【摘要】：小額貸款公司是一種源于民間資本的金融組織形式創(chuàng)新,近年來以其便捷、迅速、靈活等特征如雨后春筍般急劇發(fā)展。小額貸款公司有效緩解了中小企業(yè)融資難的問題,同時還為“三農(nóng)”的發(fā)展提供了必要的資金支持,它不僅促進(jìn)了我國金融服務(wù)體系的發(fā)展,而且能夠讓更多的民間資本有機(jī)會進(jìn)入金融領(lǐng)域。雖然小額貸款公司發(fā)展迅猛,但是在這個過程當(dāng)中也暴露出一系列的缺陷問題,比如一些小額貸款公司由于自身經(jīng)營管理水平不足導(dǎo)致大量貸款無法收回而不得不暴力收貸;還有一些小額貸款公司發(fā)展到一定階段后就開始面臨后續(xù)資金供給不足的問題,為了滿足貸款需求而變相吸收存款甚至非法融資。外部監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)面對這些問題卻無力管控,其根本原因之一是小額貸款公司的法律地位模糊而導(dǎo)致監(jiān)管責(zé)任界定不清。2015年8月,國務(wù)院法制辦為了引導(dǎo)包括小額貸款公司在內(nèi)的非存款類放貸組織規(guī)范經(jīng)營而發(fā)布了一個條例——《非存款類放貸組織條例(征求意見稿)》(以下簡稱《條例》)。該條例屬于行政法規(guī),相對于2008公布的《小額貸款公司試點(diǎn)的指導(dǎo)意見》,在法律層面上又提升了一個級別,這一定程度上代表了小額貸款公司已進(jìn)入了規(guī)范發(fā)展的新階段。在嶄新的階段和背景下,小額貸款公司內(nèi)外部環(huán)境正在發(fā)生急劇變化,如何引導(dǎo)小額貸款公司在新的環(huán)境中不斷發(fā)展成為學(xué)者們探究的重點(diǎn)。財(cái)務(wù)戰(zhàn)略是公司整體戰(zhàn)略中必不可少的組成部分,正確制定科學(xué)有效的財(cái)務(wù)戰(zhàn)略是實(shí)現(xiàn)公司目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵。完善的財(cái)務(wù)戰(zhàn)略可以有效整合公司財(cái)務(wù)資源,提高公司財(cái)務(wù)彈性,為公司的可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供資金保障。因此,本文選擇小額貸款公司財(cái)務(wù)戰(zhàn)略為研究對象,綜合梳理小額貸款公司內(nèi)外部環(huán)境,并結(jié)合經(jīng)濟(jì)新常態(tài)下財(cái)務(wù)戰(zhàn)略制定原則,對小額貸款公司的財(cái)務(wù)戰(zhàn)略制定過程中出現(xiàn)的問題進(jìn)行深入研究,旨在為小額貸款行業(yè)陽光規(guī)范發(fā)展提供一定的指引作用。引言部分闡述了本文的研究背景、國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、研究意義、研究思路和方法以及研究框架。第二部分結(jié)合理論知識,并以政策文件為線索,詳細(xì)地梳理了小額貸款公司的發(fā)展歷程;同時對財(cái)務(wù)戰(zhàn)略相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行梳理,主要包括財(cái)務(wù)戰(zhàn)略的類型、財(cái)務(wù)戰(zhàn)略制定的影響因素等。本文第三部分分析了現(xiàn)階段我國小額貸款公司面臨的新環(huán)境,主要分為經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境、行業(yè)競爭環(huán)境和內(nèi)部經(jīng)營環(huán)境,并指出發(fā)展中存在的機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn),此為小額貸款公司財(cái)務(wù)戰(zhàn)略的分析部分。本文的第四部分是依據(jù)小額貸款公司生命周期的時間序列展開的,主要是針對其財(cái)務(wù)戰(zhàn)略的制定與選擇等問題進(jìn)行深入探討,第五部分是戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施與評價部分。本文選擇小額貸款公司為財(cái)務(wù)戰(zhàn)略分析的載體,深入分析了小額貸款公司制定財(cái)務(wù)戰(zhàn)略過程中出現(xiàn)的各種問題,有針對性地為小額貸款行業(yè)的健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供一些可行的理論建議,同時普及財(cái)務(wù)戰(zhàn)略思想在各類主體的財(cái)務(wù)管理中的運(yùn)用。
[Abstract]:The microfinance company is a kind of financial organization innovation derived from the folk capital. In recent years, the microfinance company has developed rapidly with its convenience, rapid, flexible and so on. The microfinance company has effectively relieved the problem of financing for small and medium-sized enterprises, and also provided the necessary financial support for the development of "three rural". It not only promoted me. The development of the national financial service system can make more private capital have the opportunity to enter the financial field. Although the microfinance company has developed rapidly, it also exposes a series of defects in this process, such as the lack of a large number of loans due to the lack of management level of some microfinance companies. In order to meet the demand of the loan, some small loan companies have developed to a certain stage to absorb deposits and even illegal financing in order to meet the demand for loans. The external regulators are unable to control these problems. One of the fundamental reasons is the legal status model of the microfinance company. In August.2015, the legal office of the State Council issued a regulation to guide non deposit lending organizations including microfinance companies, including the non deposit lending organization Ordinance (hereinafter referred to as the regulations) (hereinafter referred to as the regulations). The regulations belong to the administrative regulations and are published relative to 2008. In a new stage and background, the internal and external environment of the microfinance company is changing, and how to guide the small loan company to be new in the new stage and background. The continuous development of the environment has become the focus of the scholars. The financial strategy is an essential part of the company's overall strategy. The key to achieving the company's goal is to make a correct and effective financial strategy. The perfect financial strategy can effectively integrate the financial resources of the company, improve the financial flexibility of the company, and provide the sustainable development of the company. Therefore, this paper chooses the financial strategy of the small loan company as the research object, comprehensively combs the internal and external environment of the microfinance company, and combines the principles of financial strategy formulation under the new normal economy, and makes an in-depth study on the problems arising in the financial strategy formulation process of the microfinance company, aiming at the sunshine of the microfinance industry. The introduction explains the background of the research, the current research situation at home and abroad, the research significance, the research ideas and methods and the research framework. The second part combines the theoretical knowledge and the policy documents as the clue, and details the development process of the microfinance companies; at the same time, the financial strategy is related to the theory of financial strategy. The third part analyzes the new environment of microfinance companies in China at the present stage, mainly divided into economic environment, industry competition environment and internal management environment, and points out the opportunities and challenges in the development of microfinance companies. This is a small loan company. The fourth part of this paper is based on the time series of the life cycle of the microfinance company, mainly focusing on the formulation and selection of its financial strategy, and the fifth part is the implementation and evaluation of the strategy. This article chooses the small loan company as the carrier of the financial strategy analysis. This paper analyzes various problems in the process of making financial strategy of small loan companies, and provides some feasible theoretical suggestions for the healthy and sustainable development of the microfinance industry. At the same time, it will popularize the use of financial strategy in the financial management of various types of subjects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F832.39

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