本文關鍵詞： 綠色基礎設施評估 社區(qū)綠色基礎設施 生態(tài)評估 指標　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：針對我國城市資源短缺、生態(tài)污染嚴重這一嚴峻形勢,生態(tài)文明建設作為我國一項戰(zhàn)略決策被寫入新的五年計劃中。而綠色基礎設施建設是構建城市生態(tài)文明的重要組成部分。目前我國綠色基礎設施評估相關研究主要集中在區(qū)域尺度,社區(qū)尺度的研究起步較晚,量化評估并不全面,所涉及的量化指標數(shù)量少,涵蓋范圍窄。已有量化指標主要以綠地率、人均公共綠地面積以及公共綠地內的喬灌比例這3類為核心,忽略了綠色基礎設施的生態(tài)特性�；诖�,本文針對我國當前社區(qū)綠色基礎設施評估不足,評估手段缺失等問題,通過國內外文獻梳理,得到初步指標集合。再依托調研問卷對指標集合進行篩選,依據生態(tài)學原理對指標進行重分類。最后,以哈爾濱市秋林地區(qū)為例,通過規(guī)劃前后秋林地區(qū)得分情況的對比,進行指標的校核與檢測。通過研究國內外相關文獻、法規(guī)等,選出國內外認可度高且具有權威性的評估體系共9個,國外主要是實際項目推廣體系,國內則是國家頒布的法規(guī)。對這9個評估體系中的指標依據頻度、重要程度和與社區(qū)綠色基礎設施生態(tài)評估的相關性等原則進行指標篩選,初步得到35個評估指標。為了提高評估指標的準確性與完整性,采用調研問卷的形式,對指標進行篩選。受訪人群主要是規(guī)劃設計師、景觀生態(tài)學專家和不同生態(tài)環(huán)境住區(qū)內的使用者。通過受訪人群的反饋意見,對上述35個評估指標,從不同角度分析篩選,最終剩余21個評估指標。通過研究景觀生態(tài)學、生態(tài)安全格局、景觀異質性、生態(tài)績效以及社會學等與綠色基礎設施生態(tài)評估指標分類相關理論,一一對應上述21個指標,解讀指標的深層含義。并依此,從安全格局和生態(tài)績效兩方面對指標進行重分類。安全格局類是從廊道、斑塊及網絡特性3個角度反映綠色基礎設施生態(tài)特性的;而生態(tài)績效則是通過量化綠色基礎設施,指導規(guī)劃的。再依據指標的具體類別得分情況,有針對性的對社區(qū)綠色基礎設施進行規(guī)劃與完善。本文通過研究建立了一個針對社區(qū)綠色基礎設施生態(tài)評估指標的定量化評估方法,從不同角度考慮社區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境所需,為我國社區(qū)綠色基礎設施生態(tài)規(guī)劃與設計提供依據。該指標完善了以往社區(qū)規(guī)劃中欠缺的部分,為我國城市生態(tài)環(huán)境建設提供參照標準,使我國在今后的社區(qū)生態(tài)規(guī)劃設計過程中,可參照此評估指標,指導社區(qū)生態(tài)建設,促進我國城市的生態(tài)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In view of our country city resources shortage, ecological pollution of this grim situation, the construction of ecological civilization is written as a new strategic decision in the five year plan. And green infrastructure construction is an important part of the construction of city ecological civilization. The green foundation of our facilities evaluation research mainly focused on the regional scale and the scale of community research started late, the quantitative evaluation is not comprehensive, quantitative indicators of quantity, scope is narrow. Quantitative indicators has been mainly to green rate, the per capita public green area and public green space in the proportion of the 3 kinds of shrubs as the core, ignoring the ecological characteristics of green infrastructure. Based on this, this paper in view of the current community green infrastructure assessment, assessment of lack of means, through the domestic and foreign literatures, the preliminary index set. Then relying on the questionnaire of index The set of screening indexes based on re classification of the principle of ecology. Finally, taking Harbin Qiulin area as an example, by comparing the scores before and after the planning Qiulin area, check and inspection index. Through the study of related literature at home and abroad, and regulations at home and abroad, choose the high degree of approval and authoritative evaluation system 9, the main foreign is the actual project promotion system, China is the country of law. According to the 9 frequency index in the evaluation system, index screening and degree of importance evaluation and community green infrastructure ecological relevance principle, 35 evaluation indexes obtained. In order to improve the accuracy and completeness of the evaluation index the use of research questionnaire of index screening. The surveyed population is mainly urban designers, landscape ecology and ecological environment of settlements of different experts within the user. By the feedback of the people, the 35 evaluation indexes from different angles of analysis and screening, the final remaining 21 evaluation indexes. Through the study of landscape ecology, ecological security pattern, landscape heterogeneity, ecological performance and sociology and green infrastructure ecological evaluation index classification theory, corresponding to the above 21 indicators the deep meaning, interpretation of indicators. And then, re classified from the security pattern and ecological performance index. The two aspects of security pattern is from the corridor, 3 angles of plaque and network characteristics reflect green infrastructure and ecological characteristics; and ecological performance is quantified through green infrastructure planning. On the basis of the specific category score index, targeted to the community of green infrastructure and perfect planning. This paper established a community green infrastructure for ecological assessment The method of quantitative assessment index, required from different perspectives to consider the community ecological environment, provide the basis for our country community green infrastructure, ecological planning and design. The index improved the previous lack of community planning in part, to provide a reference standard for the construction of the ecological environment of city of our country, make our country in the community ecological planning and design process in the future, can refer to this evaluation index, guide the construction of community ecology, promote ecological sustainable development of our city.

【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU985.125

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