發(fā)布時間：2018-01-03 13:09

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：天然氣管道泄漏擴散過程光譜檢測影響分析　出處：《東北石油大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 天然氣管道 泄漏 擴散 激光 實驗

【摘要】：天然氣作為一種高效、清潔的優(yōu)質(zhì)能源,在全世界范圍內(nèi)廣泛使用,但天然氣屬于危險氣體,其高濃度聚集在空氣中容易爆炸。目前,天然氣主要通過管道運輸,但由于其輸送距離長、輸送環(huán)境復雜等因素,導致管道破損、斷裂等引起的天然氣泄漏事件時有發(fā)生,造成了能源浪費、導致了環(huán)境污染,甚至產(chǎn)生爆炸、火災等事故危及人們生命安全。目前,激光檢測技術(shù)具有可高空、快速非接觸等優(yōu)點,在天然氣管道泄漏檢測中具有潛在的應用背景,但由于管道泄漏天然氣擴散過程及天然氣本身光譜特性對激光檢測技術(shù)存在著一定的影響,導致其推廣應用尚存在著一系列技術(shù)問題。因此,進行天然氣泄漏擴散過程及其天然氣光譜檢測研究對發(fā)展天然氣管道泄漏激光檢測技術(shù)具有重要應用價值和學術(shù)意義�？紤]到天然氣管道泄漏過程中氣體擴散影響因素眾多,而激光檢測技術(shù)受其擴散過程影響以及檢測條件限制,本文主要分析了架空和埋地天然氣管道泄漏擴散對其光譜檢測的影響,首先確定了其仿真模型并分析了不同條件對泄漏過程的影響,在此基礎上計算研究了天然氣光譜檢測的影響因素,通過搭建的天然氣泄漏檢測實驗臺分別從理論和實驗角度對天然氣擴散光譜檢測進行了研究,為今后開展激光檢測天然氣擴散規(guī)律和管道泄漏測試提供了理論支持,本文主要進行了以下幾方面的工作:1.通過分析天然氣管道泄漏氣體射流特點,結(jié)合激光檢測技術(shù)原理,探討了天然氣管道泄漏過程中氣體擴散特性與其光譜特性之間的關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系。2.建立了架空天然氣管道泄漏擴散模型,數(shù)值研究了泄漏天然氣空中擴散特性,在此基礎上分析了其對天然氣光譜特性測量的影響,通過研究獲得了檢測高度、檢測時間、泄漏口大小、泄漏口位置、管道壓力和風速等對天然氣擴散光譜檢測的影響規(guī)律。3.建立了埋地天然氣管道泄漏擴散模型,數(shù)值研究了泄漏天然氣在土壤中的擴散特性,在此基礎上分析了其對天然氣光譜特性地面測量的影響,通過研究獲得了檢測高度、泄漏口大小以及風速等對天然氣擴散光譜檢測的影響規(guī)律。4.通過搭建的天然氣擴散光譜檢測試驗臺,測量了泄漏天然氣擴散過程的光譜特性,分析了檢測距離對其檢測的影響。通過本文的研究,獲得了架空和埋地天然氣管道泄漏擴散過程中不同因素對其激光檢測的影響規(guī)律,為天然氣管道泄漏激光檢測技術(shù)發(fā)展提供了一定的參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Natural gas as a clean energy efficient, high quality, widely used in the whole world, but natural gas is a dangerous gas, the high concentrations of explosive in the air. At present, the natural gas transported by pipeline, but due to the long distance transportation, transportation complex environment and other factors, resulting in pipeline breakage, fracture as a result of the gas leakage occurs, resulting in a waste of energy, leads to environmental pollution, and even explosion, fire and other accidents endanger the life safety of people. At present, the laser detection technology has the advantages of high, fast and non-contact etc., in the natural gas pipeline leak detection has potential applications, but because the pipeline the leakage of natural gas diffusion and natural gas spectral characteristics has certain effect on the laser detection technology, the application still exists a series of problems. Therefore, natural Gas leakage diffusion has important application value and academic significance of the detection process and gas leak detection technology of laser spectroscopy. Considering the development of natural gas pipeline natural gas pipeline leakage in the process of gas diffusion is affected by many factors, and the laser detection technology restricted the diffusion process and detection conditions, this paper mainly analyzes the overhead and underground gas pipeline leakage and diffusion effect on the spectrum detection, first determine the simulation model and analyzes the effect of different conditions on the leakage process, calculated on the basis of study on the influential factors of natural gas spectral detection, by building a natural gas leak detection experiment respectively from the aspects of theory and experiment on natural gas diffusion spectrum detection the research for the future development of laser detection on gas diffusion and pipeline leakage test provides theoretical support for this paper The following work: 1. through the analysis of the leakage of gas jet characteristics of natural gas pipeline, combined with the principle of laser detection technology, discusses the natural gas pipeline leakage in the process of gas diffusion between the properties and the spectral characteristics of the relationship of.2. to establish the overhead gas pipeline leakage and diffusion model, numerical study of air diffusion characteristics of a natural gas leak, this based on the analysis of the influence on the measurement of spectral characteristics of natural gas, through the study of the detection of leak detection time, height, size, leak location, pipeline pressure and wind speed on the gas diffusion effect of.3. spectrum detection was established for buried gas pipeline leakage and diffusion model, numerical study on the diffusion characteristics of natural leakage the gas in the soil, on the basis of the analysis of its impact on the natural gas spectral characteristics of ground measurements, obtained through the research and detection of high degree of leakage The gate size and wind speed on the gas diffusion effect of.4. spectrum spectral diffusion test through the structures of natural gas, the spectral characteristics of the leakage of natural gas diffusion process was measured, analyzed the influence of detection distance on the detection. Through this study, the overhead and underground gas pipeline leakage and diffusion of different factors in the process of influence on the laser detection, provide some reference for the development of natural gas pipeline leakage detection technology of laser.

【學位授予單位】：東北石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TU996

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本文編號：1374008