本文選題：徽州地區(qū) + 居住建筑��； 參考：《安徽建筑大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人們生活水平的不斷提高,對室內(nèi)舒適性的要求也不斷的提高,隨之帶來的就是建筑消耗的大幅度增加。然而,在國家大力倡導節(jié)能減排的大背景下,這種通過過度消耗能源來滿足建筑室內(nèi)舒適性的方式是非常不可取的。自然通風是一種既能滿足室內(nèi)人們的熱舒適性的要求又能節(jié)約能源的有效手段,但是不同地區(qū)的人可接受的自然通風條件下的舒適溫度的范圍并不相同,并且不同建筑設計策略下的節(jié)能效果也有顯著差別。本文主要研究自然通風條件下徽州地區(qū)居住建筑室內(nèi)的舒適性及節(jié)能潛力。本文首先介紹和總結(jié)了國內(nèi)外自然通風條件下居住建筑舒適性的研究現(xiàn)狀和進展,同時總結(jié)當前關于徽州地區(qū)的建筑環(huán)境與節(jié)能的研究,指出了研究的不足,并在此基礎上提出了自己的研究內(nèi)容和重點。第二章介紹了熱舒適性的基礎理論,包括影響因素、評價指標、評價模型以及評級標準等。本文選擇以PMV-PPD和操作溫度作為評價指標,以Fanger的熱舒適模型為評價模型,以ASHRAE 55和ISO7730以及《民用建筑熱濕環(huán)境評價標準》作為評價標準。第三章主要總結(jié)了徽州地區(qū)的建筑和氣候特點,指出徽州地區(qū)屬于亞熱帶季風氣候,年平均溫度15.8℃,年平均相對濕度為79%,年平均降雨量1759.7mm,年平均日照時間1815.7h。由于年日照時間長、溫度高、降雨量大等特點,使得徽州地區(qū)全年大多數(shù)時間比較濕熱;而徽派建筑是我國南方極具代表性的建筑類型之一,其主要特點包括依山傍水的選址、街巷相連和間距極窄的群落布局、粉墻黛瓦建筑風格以及天井、馬頭墻等極具特色的建筑元素。第四章主要采用問卷調(diào)查、現(xiàn)場測試以及CFD模擬研究建筑通風條件下居住建筑的熱舒適性,結(jié)果表明:①濕度對徽州地區(qū)的居民的熱舒適性的影響不明顯,徽州地區(qū)的居民的耐濕能力都比較強;②由于風速不大,對當?shù)鼐用竦臒崾孢m性的影響不明顯;③溫度是影響當?shù)鼐用駸崾孢m性的決定性因素,調(diào)查表明在對熱感覺基本滿意82.05%的被調(diào)查者中,對整個熱環(huán)境滿意的高達74.94%。④自然通風條件下,90%滿意率的徽州地區(qū)居民可接受的舒適溫度范圍為21.22℃~25.25℃,80%滿意率的徽州地區(qū)居民可接受的舒適溫度范圍為16.92℃~28.09℃。⑤徽州地區(qū)的傳統(tǒng)民居建筑的布局并不是非常有利于自然通風。風環(huán)境模擬表明,不同風向的季風對通風效果影響較大,西南風比南風更能促進自然通風。⑥徽州民居的主要通風方式:白天是借助于大門風壓和天井的熱壓相結(jié)合自然通風;晚上大門關閉,主要依靠天井的熱壓通風,通風效果不佳。第五章利用模擬軟件分析了徽州地區(qū)居住建筑的節(jié)能潛力,結(jié)果顯示:①自然通風條件下,80%滿意率的時間是2463小時,90滿意率的時間是1735小時,表明徽州地區(qū)純自然通風條件下滿足人體舒適性的小時數(shù)較小。②采用遮陽措施和被動式太陽能采暖+高熱容材料的節(jié)能措施的節(jié)能潛力最大,分別可以增加969小時和691小時的舒適時間。③全年5月~9月的遮陽措施的節(jié)能效果最佳,而被動式太陽能采暖+高熱容性材料節(jié)能效果最佳的月份是1月~7月和9月~12月。④夏季,空調(diào)能耗會隨室內(nèi)空調(diào)設定溫度的增加而顯著地降低,隨著窗墻比的增加而顯著的增加,且當窗墻比為0.2時,空調(diào)溫度T=26℃時的能耗最小,要比T=24℃節(jié)能17.98%。⑤內(nèi)遮陽措施的節(jié)能效果不顯著,可能節(jié)能也可能增加能耗。⑥外遮陽措施的節(jié)能效果顯著,當空調(diào)溫度T=26℃、窗墻比為0.2的節(jié)能效果最佳,比未遮陽時節(jié)能66.97%。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of people's living standard, the indoor comfort requirements are also increasing, the attendant is the building consumption increased substantially. However, in the background of national vigorously promote energy-saving emission reduction, the excessive consumption of energy to meet the indoor comfort way is not very desirable for natural ventilation. Is a kind of effective means of indoor people can meet the requirements of thermal comfort and energy conservation, the scope of natural ventilation. But people in the different area under the comfort temperature is not the same, and the energy saving effect of different architectural design strategies also have significant differences. The comfort and energy saving potential in this paper Huizhou residential area under the condition of natural ventilation buildings. This paper first introduces and summarizes the research status of natural ventilation under the conditions of residential comfort and At the same time, the current exhibition, summarizes the research on Huizhou area of building environment and energy efficiency, the study pointed out the deficiencies, and put forward their own research content and focus. The second chapter introduces the basic theory of thermal comfort, including influence factors, evaluation index, evaluation model and evaluation standard. This paper chooses PMV-PPD and the operating temperature as the evaluation index, the Fanger model for thermal comfort evaluation model, using ASHRAE 55 and ISO7730 and < civil building thermal environment evaluation standard > as the evaluation criteria. The third chapter mainly summarizes the architecture and the climate characteristic of Huizhou, pointed out that the Huizhou area belongs to subtropical monsoon climate, the annual average temperature of 15.8 degrees Celsius, year