本文關(guān)鍵詞：“韶山試驗”——鄉(xiāng)村人居環(huán)境有機更新方法與實踐　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：鄉(xiāng)村是中國歷史長河中永遠無法繞開的“根”,卻正面臨著人居環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟社會的雙重困境。因此,在提升鄉(xiāng)村居住和生活條件的基本要求之上,當前鄉(xiāng)村人居環(huán)境建設(shè)應(yīng)該以推動鄉(xiāng)村經(jīng)濟社會復(fù)興為根本導(dǎo)向。但是,當前國內(nèi)研究對此并未作出足夠的回應(yīng),存在人居環(huán)境建設(shè)理論與推動鄉(xiāng)村經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展目標相脫離的問題,在實踐上也頻現(xiàn)以社區(qū)過度集聚為代表的建設(shè)誤區(qū),無益甚至有害于鄉(xiāng)村經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展。為此,在當前國家進入以城帶鄉(xiāng)、以工促農(nóng)的新型城鄉(xiāng)關(guān)系時代背景下,本文以筆者親自參與的“韶山華潤希望小鎮(zhèn)”這一至今持續(xù)4年的鄉(xiāng)村建設(shè)實證案例為依托,采用了觀察參與、解釋分析、歸納總結(jié)等方法,嘗試建立以推動鄉(xiāng)村經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展為根本導(dǎo)向的人居環(huán)境有機更新方法。本文的主要成果可概括為：1,建立了以推動鄉(xiāng)村經(jīng)濟社會復(fù)興為導(dǎo)向的鄉(xiāng)村人居環(huán)境有機更新理念。首先從建筑學(xué)角度,對鄉(xiāng)村人居環(huán)境進行分析,將其分判為秩序、功能兩大屬性內(nèi)容,并按照宏觀至微觀順序,將秩序分為格局、肌理、形制、形式四個層級,將功能分為面域、點域兩個層級。引入“有機秩序”概念,指出有機秩序是傳統(tǒng)鄉(xiāng)村人居環(huán)境的重要特征。其次,通過對新型城鄉(xiāng)交換外部契機的解釋分析,提出鄉(xiāng)村人居環(huán)境作為鄉(xiāng)村內(nèi)部新價值體進入新型城鄉(xiāng)交換,以推動鄉(xiāng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展乃至社會復(fù)興的高度可能性,并明確了有機秩序、現(xiàn)代功能兼容并重是實現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)村人居環(huán)境新價值的必備特征條件。由此導(dǎo)出“有機秩序修護、現(xiàn)代功能植入”的有機更新理念。2,基于有機更新理念,以“韶山華潤希望小鎮(zhèn)”項目為依托,建構(gòu)了具體的鄉(xiāng)村人居環(huán)境有機更新策略,包括營建方式、合作機制兩方面,并從實踐出發(fā)進行詳細論述。首先,根據(jù)有機秩序退化與現(xiàn)代功能滯后的鄉(xiāng)村人居環(huán)境問題,有體系性地探討了營建方式,包括：采用“低度干預(yù)”方式進行村域整合,提出格局保育、肌理保護、面域現(xiàn)代功能嵌入的原則和措施；采用“本土融合”方式進行公共建筑設(shè)計營造,提出單元形制、建筑形式、現(xiàn)代公共功能與基地村落、周邊村落、湖湘地域的具體融合要求和原則；采用“原型+調(diào)適”方式進行農(nóng)宅更新,提出院落形制、建筑形式、居住功能三方面與鄉(xiāng)土性、現(xiàn)代性、經(jīng)濟性要求相接合的農(nóng)宅原型歸納辦法,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出農(nóng)宅原型調(diào)適過程中所采用的現(xiàn)狀農(nóng)宅建筑質(zhì)量評估與分類方法、“安全”與“加法”的農(nóng)宅更新原則、以及多樣模塊化的菜單選擇式原型調(diào)適措施。其次,根據(jù)基地鄉(xiāng)村經(jīng)濟社會現(xiàn)實困境,通過對鄉(xiāng)土建造、現(xiàn)代建造兩種合作模式的優(yōu)勢融合,提出了“鄉(xiāng)村更新共同體”的合作機制,并從實踐角度總結(jié)和闡述該共同體的基本架構(gòu)及其內(nèi)部整合關(guān)系、主要工作內(nèi)容與方式,以及在該共同體長期運作基礎(chǔ)上推動基地經(jīng)濟社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展與復(fù)興的“溢出效應(yīng)”。本研究不僅在方法層面上建立了鄉(xiāng)村人居環(huán)境有機更新的理念與策略,而且在實踐層面上,通過“以小見大”的方式,為當前緊迫而問題多現(xiàn)的鄉(xiāng)村(特別是原生農(nóng)業(yè)型鄉(xiāng)村)人居環(huán)境建設(shè),提供了一個比較詳實的實證研究樣本。這對充實“鄉(xiāng)村建筑學(xué)”的相關(guān)理論,促進鄉(xiāng)村的人居環(huán)境乃至經(jīng)濟社會全面、健康、長遠發(fā)展,可能具有一定的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:The country is a long history of China will never be able to bypass the "root", are facing the dilemma of living environment and economic society. Therefore, on the basis of the basic requirements to improve the rural living and living conditions, the current construction of rural human settlements should be to promote rural economic and social revival as the fundamental direction. However, the current domestic research has not been responding enough, there are theory of the construction of living environment and promote the goal of rural economic and social development from the problems in practice are also frequent in community construction as the representative of the excessive concentration of misunderstanding, not even harmful to the rural economic and social development. Therefore, in the current state into the village to the city to promote new agricultural the relationship between urban and rural areas under the background of this paper, I personally participate in the "Shaoshan Huarun Hope Town" which has 4 years of continuous rural construction case based on the In the observation, interpretation and analysis, summarizes the methods, try to establish the living environment of organic renewal method to stimulate rural economic and social development as the fundamental direction. The main results can be