發(fā)布時間：2018-04-19 15:07

  本文選題：輕集料混凝土 + 陶粒　； 參考：《浙江大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著現代建筑工程高層化、大跨度化的發(fā)展,對混凝土的輕質高強提出了更高的要求,由于高性能輕集料混凝土具有輕質高強、保溫隔熱性能好、抗震性能好、綜合技術經濟效果好等優(yōu)點,使之逐漸成為現代混凝土技術的一個重要發(fā)展方向。輕集料混凝土的優(yōu)良特性歸功于輕集料質輕、多孔的獨特結構,但是由于天然輕集料資源有限,這就需要大力開發(fā)研究人造輕集料。當前,我國輕集料通常采用粘土陶粒,粘土大多取自于耕地,不符合可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,而采用污泥加以其他輔料制備具有一定強度的輕質陶粒,不僅可以避免污泥二次污染,也符合我國固廢處理無害化、減量化和資源化的原則。目前,國內外學者已針對頁巖陶粒、粘土陶粒、粉煤灰陶粒、膨脹珍珠巖等輕集料混凝土做了大量的試驗研究分析,而由于用污泥制備陶粒的研究起步較晚,相應的研究也相對較少。 本文采用浙江方遠建材科技有限公司生產的由頁巖和污泥燒制的陶粒配制出強度等級達LC35,密度等級為1700、1800,導熱系數為0.65-1.05W/(m·K)的一種輕集料結構混凝土。通過試驗研究分析了砂率及外加劑對陶粒輕集料結構混凝土物理力學性能、熱工性能、耐久性等性能的影響,試驗結果表明：砂率對輕集料混凝土的坍落度及其經時損失、表觀密度、抗壓強度、彈性模量、早期收縮、長期干燥收縮以及導熱系數都有一定程度的影響,隨著砂率的增大混凝土的坍落度和擴展度有所下降而坍落度經時損失增大,除此之外混凝土的其他性能均隨著砂率的提高而增大。減縮劑對陶粒輕集料混凝土的抗壓強度有明顯的不利影響,但對抑制干燥收縮效果顯著；膨脹劑對抗壓強度的影響較小,當摻量超過一定量時略有不利影響,膨脹劑補償干燥收縮的效果和摻量相關,摻量過低起不到補償收縮作用摻量過大反而會產生負面效應；引氣劑會降低輕集料混凝土的抗壓強度,摻量適當時可以減小干燥收縮,而應用不當可能加大收縮開裂的風險。 此外,采用DeST-h耗模擬軟件分析了輕集料結構混凝土用于外墻承重結構時的建筑能耗,結果表明陶粒輕集料混凝土用于自保溫結構體系的承重結構時,建筑總能耗降低率可達20%-30%,保溫節(jié)能效果顯著。 可見,陶粒輕集料混凝土具有較好的工作性能、物理力學性能和耐久性能,尤其自身具備良好的熱工性能,對解決高層建筑或者熱橋所占面積較大的結構所面臨的圍護結構節(jié)能問題具有重要作用,因此,在當前倡導建筑節(jié)能環(huán)保的背景下,陶粒輕集料混凝土具有廣泛的應用前景。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of high rise and large span of modern building engineering, the light weight and high strength of concrete is demanded higher, because the high performance lightweight aggregate concrete has the advantages of light weight and high strength, good thermal insulation and good seismic performance.The advantages of comprehensive technology and economic effect make it an important development direction of modern concrete technology.The excellent properties of lightweight aggregate concrete can be attributed to its light weight and porous structure. However, due to the limited natural lightweight aggregate resources, it is necessary to develop and study artificial lightweight aggregate.At present, clay ceramsite is usually used in light aggregate in our country, and clay is mostly taken from cultivated land, which is not in accordance with the strategy of sustainable development. However, it is not only possible to avoid secondary pollution of sludge, but also to use sludge as other adjunct materials to prepare lightweight ceramsite with certain strength.It is also in line with the principles of harmless, reduced and resource utilization of solid waste treatment in China.At present, scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of experimental research and analysis on lightweight aggregate concrete, such as shale ceramsite, clay ceramsite, fly ash ceramsite, expanded perlite, etc.The corresponding research is also relatively few.In this paper, a lightweight aggregate structure concrete with strength grade LC35, density grade 1 700 ~ 1 800 and thermal conductivity of 0.65-1.05W/(m K produced by Zhejiang Fangyuan Building Materials Technology Co., Ltd.The effects of sand ratio and admixture on physical and mechanical properties, thermal properties and durability of lightweight aggregate concrete with ceramsite are studied. The results show that sand ratio has great influence on the slump and time-lapse of lightweight aggregate concrete.The apparent density, compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, early shrinkage, long-term drying shrinkage and thermal conductivity are all affected to some extent. With the increase of sand ratio, the slump loss increases with the decrease of slump and extension of concrete.In addition, the other properties of concrete increase with the increase of sand ratio.The shrinkage reducing agent has obvious adverse effect on the compressive strength of the lightweight aggregate concrete, but it has a remarkable effect on the inhibition of drying shrinkage, and the expansion agent has little effect on the compressive strength, and has a slight adverse effect on the compressive strength when the content exceeds a certain amount.The effect of dilatant on drying shrinkage is related to the amount of dry shrinkage, too low amount of expansion agent can not compensate the shrinkage effect, and too much air entraining agent will reduce the compressive strength of lightweight aggregate concrete, and when the amount is appropriate, the dry shrinkage will be reduced.Improper application may increase the risk of shrinkage cracking.In addition, the building energy consumption of lightweight aggregate structure concrete used in external wall load-bearing structure is analyzed by DeST-h simulation software. The results show that the ceramic lightweight aggregate concrete is used in the load-bearing structure of self-insulating structure system.The total energy consumption of buildings can be reduced to 20-30, and the effect of heat preservation and energy saving is remarkable.It can be seen that ceramic lightweight aggregate concrete has good working performance, physical and mechanical properties and durability, especially its own good thermal performance.It plays an important role in solving the problem of energy saving in the envelope structure of high-rise building or the structure with large area occupied by hot bridge. Therefore, under the background of advocating building energy saving and environmental protection at present, ceramic lightweight aggregate concrete has a wide application prospect.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU528

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本文編號：1773592