【摘要】：農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展是我國國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重中之重,國家不斷重視農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展,從2004至2015年,連續(xù)11年發(fā)布以“三農(nóng)”為主題的中央一號文件,兵團也不斷強調(diào)“三農(nóng)”發(fā)展在兵團現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展過程中的重要地位,確定以農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)為中心的發(fā)展思路。農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織作為兵團現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展過程中的重要組織載體和新型組織模式,對兵團現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展有著重要影響。在“大眾創(chuàng)新、萬眾創(chuàng)業(yè)”背景下,以創(chuàng)新推動兵團農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織的發(fā)展,是推進農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營體制機制創(chuàng)新的現(xiàn)實需要,也是促進團場職工多元增收、促進原連隊居住區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展、推進精準(zhǔn)扶貧的有效載體,是促進大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新的有效平臺。目前兵團農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織大多處于起步階段,由于其規(guī)模小、管理機制不健全、抗風(fēng)險性弱等因素的影響,在發(fā)展中面臨著融資難的問題,融資難已成為制約合作社發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵因素,解決其融資問題是現(xiàn)階段急需解決的首要問題。本文首先闡述了農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織融資的相關(guān)概念,描述了兵團農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀,其次,通過對91家農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織的問卷調(diào)查,對兵團農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織融資現(xiàn)狀和融資困境進行分析,從農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織、金融機構(gòu)、政府機構(gòu)三方面深入研究造成農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織融資困境的原因,并提出解決農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織融資困境的對策建議。通過研究得出以下幾個方面的結(jié)論:(1)內(nèi)源性融資是兵團農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織融資主要來源,76.9%農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織的資金來源渠道主要是通過內(nèi)部積累;23.1%的農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織主要通過財政支持和金融機構(gòu)貸款進行融資。(2)雙創(chuàng)背景下兵團農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織存在融資申請難、融資成本高和融資風(fēng)險高的困境。(3)兵團農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織融資困境的成因分為農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織、金融機構(gòu)和政策環(huán)境三個層面。農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織層面:農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織規(guī)模小,運作機制不規(guī)范;風(fēng)險防范性差,推高信貸風(fēng)險;自身信用低,貸款抵押不足。金融機構(gòu)層面:涉農(nóng)金融服務(wù)體系不健全、信貸資源分配不均衡;金融機構(gòu)有效供給不足,金融產(chǎn)品單一;擔(dān)保體系不健全。政策環(huán)境層面:政府支持力度不夠;考核制度不健全,政策實施缺乏時效;融資擔(dān)保服務(wù)平臺不健全。(4)雙創(chuàng)背景下有利于兵團農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織融資的因素有農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織規(guī)模的擴大、經(jīng)營效益的提高、業(yè)務(wù)范圍的擴大,農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織的評定等級的提升以及經(jīng)營模式及業(yè)務(wù)的創(chuàng)新。(5)解決兵團農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織融資困境可以從專業(yè)組織、金融機構(gòu)及政府政策三個層面著手。農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織層面:加強品牌建設(shè),提高自身融資能力;加強信用管理,建立良好的銀企關(guān)系。金融機構(gòu)層面:創(chuàng)新金融機構(gòu)業(yè)務(wù)流程和授信管理;加快金融組織體系建設(shè),拓寬融資渠道;創(chuàng)新融產(chǎn)品,豐富信貸方式;政府政策層面:加強對農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織宣傳和培訓(xùn),強化管理監(jiān)督;完善配套設(shè)施,加快農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織創(chuàng)新發(fā)展;加大對農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織的扶持力度;拓寬融資渠道,完善農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)組織信貸體系;加強金融監(jiān)管,創(chuàng)新投融資平臺建設(shè)。
[Abstract]:The development of agriculture is the top priority of the development of our national economy, and the state pays great attention to the development of agriculture. From the period of 2004 to 2015, the first document on the theme of "rural and rural areas" is issued in 11 consecutive years, and the Corps also continuously emphasizes the important position of the "rural and rural areas" development in the development of the modern agricultural development of the Corps. The development idea of the construction of the agricultural modernization as the center is determined. As an important organization carrier and new organization model in the process of the modern agriculture development of the Corps, the agricultural professional organization has an important influence on the development of the modern agriculture of the Corps. in that context of the "public innovation and the whole business", the innovation of the development of the agricultural professional organization of the regiment is the realistic need to promote the innovation of the agricultural operation system mechanism, and the effective carrier for promoting the transformation and development of the original company's residential area and promoting the precision poverty alleviation, and is an effective carrier for promoting the development of the mass entrepreneurship, The effective platform of the innovation of the whole world. At present, most of the agricultural specialized organizations of the Corps are in the initial stage, because of the small scale, the management mechanism is not sound, the anti-risk is weak and so on, the problem of financing difficulty is faced in the development, the financing difficulty has become a key factor to restrict the development of the cooperative, To solve the problem of financing is the first problem that needs to be solved at this stage. This paper first expounds the related concepts of the financing of agricultural professional organizations, describes the current situation of the development of the agricultural professional organizations of the Corps, and then, through the questionnaire of the 91 agricultural professional organizations, analyzes the financing status and the financing dilemma of the agricultural professional organizations of the Corps, and from the agricultural professional organizations, The three aspects of the financial institutions and government agencies have studied the causes of the financing difficulties of the agricultural professional organizations, and put forward some countermeasures to solve the problems of the financing of the agricultural professional organizations. The conclusions are as follows: (1) endogenous financing is the main source of the financing of the agricultural professional organizations of the Corps, and 76.9% of the sources of funds of the agricultural professional organizations are mainly accumulated through the inside; 23.1 per cent of agricultural professional organizations are financed mainly through financial support and financial institutions' loans. (2) The difficulty of financing application, high financing cost and high financing risk in the agricultural professional organizations of the Corps in Shuang-chuang background. (3) The cause of the financing dilemma of the agricultural professional organizations of the Corps is divided into three levels: the agricultural professional organization, the financial institution and the policy environment. The agricultural professional organization level: the small scale and the operation mechanism of the agricultural professional organizations are small, the risk prevention is poor, the credit risk is pushed up, the credit is low, and the loan mortgage is insufficient. The financial institutions level: the non-sound financial service system of the agriculture-related financial services and the uneven distribution of the credit resources; the effective supply of the financial institutions is insufficient; the financial products are single; and the guarantee system is not sound. Policy environment level: the government support is not enough; the assessment system is not sound, the policy implementation is lack of time limitation; the financing guarantee service platform is not sound. (4) The factors contributing to the financing of the agricultural professional organizations of the Corps under the double-created background are the expansion of the scale of the agricultural professional organizations, the improvement of the operation efficiency, the expansion of the business scope, the improvement of the evaluation grade of the agricultural professional organizations, and the innovation of the operation mode and the business. (5) The difficulty of the financing of the agricultural professional organizations of the Corps can be set out from the three aspects of the professional organization, the financial institution and the government policy. The agricultural professional organization level: strengthen the brand construction, improve the self-financing ability, strengthen the credit management, and establish a good bank-enterprise relationship. At the financial institution level: to innovate the business process and credit management of financial institutions; to speed up the construction of the financial organization system and to broaden the financing channels; to innovate and melt the products and to enrich the way of credit; the government policy level: to strengthen the publicity and training of the agricultural professional organizations, to strengthen the management and supervision, and to improve the supporting facilities, We should speed up the innovation and development of the agricultural professional organizations, increase the support to the agricultural professional organizations, broaden the financing channels and improve the credit system of the agricultural professional organizations, and strengthen the construction of the financial supervision and innovation and financing platform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F832.4

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