主要問(wèn)題是冬季室內(nèi)溫度偏低且濕度高,而夏季室內(nèi)溫度相對(duì)適宜但同樣由于濕度大不能滿足熱舒適需求。當(dāng)?shù)匦陆窬釉谑覂?nèi)熱環(huán)境方面有一定的改善,但仍舊存在著冬季室內(nèi)溫度偏低,夏季室內(nèi)濕度過(guò)高的問(wèn)題。地域氣候是制約地域建筑形態(tài)和適宜被動(dòng)式技術(shù)的主要因素,只有通過(guò)準(zhǔn)確的地域氣候分析才能提出合理的建筑改造和解決方案。本文選用Givoni的建筑氣候分析方法,依據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)貧夂蛱攸c(diǎn)構(gòu)建了適用于皖南地區(qū)的建筑氣候分析圖,并通過(guò)分析提出適用于當(dāng)?shù)氐谋粍?dòng)式設(shè)計(jì)策略主要為被動(dòng)式太陽(yáng)能和自然通風(fēng)。通過(guò)計(jì)算得出了不同被動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)策略的有效利用時(shí)間百分比。在氣候分析的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)不同被動(dòng)式設(shè)計(jì)策略的構(gòu)造要求進(jìn)行分析。分別通過(guò)模擬等技術(shù)方法得出被動(dòng)式太陽(yáng)能房宜采用直接受益式窗,此外還對(duì)增強(qiáng)室內(nèi)通風(fēng)和小區(qū)通風(fēng)的構(gòu)造和規(guī)劃要求進(jìn)行了定量分析,計(jì)算了皖南地區(qū)有效通風(fēng)時(shí)間比。最后通過(guò)分析得出適用于皖南地區(qū)的最佳被動(dòng)式設(shè)計(jì)策略組合模式為建筑保溫加屋頂遮陽(yáng)。在前文分析的基礎(chǔ)上采用Energy Plus能耗模擬軟件對(duì)既有新建民居和改造后的被動(dòng)式民居進(jìn)行了采暖/制冷能耗模擬,并對(duì)模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析,得出皖南被動(dòng)式民居最大節(jié)能率可達(dá)71%。
[Abstract]:Climate and technology have been the key factors in the process of building shape and development. With the development of society and economy, the building area of our country is increasing rapidly, meanwhile, the contradiction between building energy consumption and energy resources is becoming more and more prominent. How to reduce the building energy consumption while creating comfortable indoor environment is the most important problem facing the construction industry. Since the reform and opening up, rural areas in China have developed rapidly, and the energy demand of rural residential buildings has increased rapidly. If the rural residence completely inherits the construction rule of the traditional residence, or simply copy the modern urban housing design theory and method, it will lead to the decline of the living environment quality, the increase of building energy consumption and pollutant emission. Rich and diverse ecological architecture experience and the loss of regional architectural culture, such as the emergence of evil results. Therefore, it is necessary to study the passive architecture suitable for regional climate environment in rural residential buildings. Based on the problems found in the field investigation of the traditional and newly built houses in southern Anhui, this paper starts from the regional climate characteristics. According to the local residents' thermal comfort needs and the suitable passive strategy, the passive design method is put forward, and the energy saving contribution rate and the optimal combination scheme of different passive design strategies are verified by software simulation. Based on the comprehensive analysis of indoor thermal environment data of traditional and newly built houses in southern Anhui province, it is found that the main problems of indoor thermal environment of traditional residential houses in southern Anhui are low indoor temperature and high humidity in winter. The indoor temperature in summer is relatively suitable, but also because of the humidity can not meet the thermal comfort requirements. The indoor thermal environment of the newly built houses is improved to some extent, but the indoor temperature is low in winter and the indoor humidity is too high in summer. Regional climate is the main factor that restricts the form of regional architecture and the suitable passive technology. Only through the accurate analysis of regional climate can we put forward reasonable architectural transformation and solutions. In this paper, according to the characteristics of local climate, the architectural climate analysis map of southern Anhui is constructed by using Givoni's method of building climate analysis, and the passive design strategies suitable for local area are mainly passive solar energy and natural ventilation. The effective utilization time percentage of different passive design strategies is calculated. On the basis of climate analysis, the construction requirements of different passive design strategies are analyzed. Through simulation and other technical methods, it is concluded that direct beneficial windows should be used in passive solar buildings. In addition, the requirements of construction and planning for enhancing indoor ventilation and district ventilation are quantitatively analyzed, and the effective ventilation time ratio in southern Anhui is calculated. Finally, it is concluded that the best passive design strategy combination mode is building heat preservation and roof shading. Based on the above analysis, the heating / refrigeration energy consumption of existing newly built houses and the passive residential buildings after renovation are simulated by Energy Plus, and the simulation results are analyzed. It is concluded that the maximum energy saving rate of passive residential buildings in southern Anhui can reach 71%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU241.91

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本文編號(hào)：1774414