本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于工程量清單計(jì)價(jià)的招投標(biāo)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理理論與方法研究　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 招投標(biāo) 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 工程量清單 不平衡報(bào)價(jià) 模糊綜合評價(jià)

【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力的進(jìn)步,市場競爭變得越來越激烈,加入WTO所帶來的市場割據(jù)和競爭日趨國際化。為了融入國際市場,我國引入FIDIC條款,并決定在招投標(biāo)過程中執(zhí)行工程量清單計(jì)價(jià)的方式,這一行為給建筑企業(yè)的招投標(biāo)過程帶來了大量的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),對于該如何減少風(fēng)險(xiǎn)帶來的損失,建筑企業(yè)需要認(rèn)真的研究,尤其是招投標(biāo)活動(dòng)中報(bào)價(jià)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理研究,更是格外的重要。首先,論文針對招投標(biāo)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理,闡述了項(xiàng)目風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、工程量清單計(jì)價(jià)模式下的招投標(biāo)及工程項(xiàng)目風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的理論知識(shí),并通過對國內(nèi)外研究資料的收集,總結(jié)了招投標(biāo)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的研究辦法,并通過總結(jié)發(fā)現(xiàn)招投標(biāo)活動(dòng)中投標(biāo)報(bào)價(jià)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)尤為嚴(yán)重。其次,為了接軌國際,我國在招投標(biāo)活動(dòng)中引入了工程量清單計(jì)價(jià)的模式。本文將招投標(biāo)過程分為招投標(biāo)準(zhǔn)備階段、招標(biāo)實(shí)施階段以及決標(biāo)成交階段,并從三個(gè)階段分別對技術(shù)標(biāo)和商務(wù)標(biāo)中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行識(shí)別,并有針對性的對招投標(biāo)過程中存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)逐個(gè)提出解決的辦法,為招標(biāo)人提供了有效可行的控制辦法,降低了招投標(biāo)過程中的損失。第三,在建筑工程施工招投標(biāo)活動(dòng)的眾多風(fēng)險(xiǎn)中,投標(biāo)報(bào)價(jià)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)影響較大。而投標(biāo)報(bào)價(jià)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)又包括串標(biāo)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和不平衡報(bào)價(jià)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。針對招投標(biāo)中串標(biāo)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)問題,本文建立了博弈矩陣,就投標(biāo)人是否參與陪標(biāo)和招標(biāo)人是否進(jìn)行檢查進(jìn)行了探討,該模型有效的解決了招投標(biāo)過程中串標(biāo)等不法行為的問題。同時(shí)針對當(dāng)前清單計(jì)價(jià)模式下招投標(biāo)活動(dòng)中不平衡報(bào)價(jià)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)問題,本文建立了不平衡報(bào)價(jià)識(shí)別體系。1)本文將層次分析法和模糊綜合評價(jià)法相結(jié)合,對類似工程與投標(biāo)工程的的相關(guān)性進(jìn)行了分析,獲得了類似工程的貼近度數(shù)據(jù)；2)在對相關(guān)性指標(biāo)進(jìn)行分析的過程中,考慮了專家的能力、經(jīng)驗(yàn)的局限性,運(yùn)用集值統(tǒng)計(jì)的方法對專家評價(jià)集進(jìn)行了區(qū)間估計(jì)最終得到估計(jì)值,使專家的評價(jià)集更加客觀；3)通過建立評標(biāo)指導(dǎo)價(jià),有效地排除了投標(biāo)人高于指導(dǎo)價(jià)的不合理報(bào)價(jià),同時(shí)建立了分項(xiàng)工程的綜合單價(jià)基準(zhǔn)價(jià),為商務(wù)標(biāo)的評比提供了依據(jù)；4)對于如何識(shí)別不平衡報(bào)價(jià),本文采用數(shù)學(xué)期望和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差的原理,對報(bào)價(jià)的離散程度進(jìn)行分析,并進(jìn)行不平衡度排序,為招標(biāo)人在評標(biāo)中分析不平衡報(bào)價(jià)提供新方法。
[Abstract]:With the progress of social productivity, the market competition becomes more and more fierce, and the market separation and competition brought about by China's entry into WTO are becoming more and more international. In order to integrate into the international market, China introduces the FIDIC clause. And decided in the bidding process to carry out the bill of quantities valuation, this behavior to the bidding process of construction enterprises brought a large number of risks, how to reduce the risk of loss. Construction enterprises need to seriously study, especially in the bidding activities of the risk management research, is particularly important. First, the paper for bidding risk management, elaborated the project risk. The theoretical knowledge of bidding and risk management of engineering projects under the mode of bill of quantities valuation, and through the collection of domestic and foreign research materials, the research methods of risk management of bidding and bidding are summarized. And through the summary found that bidding activities in the bidding risk is particularly serious. Secondly, in order to connect with the international. This paper divides the bidding process into the preparation stage, the implementation stage and the closing stage. And from the three stages to identify the risks in the technical bid and the commercial bid, and targeted to the process of bidding risk one by one to solve the method, for the tenderer to provide an effective and feasible control method. Reduce the losses in the bidding process. Third, in the construction of construction bidding activities of the numerous risks. The risk of bidding price is very important, and the risk of bidding price includes the risk of string bidding and the risk of unbalanced quotation. In view of the risk of string bidding in bidding, the game matrix is established in this paper. This paper discusses whether the bidder is involved in the bidding and whether the tenderee has carried out the inspection. This model effectively solves the problem of illegal behaviors such as string bidding in the bidding process, and at the same time, it aims at the risk of unbalanced quotation in bidding activities under the current list pricing mode. This paper establishes an unbalanced quotation identification system. 1) this paper combines AHP with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to analyze the correlation between similar projects and bidding projects. The closeness data of similar projects are obtained. 2) in the process of analyzing the correlation index, considering the ability of the expert and the limitation of the experience, the interval estimation of the expert evaluation set is carried out by using the method of set-valued statistics. Making the evaluation set of experts more objective; 3) by establishing the bid evaluation guidance price, the unreasonable quotation of the bidder higher than the guiding price is effectively eliminated, and the comprehensive unit price base price of the item project is established, which provides the basis for the commercial bid evaluation. 4) for how to identify the unbalanced quotation, this paper adopts the principle of mathematical expectation and standard deviation to analyze the discrete degree of the quotation, and to sort the imbalance degree. To provide a new method for the tenderer to analyze the unbalanced quotation in the bid evaluation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU723

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