本文選題：鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)　切入點(diǎn)：環(huán)形對(duì)接焊縫　出處：《東南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)代工程結(jié)構(gòu)跨度大、造型復(fù)雜、形式多樣,對(duì)連接節(jié)點(diǎn)要求更加嚴(yán)格。相比于傳統(tǒng)的節(jié)點(diǎn)連接方式,鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)憑借著良好的力學(xué)性能、造型靈活、施工方便等優(yōu)點(diǎn),逐漸廣泛的應(yīng)用于國(guó)內(nèi)外的建筑工程中。近年來,工程設(shè)計(jì)人員以及相關(guān)學(xué)者認(rèn)識(shí)到鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)的最大優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)抗疲勞性能的改善,并越來越多的應(yīng)用于疲勞問題突出的結(jié)構(gòu)。已有研究表明：鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)的疲勞性能分為鑄鋼材料的疲勞性能和環(huán)形對(duì)接焊縫的疲勞性能兩部分,鑄鋼材料的疲勞性能優(yōu)于焊縫的疲勞性能,環(huán)形對(duì)接焊縫的疲勞性能在節(jié)點(diǎn)整體疲勞性能中起控制作用。相比于傳統(tǒng)的節(jié)點(diǎn)連接方式,鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)雖有眾多優(yōu)點(diǎn),但鑄鋼材料不可避免的會(huì)產(chǎn)生缺陷,由于對(duì)其帶缺陷疲勞性能研究不足,和相關(guān)環(huán)形對(duì)接焊縫的疲勞性能數(shù)據(jù)缺乏,工程設(shè)計(jì)中多采用放大安全系數(shù)的設(shè)計(jì)方法。因而,現(xiàn)有鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)的設(shè)計(jì)方法比較保守,其疲勞性能,尤其是鑄鋼材料部分的疲勞性能存在著較大的冗余,造成節(jié)點(diǎn)自重大,浪費(fèi)材料,增加建造成本。針對(duì)以上問題,本文對(duì)鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)環(huán)形對(duì)接焊縫的疲勞性能進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)研究；通過有限元方法對(duì)帶缺陷鑄鋼材料的疲勞性能進(jìn)行分析；依據(jù)鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)疲勞性能研究成果,結(jié)合工程優(yōu)化技術(shù),對(duì)鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行抗疲勞優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),首先對(duì)節(jié)點(diǎn)鑄鋼部分幾何尺寸進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,得到節(jié)點(diǎn)輕量化最優(yōu)尺寸,而后驗(yàn)算焊縫強(qiáng)度,修正局部尺寸,完成優(yōu)化目標(biāo)。本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下：1.調(diào)研了國(guó)內(nèi)鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)環(huán)形對(duì)接焊縫使用現(xiàn)狀,本文設(shè)計(jì)了兩種常用焊接細(xì)節(jié)的鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)弧形板小試件,進(jìn)行了疲勞試驗(yàn),對(duì)試驗(yàn)試件進(jìn)行斷面分析,對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理,采用數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)方法,擬合了兩種焊縫細(xì)節(jié)的均值S-N曲線與p-S-N曲線,并與相似的焊接細(xì)節(jié)疲勞數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析。將本項(xiàng)目四種焊縫細(xì)節(jié)視為一類焊縫的大樣本,并采用數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)方法擬合其p-S-N曲線,選取擬合下限S-N曲線作為鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)環(huán)形對(duì)接焊縫統(tǒng)一S-N曲線,并推薦工程設(shè)計(jì)參考。2.建立了鑄造初始缺陷的疲勞損傷累積計(jì)算方法。介紹了參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)方法,詳述了鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)參數(shù)化模型的建立過程,本文使用三維建模軟件Pro/Engineering對(duì)杭州灣跨海大橋海中平臺(tái)觀光塔下節(jié)點(diǎn)建立了參數(shù)化模型；然后,依據(jù)疲勞損傷理論,使用ANSYS軟件,詳述了帶缺陷的鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)疲勞損傷累積計(jì)算方法。3.依據(jù)本文環(huán)形對(duì)接焊縫的疲勞試驗(yàn)研究成果,并結(jié)合東南大學(xué)陳達(dá)對(duì)鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)環(huán)形對(duì)接焊縫的熱點(diǎn)應(yīng)力數(shù)值研究成果,給出了國(guó)內(nèi)常用焊縫細(xì)節(jié)的熱點(diǎn)應(yīng)力壽命曲線(Shs-N曲線),為鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)抗疲勞優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)中焊縫壽命計(jì)算提供依據(jù)。4.針對(duì)鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)的疲勞性能特點(diǎn),基于已有的關(guān)于鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)疲勞性能研究成果,本文提出基于疲勞性能的鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方法：1)建立節(jié)點(diǎn)參數(shù)化模型；2)通過靈敏度分析優(yōu)化篩選設(shè)計(jì)變量；3)以節(jié)點(diǎn)質(zhì)量最小為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),以節(jié)點(diǎn)鑄鋼材料缺陷位置處疲勞損傷限值為約束條件,采用最優(yōu)拉丁超立方全局抽樣與梯度算法局部尋優(yōu)的組合優(yōu)化策略,對(duì)節(jié)點(diǎn)鑄鋼部分幾何尺寸進(jìn)行優(yōu)化；4)采用熱點(diǎn)應(yīng)力法驗(yàn)算節(jié)點(diǎn)環(huán)形對(duì)接焊縫的疲勞壽命,對(duì)不滿足疲勞壽命要求的焊縫局部參數(shù)進(jìn)行修正,最終完成優(yōu)化目標(biāo)。本文以杭州灣跨海大橋海洋平臺(tái)觀光塔下節(jié)點(diǎn)為算例,采用鑄鋼節(jié)點(diǎn)抗疲勞優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方法進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,在滿足節(jié)點(diǎn)整體疲勞性能的要求下,節(jié)點(diǎn)質(zhì)量相比原設(shè)計(jì)方案降低了23.3%。
