本文關(guān)鍵詞： 大跨度鋼結(jié)構(gòu) 施工過程 數(shù)值模擬 分段吊裝 施工監(jiān)測　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：大跨度鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的一系列優(yōu)點使得這種結(jié)構(gòu)形式發(fā)展迅速。由于這種結(jié)構(gòu)形式的復(fù)雜性,大跨度鋼結(jié)構(gòu)在施工過程中會遇到許多不同的力學(xué)問題,結(jié)構(gòu)的內(nèi)力和位移在施工過程中會發(fā)生復(fù)雜的變化,如何保證結(jié)構(gòu)在施工過程中的安全可控以及施工完成后的結(jié)構(gòu)能夠滿足設(shè)計的要求,是大跨度鋼結(jié)構(gòu)施工過程研究的核心問題。本文以某實驗大廳的大跨度鋼屋蓋結(jié)構(gòu)為項目背景,對其鋼桁架的分段吊裝進行分析,了解結(jié)構(gòu)在施工過程中的內(nèi)力和位移的變化情況。本文總結(jié)了國內(nèi)外對大跨度鋼結(jié)構(gòu)施工過程的研究成果,簡要敘述了大跨度鋼結(jié)構(gòu)采用的主要的安裝方法以及較為先進的施工方法,施工過程中可能出現(xiàn)的力學(xué)問題和主要時變因素,剖析了大跨度鋼結(jié)構(gòu)施工過程的計算方法以及利用單元生死技術(shù)模擬施工過程的原理和優(yōu)缺點。本文利用大型通用有限元軟件ANSYS進行數(shù)值模擬,建立實驗大廳的屋蓋結(jié)構(gòu)的有限元模型,對結(jié)構(gòu)的原施工方案和修改后的施工方案分別進行施工過程的模擬,研究采用不同施工方法對結(jié)構(gòu)施工過程中安全性的影響,評估改變構(gòu)件安裝次序是否對整個結(jié)構(gòu)有利,并且分析結(jié)構(gòu)下部臨時支撐位置不同對結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)性能的影響。根據(jù)模擬計算結(jié)果,一次性加載、施工方案一(原施工方案)和施工方案二(部分構(gòu)件后安裝)的結(jié)構(gòu)的豎向位移和最大等效應(yīng)力均未超過設(shè)計要求;通過將兩種施工方案與一次性加載的情況進行對比分析,施工方案二的計算結(jié)果與一次性加載的情況差別較大,采用施工方案二會使結(jié)構(gòu)在施工完成后具有較大的豎向位移和等效應(yīng)力,且在桁架端部,即存在桿件后裝部位的上弦桿上出現(xiàn)較大的應(yīng)力;將兩種施工方案進行對比可知,采用部分構(gòu)件后裝的施工方法時,結(jié)構(gòu)在施工過程中會長時間處于較大應(yīng)力的情況,結(jié)構(gòu)的安全儲備較低;將同一方案下的兩榀桁架進行對比可知,只是臨時支撐位置不同的兩榀桁架在施工完成后會出現(xiàn)不同的位移和內(nèi)力情況,臨時支撐的位置布置合理會使結(jié)構(gòu)最后的性態(tài)更加符合設(shè)計要求。本文將計算值與實測值進行對比分析,分析產(chǎn)生誤差的原因,為后續(xù)桁架的安裝提供理論依據(jù)和參考性的建議,為保證結(jié)構(gòu)施工過程中的安全以及施工完成后能夠達到設(shè)計目標(biāo),后續(xù)桁架的施工盡量不要采用部分構(gòu)件后裝的施工方法,臨時支撐也應(yīng)采用與原施工方案中一致的布置方式。
[Abstract]:Because of the complexity of this kind of structure, the long span steel structure will meet many different mechanical problems in the process of construction. The internal force and displacement of the structure will undergo complex changes in the construction process. How to ensure the safety and control of the structure in the construction process and the structure after the construction can meet the design requirements. It is the core problem in the construction process of long span steel structure. This paper takes the large span steel roof structure of a laboratory hall as the project background and analyzes the steel truss segment hoisting. To understand the internal force and displacement of the structure in the construction process, this paper summarizes the domestic and foreign research results on the construction process of large-span steel structure. This paper briefly describes the main installation methods and advanced construction methods used in long span steel structures, the possible mechanical problems and main time-varying factors in the construction process. This paper analyzes the calculation method of the construction process of the long span steel structure and the principle, advantages and disadvantages of simulating the construction process by using the element birth and death technique. In this paper, the numerical simulation is carried out by using the large-scale universal finite element software ANSYS. The finite element model of the roof structure of the experimental hall is established, and the original construction scheme and the modified construction plan are simulated respectively. This paper studies the effect of different construction methods on the safety of the structure during construction, and evaluates whether changing the installation order of the components is beneficial to the whole structure. The influence of different temporary bracing positions on the mechanical properties of the structure is analyzed. According to the simulation results, the one-off loading is carried out. The vertical displacement and maximum equivalent stress of the structure of construction scheme 1 (original construction scheme) and construction scheme 2 (after installation of some components) do not exceed the design requirements; By comparing the two construction schemes with one-off loading, the calculation results of construction scheme two are quite different from that of one-off loading. The second construction scheme can make the structure have larger vertical displacement and equivalent stress after construction, and the stress will appear in the end of the truss, that is, the upper chord bar in the post of the member. By comparing the two construction schemes, it can be seen that the structure will be in large stress for a long time in the construction process, and the safety reserve of the structure will be low. The comparison of two trusses under the same scheme shows that only two trusses with different temporary bracing positions will have different displacement and internal force after the completion of construction. The reasonable placement of temporary braces will make the final behavior of the structure more in line with the design requirements. In this paper, the calculated value and the measured value are compared and analyzed to analyze the causes of the errors. For the subsequent installation of truss to provide theoretical basis and reference suggestions, in order to ensure the safety of the structure during the construction process and after the completion of the construction can achieve the design objectives. The following truss construction should not adopt the construction method of some members after installation, and the temporary support should also adopt the same arrangement as the original construction plan.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU758.11

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