【摘要】：2016年10月1日,人民幣正式加入特別提款權(quán)貨幣籃子。這是國際貨幣基金組織首次將發(fā)展中國家的主權(quán)貨幣加入貨幣籃子。人民幣加入貨幣籃子之后,籃子中美元占比41.73%,歐元是30.93%,人民幣占10.92%,日元的比例是8.33%,剩下的8.09%為英鎊。新興經(jīng)濟體的崛起,為全球經(jīng)濟注入新的活力,以中國為代表的發(fā)展中國家對世界經(jīng)濟增長作出的巨大貢獻不容忽視。人民幣納入貨幣籃子,標志著人民幣得到國際社會的認可,人民幣在今后會與其他主要貨幣一同發(fā)揮國際儲備貨幣的職能。這是人民幣國際化的里程碑,也標志著國際貨幣體系改革邁出了重要的一步,這將會對國際貨幣體系和中國產(chǎn)生深遠的影響。關于人民幣加入貨幣籃子產(chǎn)生的影響,主要從三個方面進行分析。第一部分考察了對特別提款權(quán)自身帶來的影響。特別提款權(quán)自設立以來,存在許多缺陷。在國際儲備體系中占有的比重非常小,沒有很好地發(fā)揮它的作用。其次,貨幣籃子中原有的四種貨幣都來自于發(fā)達國家,在世界多極化發(fā)展的大環(huán)境下,不能滿足世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的需要,也無法滿足新興經(jīng)濟體的訴求。人民幣加入貨幣籃子之后,將會增強特別提款權(quán)的代表性,進一步提高其穩(wěn)定性和合理性,特別提款權(quán)在未來會發(fā)揮更大的作用。第二部分分析了對國際貨幣體系的影響。國際貨幣體系經(jīng)過一系列改革之后,依然存在著如儲備貨幣以美元為主,匯率波動不穩(wěn)定等內(nèi)在穩(wěn)定性缺陷。人民幣納入貨幣籃子,會增加儲備貨幣種類的多元化,提高國際儲備體系的穩(wěn)定性,減少國際匯率的波動幅度,對國際貨幣體系的改革起到極大地推動作用。第三部分研究了對我國的影響。人民幣納入貨幣籃子是人民幣國際化取得的成就之一,同時會進一步促進人民幣國際化。人民幣成為國際儲備貨幣,將會提升中國的國際地位,增強中國在國際經(jīng)濟事務中的話語權(quán)。由于中國的金融市場發(fā)展還不夠成熟,人民幣納入貨幣籃子會倒逼我國金融制度的改革,加速資本項目可兌換。人民幣加入貨幣籃子對于我國的影響是多方面的,不僅有積極作用,還帶來了一定的風險。我國在加速改革開放的同時,會受到投機資本的沖擊。此外匯率的大幅波動會對國內(nèi)金融市場產(chǎn)生一定的影響。文章的最后對全文總結(jié)并提出對策建議。我國應該全面提高金融機構(gòu)的抗風險能力,有效創(chuàng)新貨幣政策,合理加強貨幣管理,大力發(fā)展實體經(jīng)濟,穩(wěn)步推進各項改革,為人民幣提供更加堅實的國內(nèi)基礎和發(fā)展后盾。
[Abstract]:On October 1, 2016, the RMB formally joined the basket of SDR currencies. This is the first time the IMF has added a developing country's sovereign currency to the basket. After the yuan joined the basket, the dollar was 41.73, the euro was 30.933, the yuan was 10.92, the yen was 8.33, and the remaining 8.09 percent was sterling. The rise of emerging economies has injected new vitality into the global economy, and the tremendous contributions made by developing countries, represented by China, to world economic growth cannot be ignored. The inclusion of the yuan in the basket marks the international recognition of the yuan, which will act as an international reserve currency alongside other major currencies in the future. This is a milestone in the internationalization of the renminbi and marks an important step forward in the reform of the international monetary system, which will have a profound impact on the international monetary system and on China. The impact of RMB joining the currency basket is analyzed from three aspects. The first part examines the impact on SDR itself. Since the SDR was established, there have been many shortcomings. The international reserve system occupies a very small proportion and does not play its role well. Secondly, the original four currencies in the basket come from developed countries. Under the environment of multi-polar development of the world, they can not meet the needs of world economic development, nor can they meet the demands of emerging economies. When the yuan joins the basket, it will enhance the representativeness of SDRs, which will play a greater role in the future. The second part analyzes the impact on the international monetary system. After a series of reforms, the international monetary system still has some inherent stability defects, such as the dollar as the reserve currency and the instability of the exchange rate. The inclusion of RMB in the basket of currencies will increase the diversity of reserve currencies, improve the stability of the international reserve system, reduce the fluctuation of international exchange rates, and play a great role in promoting the reform of the international monetary system. The third part studies the influence on our country. The inclusion of RMB in the currency basket is one of the achievements of RMB internationalization and will further promote RMB internationalization. The renminbi's role as an international reserve currency will enhance China's international position and its voice in international economic affairs. Since China's financial market is not mature enough, the inclusion of RMB in the currency basket will force the reform of China's financial system and speed up capital account convertibility. The impact of RMB joining the basket on our country is not only positive, but also brings some risks. Our country accelerates the reform and opening at the same time, will suffer the speculative capital impact. In addition, large fluctuations in the exchange rate will have a certain impact on domestic financial markets. Finally, the article summarizes the full text and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions. China should comprehensively improve the ability of financial institutions to resist risks, effectively innovate monetary policy, reasonably strengthen monetary management, vigorously develop the real economy, and steadily push forward various reforms so as to provide a more solid domestic foundation and backing for the development of RMB.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F832.6

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