[Abstract]:Modern engineering structure of large span, complex shape, a variety of forms, more strictly to the connection requirements. Compared with the traditional connection mode, with the mechanical properties of cast steel joints, good design flexibility, the advantages of convenience, is widely used in domestic and foreign construction engineering. In recent years, engineering design and related personnel scholars recognize that the biggest advantage of cast steel joints on the anti fatigue performance of structure is improved, and more and more applied to the fatigue problems of structure. It has been shown that the fatigue properties of cast steel joints for fatigue properties of cast steel material and ring butt weld fatigue performance of the two part, fatigue performance is better than that of the weld steel material the fatigue performance of annular butt weld control node in the whole fatigue performance. Compared with the traditional connection mode, although the cast steel joints Many advantages, but the steel material will inevitably have defects due to the fatigue performance of belt defects, fatigue performance data and girth butt weld lack of amplification factor of safety design method used in engineering design. Therefore, the existing design method of cast steel joints is more conservative, especially the fatigue performance, fatigue performance there is a large part of the cast steel nodes caused by redundancy, since the great waste of material, increase the cost of construction. To solve the above problems, the fatigue performance of weld in experimental research; through the finite element method to analyze the fatigue properties of cast steel with defects on fatigue properties of cast steel joints; research combined with the engineering optimization technology to optimize the design of anti fatigue of cast steel joints, the cast steel joints geometry dimension optimization, get the day Some lightweight optimal size, and then check the weld strength of the modified local size, complete the optimization objectives. The main research contents of this paper are as follows: 1. the research of the domestic girth butt weld using situation, this paper designed two kinds of cast steel joints arc plate small specimen common welding details, fatigue tests were conducted for analysis of test section the specimen, the experimental data were processed by using the method of mathematical statistics, the mean fitting S-N curves and p-S-N curves of two kinds of weld details, and compared with similar welding. This project will detail fatigue data of four kinds of weld details as a kind of large sample weld, and fitted by the method of mathematical statistics the p-S-N curve, S-N curve fitting selection limit as the weld unified S-N curve, and the establishment of the fatigue damage of original casting defects was recommended reference in engineering design.2. Product calculation methods are introduced. The parametric design method, introduces in detail the construction process parameters of cast steel joint model, this paper uses 3D modeling software Pro/Engineering on the Hangzhou bay bridge tower under the platform node parametric model is established; then, based on the fatigue damage theory, the use of ANSYS software, describes the fatigue of cast steel joints the cumulative damage with defects based on the calculation method of.3. ring butt weld fatigue test results, combined with Southeast University Chen Da focuses on the weld should be given numerical research results, the details of the domestic hot common welding stress life curve (Shs-N curve), for cast steel joints fatigue life design and optimization of weld line in the calculation of.4. provide the basis for the fatigue properties of cast steel joints, based on the existing research results on fatigue properties of cast steel joints, is proposed in this paper. Optimization design method of cast steel joints based on Fatigue Performance: 1) the establishment of joint parameters model; 2) through the sensitivity analysis of optimization design variables; 3) to the node quality as the optimizing goal, to the position of defect of cast steel joints fatigue damage limit as constraint conditions, the optimal Latin hypercube sampling and global gradient algorithm combination optimization strategy of local optimization, the cast steel joints geometry dimension is optimized; 4) the focus should be on fatigue life force method for checking the bus ring butt weld, the weld parameters to meet the requirements of the Bureau of the Ministry of the fatigue life correction, finally completed the optimization objectives. In this paper, the Hangzhou Bay Bridge Tower of offshore platform under node for example, the cast steel joints fatigue optimal design method for optimization on fatigue properties of nodes meet the overall requirements, compared to the original design scheme of node quality drop Low 23.3%.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU511.3

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