本文關(guān)鍵詞： 近斷層 框架結(jié)構(gòu) 地震動特性 豎向地震動 脈沖地震動　出處：《中國地震局工程力學(xué)研究所》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：框架結(jié)構(gòu)由于空間布置靈活、受力簡單明確、節(jié)省材料等諸多優(yōu)點而被廣泛采用。自然界中對建筑造成損害最大的便是頻發(fā)的地震,而地震中經(jīng)濟財產(chǎn)損失和傷亡人數(shù)大多集中在近斷層處。因此,對近斷層框架結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞方式和機理的總結(jié)和分析十分必要,為近斷層附近建造的該類結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震設(shè)計和相應(yīng)的減災(zāi)措施奠定基礎(chǔ)。本文工作內(nèi)容如下:1.首先對近斷層地震動特性進行了總結(jié)。近斷層地震動特性主要包括兩個方面:一是不可忽略的豎向地震動,豎向地震動的峰值加速度有時達到或超過水平地震動的峰值加速度;二是近斷層地震動表現(xiàn)出明顯的脈沖性,根據(jù)近斷層脈沖地震動產(chǎn)生機理,分為前方向性脈沖和滑沖效應(yīng)脈沖。為了研究脈沖地震動特性對結(jié)構(gòu)地震作用的影響,本文對比分析了脈沖地震動和非脈沖地震動的反應(yīng)譜和能量流,以及前方向性脈沖地震動和滑沖效應(yīng)地震動反應(yīng)譜。2.設(shè)計了 4層和8層典型RC框架結(jié)構(gòu),采用ABAQUS計算軟件建立了分析模型,分別分析了兩棟框架結(jié)構(gòu)在豎向地震動和脈沖地震動作用下的反應(yīng),分析了兩種近斷層地震動特性對框架結(jié)構(gòu)地表反應(yīng)的影響。對于豎向地震動的影響,分別選取汶川地震、帝谷地震和集集地震中各一條地震動,調(diào)整豎向峰值加速度和水平峰值加速度比為1、0.5和0。分析豎向地震動對框架結(jié)構(gòu)水平方向位移、框架底層外柱和內(nèi)柱的軸力、彎矩和剪力的影響。結(jié)果表明,豎向地震動對結(jié)構(gòu)水平方向的位移幾乎沒有影響;豎向地震動對框架各層中柱軸力影響非常大,而對各層邊柱并沒有太大的影響,同時由于豎向地震動的作用,框架結(jié)構(gòu)柱會出現(xiàn)拉力;豎向地震動對抗彎能力沒有太大影響,而對柱,尤其是中柱的抗剪能力有著很大的影響。對于脈沖地震動的影響,根據(jù)前方向性脈沖地震動、滑沖脈沖地震動和非脈沖地震動三種類型一共選取9條地震動。分析脈沖地震動對框架結(jié)構(gòu)水平方向位移、框架底層外柱和內(nèi)柱的軸力、彎矩和剪力的影響。結(jié)果表明,脈沖地震動對層間位移角有放大作用,對于4層結(jié)構(gòu),前方向性脈沖地震動和滑沖脈沖地震動作用下結(jié)構(gòu)最大層間位移發(fā)生在底層,對于8層結(jié)構(gòu),前方向脈沖地震動的水平層間位移在特性上已和非脈沖地震動無異,滑沖地震動將最大層間從前兩者的第4層移至第2層;脈沖地震動對柱剪力、彎矩的影響大于其對柱軸力的影響,對于4層結(jié)構(gòu),脈沖地震動對柱軸力、剪力、彎矩的影響隨著樓層的增加迅速減小,脈沖地震動對柱軸力的影響甚微。對于8層結(jié)構(gòu),脈沖地震動對軸力、剪力的影響隨著樓層減小而減小,對彎矩的影響先是增大,然后減小;脈沖地震動使框架柱很容易達到柱的抗彎能力,卻對柱的抗剪能力影響甚微。
[Abstract]:The frame structure is widely used because of its flexible space arrangement, simple and clear force, saving materials and so on. In nature, frequent earthquakes cause the greatest damage to buildings. However, most of the economic property loss and casualties in the earthquake are concentrated near the fault. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize and analyze the failure mode and mechanism of the near-fault frame structure. The work of this paper is as follows: 1. Firstly, the seismic characteristics of near fault ground are summarized. The seismic characteristics of near fault layer mainly include two parts. First, the vertical ground motion, which cannot be ignored, The peak acceleration of vertical ground motion sometimes reaches or exceeds the peak acceleration of horizontal ground motion. In order to study the effect of impulse ground motion on structural earthquake, the response spectrum and energy flow of pulsed ground motion and non-pulse ground motion are compared and analyzed. And the response spectrum of forward directional impulse ground motion and sliding motion. 2. The typical RC frame structure with four and eight layers is designed, and the analysis model is established by using ABAQUS software. The responses of two frame structures under vertical ground motion and pulsed ground motion are analyzed, and the effects of two near-fault seismic characteristics on the surface response of frame structures are analyzed. For the vertical ground motion, the Wenchuan earthquake is selected respectively. In Digu earthquake and Jiji earthquake, the ratio of vertical peak acceleration and horizontal peak acceleration is adjusted to be 10.5 and 0.0.The horizontal displacement of frame structure by vertical ground motion and the axial force of outer column and inner column at bottom of frame are analyzed. The results show that the vertical ground motion has little effect on the horizontal displacement of the structure, and the vertical ground motion has a great effect on the axial force of the column in each layer of the frame, but has no great effect on the lateral column of each layer. At the same time, because of the vertical ground motion, the frame structure column will appear tensile force, the vertical ground motion has no great influence on the bending ability, but has a great influence on the shear resistance of the column, especially the middle column. A total of 9 ground motions are selected according to the three types of forward directional ground motion, sliding impulse ground motion and non-pulse ground motion. The horizontal displacement of the frame structure caused by the pulse ground motion, the axial force of the outer column and the inner column at the bottom of the frame are analyzed. The results show that the interstory displacement angle is magnified by the pulsed ground motion. For the four-story structure, the maximum interstory displacement occurs at the bottom of the structure under the action of the front directional pulse ground motion and the sliding impulse ground motion. For the 8-story structure, the horizontal displacement of the front direction pulsed ground motion is no different from that of the non-pulse ground motion, and the sliding ground motion moves the maximum interlayer from the fourth layer of the first two layers to the second layer; the shearing force of the pulsed ground motion to the column, The influence of impulse ground motion on axial force, shear force and bending moment of column decreases rapidly with the increase of floor, and the influence of impulse ground motion on axial force of column is little for four-story structure, and for 8 story structure, the influence of impulse ground motion on axial force of column is less than that on axial force of column, and the influence of impulse ground motion on axial force of column is less than that on axial force of column. The effect of pulsed ground motion on axial force and shear force decreases with the decrease of floor, and the effect on bending moment increases and then decreases.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地震局工程力學(xué)研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU375.4;TU311.3

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