summarized as follows: 1, the establishment of the rural living environment to promote the concept of organic renewal of rural economic and social revival oriented. Firstly, from the angle of architecture, to the village the living environment is analyzed, the sub order, features two attributes, and in accordance with the macro to micro order, the order is divided into pattern, texture, shape, form four levels, will be divided into functional domain, domain two levels. The introduction of "organic order" concept, and points out that the organic order is an important feature of traditional human settlements. Secondly, based on the new urban and rural exchange external opportunity analysis, put forward rural living environment as a new value into the new village within the city to promote the exchange of Township, township High probability of village economic development and social Renaissance, and the organic order, modern function is the essential condition to realize the combination of characteristics of rural living environment. The new value derived "organic order repair,.2 organic renewal idea of modern functional implants, based on a machine to update the concept," Shaoshan Huarun Hope Town "project relying on the construction of rural human settlements and organic renewal of specific strategies, including the construction of two aspects, cooperation mechanism, and starting from the practice in detail. First, according to the problems of rural living environment degradation and modern organic order function lag, including the system of construction, the" low intervention "village domain integration, put forward the pattern of conservation, protection principles and measures of surface texture, modern embedded domain function; using the" local integration "approach to public buildings. Create a plan, put forward the unit shape, architectural form, modern public function and base village and surrounding villages, specific requirements and principles of Hunan regional integration; the "prototype + adjustment" of rural house renewal, put forward the courtyard building form, shape, function of living three and native, modern, rural housing prototype economy requirements of combining inductive methods, and on this basis, the status of rural house construction quality assessment of the rural housing prototype in the process of adaptation and classification method, the "safe" and "additive" farmhouse update principle, and many kind of modular menu selection prototype measures. Secondly, according to the base of the rural economy the plight of social reality, according to local construction, integration of modern construction two modes of cooperation advantages, put forward "the cooperation mechanism of rural renewal community", and from the angle of practice summary and elaboration of the community The basic structure and the internal relationship of integration, the main contents and methods, as well as in the community on the basis of the long-term operation base for promoting the sustainable development of economy and society and the revival of the "spillover effect". This research not only in the aspect of method established the idea and strategy of rural living environment and organic renewal, and in practice, through "the child is father of the man" the way for the current problem is urgent and the country (especially the primary agricultural villages) human settlements construction, provides a more detailed empirical research samples. The theories related to enrich the "rural architecture", improve rural living environment and economic and social comprehensive, healthy and long-term development, may has a certain significance.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU982.29

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本文編號：1379625