the average relative humidity is 79%, the average annual rainfall is 1759.7mm, the average annual sunshine time of 1815.7h. years due to long hours of sunshine, high temperature, high rainfall characteristics, makes the Huizhou area throughout the year Most of the time and the comparison of heat; Huizhou architecture of southern China is one of the representative of the type of construction, its main features include the Yard site, linked to the streets and narrow spacing community layout, fenqiangdaiwa architectural style and the courtyard, architectural elements of horsehead walls and other unique features. The fourth chapter mainly adopts questionnaire survey, field test and CFD simulation of the building ventilation conditions of residential building thermal comfort, the results show that the residents of the Huizhou area of the humidity on the thermal comfort effect is not obvious, residents of Huizhou's wet ability is strong; due to the little wind, local residents of thermal comfort did not significantly influence the temperature; are the decisive factors affecting the thermal comfort of local residents, survey shows that under investigation on the thermal sensation is basically satisfactory in 82.05% persons, up to 74.94%. on the thermal environment of natural satisfaction Ventilation conditions, temperature range of residents in Huizhou area 90% satisfaction rate is acceptable for 21.22 DEG ~25.25 DEG, temperature range of residents in Huizhou area of 80% satisfaction rate to 16.92 DEG ~28.09 DEG. The Huizhou area of the traditional dwelling building layout is not very favorable to natural ventilation. Show that the simulation of wind environment different wind direction has great influence on the ventilation effect of the monsoon, southwest wind can promote natural ventilation more than the south wind. The main ventilation style of folk houses in Huizhou: the day is hot with the combination of wind and patio door ventilation; night door closed, mainly rely on hot air raise, poor ventilation effect. In the fifth chapter, by using simulation software analysis of the energy saving potential of the residential buildings in Huizhou, the results showed that under the condition of natural ventilation, the satisfaction rate of the 80% time is 2463 hours, the satisfaction rate of the 90 time is 1735 hours, that Pure natural ventilation conditions in Huizhou region to meet the human body comfortable hours less. The maximum energy saving potential by using energy-saving measures and shading measures of passive solar heating and high heat capacity materials, respectively, can be increased by 969 hours and 691 hours of comfortable time. The energy saving effect of sun shading measures in May ~9 annual month of the best, and passive solar energy heating + high heat capacity effect of energy-saving materials the best month is January ~7 months and ~12 months in September. In the summer, air conditioning energy consumption will increase with the indoor air temperature significantly reduced, with the window wall ratio increase significantly, and when the window wall ratio is 0.2, when the air conditioning temperature T=26 the minimum energy consumption, energy saving effect than T=24 17.98%. in the C energy-saving sunshade measures are not significant, such may also increase energy consumption. Energy saving effect of the sun shading measures significantly, when the air temperature is T=26 DEG C, the ratio of window to wall It has the best energy saving effect of 0.2, and it can be 66.97%.

【學位授予單位】：安徽建筑大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU241

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本文編號：1754927