綠色建筑利益相關(guān)者風(fēng)險(xiǎn)識(shí)別與評(píng)估
本文選題:綠色建筑項(xiàng)目 切入點(diǎn):利益相關(guān)者 出處:《天津大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
【摘要】:建筑是能源消耗和環(huán)境問(wèn)題的主要制造者,為實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展,綠色建筑應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。項(xiàng)目利益相關(guān)者是綠色建筑的成功推行主要因素之一,對(duì)各參與者的相關(guān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行分析十分必要。然而,文獻(xiàn)分析結(jié)果表明缺乏對(duì)我國(guó)綠色建筑利益相關(guān)者風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的識(shí)別與評(píng)估。本文在對(duì)我國(guó)綠色建筑典型案例分析的基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)了綠色建筑成功推行的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)因素和市場(chǎng)因素,其中技術(shù)因素包括空調(diào)通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的廣泛應(yīng)用,市場(chǎng)因素則包括企業(yè)缺乏利益驅(qū)動(dòng)、各方缺乏有效合作等。隨后,通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)閱讀和“經(jīng)典的基于經(jīng)驗(yàn)的方法”識(shí)別出現(xiàn)階段我國(guó)綠色建筑項(xiàng)目的10個(gè)關(guān)鍵利益相關(guān)者,包括業(yè)主、施工單位、設(shè)計(jì)單位、監(jiān)理單位、分包單位、供應(yīng)商、政府、金融機(jī)構(gòu)、最終客戶、物業(yè)管理;并通過(guò)焦點(diǎn)團(tuán)體法將各利益相關(guān)者與項(xiàng)目的各個(gè)階段對(duì)應(yīng),結(jié)果表明,決策階段涉及的利益相關(guān)者最多,這也一定程度說(shuō)明了該階段的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較大。在文獻(xiàn)閱讀的基礎(chǔ)上,得到與10個(gè)利益相關(guān)者有關(guān)共87個(gè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素。最后,以中國(guó)鐵建幸福塘綠色建筑項(xiàng)目為案例。通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)和專家訪談識(shí)別了該項(xiàng)目各個(gè)關(guān)鍵利益相關(guān)者有關(guān)的41個(gè)關(guān)鍵風(fēng)險(xiǎn),如通過(guò)專家訪談將“執(zhí)行綠色建筑項(xiàng)目實(shí)施標(biāo)準(zhǔn)行為”列為業(yè)主的主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之一。構(gòu)建了基于利益相關(guān)者的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估模型并運(yùn)用屬性層次模型進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)與設(shè)計(jì)單位、分包商和政府三方有關(guān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較高,整體風(fēng)險(xiǎn)水平為中等偏低。本文從利益相關(guān)者角度構(gòu)建了我國(guó)綠色建筑的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系以及評(píng)價(jià)方法,對(duì)加深各參與方對(duì)其相關(guān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的理解以及評(píng)估具有一定指導(dǎo)意義,也有利于后續(xù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分擔(dān)和應(yīng)對(duì)。
[Abstract]:Construction is the main producer of energy consumption and environmental problems. In order to achieve sustainable development, green building emerges as the times require. Project stakeholders are one of the main factors for the successful implementation of green building. It is necessary to analyze the relevant risks of each participant. However, the results of literature analysis show that there is a lack of identification and evaluation of the risk of the stakeholders of green building in China. Based on the analysis of typical cases of green building in China, The key technical factors and market factors for the successful implementation of green building are summarized. The technical factors include the extensive application of air conditioning and ventilation system, and the market factors include the lack of benefit driven by enterprises, the lack of effective cooperation between the parties and so on. Through literature reading and "classic experience-based methods" to identify 10 key stakeholders in green building projects in China during the emergence phase, including owners, construction units, design units, supervision units, subcontractors, suppliers, government, Financial institutions, end customers, property management; and through the focus group approach, stakeholders are matched to each stage of the project, and the results show that the decision-making phase involves the most stakeholders, This also explains to some extent the potential risks in this phase. Based on the reading of the literature, 87 risk factors related to 10 stakeholders have been obtained. Finally, In the case of China Railway Construction's Green Building Project, 41 key risks related to key stakeholders of the project were identified through literature and expert interviews. For example, "implementing standard behavior of green building project" is listed as one of the main risks of the owner through expert interviews. A stakeholder based risk assessment model is constructed and the attribute hierarchy model is used to evaluate the risk. The results show that the risk associated with the design unit, subcontractor and government is relatively high, and the overall risk level is on the low side. This paper constructs the risk evaluation index system and evaluation method of green building in China from the perspective of stakeholders. It has a certain guiding significance to deepen the understanding and evaluation of the relevant risks of the participants, and is also conducive to the subsequent risk sharing and coping.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號(hào)】:F426.92;TU201.5
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