本文選題：農(nóng)村資金外流 + 農(nóng)村金融��； 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)長期處于落后狀態(tài),破解城鄉(xiāng)“二元經(jīng)濟(jì)”難題,促進(jìn)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展都離不開農(nóng)村金融的支持,因?yàn)檗r(nóng)村金融是農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)“造血”功能的必要保障。2006年以后我國農(nóng)村金融市場化改革從試點(diǎn)區(qū)域推廣到了全國,農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)的資產(chǎn)規(guī)模、物理網(wǎng)點(diǎn)數(shù)都得到大幅度提升,但是農(nóng)村金融運(yùn)作模式和金融工具創(chuàng)新以及配套政策措施卻相對滯后于資本擴(kuò)張的速度,致使無法有效發(fā)揮金融功能對當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)村地區(qū)進(jìn)行有效投資,也未能提高資金在農(nóng)村使用過程的效率,因此農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)擴(kuò)張過程中伴隨著大量資金外流。大量農(nóng)村資金外流不利于農(nóng)村本地的資本的積累與經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展,并且擠占了很多當(dāng)?shù)匕l(fā)展農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的投資機(jī)會。本文先從農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展和資金外流的趨勢和現(xiàn)狀出發(fā),將農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展歷程和農(nóng)村資金外流的趨勢特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了梳理。然后,從機(jī)制角度分析農(nóng)村金融導(dǎo)致資金外流的原因。經(jīng)過現(xiàn)狀分析和機(jī)制分析后,整理2005-2012年縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù),收集了全國登記注冊的216839個金融機(jī)構(gòu)網(wǎng)點(diǎn)信息,按照我國縣域行政區(qū)作為整合依據(jù),將縣域新增金融網(wǎng)點(diǎn)數(shù)的分布構(gòu)建成農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)擴(kuò)張的多年動態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)�；诿姘骞潭ㄐ�(yīng)模型和工具變量模型等計(jì)量方法,分析了各類型的農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)在政策紅利條件下,其規(guī)模擴(kuò)張對農(nóng)村資金外流的影響情況。研究表明:第一,發(fā)現(xiàn)受到農(nóng)村金融市場化影響,農(nóng)村金融激增對農(nóng)村地區(qū)資金向本地區(qū)之外流動影響比較顯著。第二,農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)對資金外流造成影響并非完全一致的。通過地域和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)程度劃分東部、中部、西部地區(qū)分別進(jìn)行資金外流的測算,發(fā)現(xiàn)東部地區(qū)資金外流不明顯,且存在資金回流的跡象,這說明東部農(nóng)村地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)較好資金外流速度較慢。中部和西部地區(qū)成為了資金流出的重點(diǎn)地區(qū)。第三,在農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)大肆擴(kuò)張的同時農(nóng)村地區(qū)資金源源不斷的流到大中城市或者金融市場,農(nóng)村資金比重越高的地區(qū)資金外流更加顯著,這說明資金外流較高比例來自農(nóng)村地區(qū)。農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展的本質(zhì)目標(biāo)是發(fā)揮充分發(fā)揮金融中介功能,將農(nóng)村資金投入到當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)中以實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村金融改革對“三農(nóng)”扶持。本文認(rèn)為將農(nóng)村資金外流問題緣由籠統(tǒng)歸于農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)比較片面。本文建議從以下三個方面來著力改善農(nóng)村資金外流問題:一是建立健全支農(nóng)金融體系來控制農(nóng)村資金外流;二是通過大力改善農(nóng)村投資環(huán)境吸引資金回流;三是營造切合農(nóng)村金融與農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)“造血”發(fā)展的模式。
[Abstract]:China's rural economy has been in a backward state for a long time. To solve the problem of "dual economy" in urban and rural areas and to promote the development of rural economy can not be separated from the support of rural finance. Because rural finance is the necessary guarantee for rural economy to realize "hematopoiesis" function. Since 2006, the market-oriented reform of rural finance in China has been extended from the pilot area to the whole country. The scale of assets and the number of physical sites of rural financial institutions have been greatly increased. However, the mode of rural financial operation, the innovation of financial instruments and the supporting policies and measures lag behind the speed of capital expansion, which makes it impossible to make effective investment in the local rural areas by giving full play to the financial function. It also failed to improve the efficiency of the use of funds in rural areas, so the expansion of rural financial institutions accompanied by a large amount of capital outflow. A large amount of rural capital outflow is not conducive to the accumulation of rural capital and the sustainable development of the economy, and it occupies a lot of local investment opportunities to develop rural economy. Based on the trend and present situation of rural financial development and capital outflow, this paper combs the development course of rural finance and the trend characteristics of rural capital outflow. Then, from the mechanism angle, analyzes the rural finance causes the fund outflow reason. After analyzing the current situation and mechanism, collating the county economic data from 2005 to 2012, collecting the information of 216839 financial institution outlets registered in the whole country, according to the county administrative region of our country as the basis of integration, The distribution of the new financial network points in the county area is constructed as the dynamic data of the expansion of rural financial institutions for many years. Based on the panel fixed effect model and the tool variable model, this paper analyzes the influence of the scale expansion of various rural financial institutions on the rural capital outflow under the condition of policy dividend. The results show that: first, it is found that the surge of rural finance has a significant impact on the flow of funds to the outside of the rural areas under the influence of the marketization of rural finance. Second, the impact of rural financial institutions on capital outflows is not entirely consistent. By dividing the region and the degree of economic development into the eastern, central and western regions, the capital outflow is calculated separately. It is found that the capital outflow in the eastern region is not obvious, and there are signs of capital flowing back. This indicates that the economic base of the eastern rural areas is better than the speed of capital outflow. The central and western regions have become key areas for capital outflows. Third, while rural financial institutions are expanding wantonly, funds in rural areas continue to flow to large and medium-sized cities or financial markets. The higher the proportion of rural funds, the more significant the outflow of funds from areas is. This shows that a high proportion of capital outflows come from rural areas. The essential goal of rural financial development is to give full play to the function of financial intermediation and put rural funds into the local economic construction in order to realize the rural financial reform to support the "three rural areas". This paper holds that the reasons for the outflow of rural funds are generally attributed to the rural financial institutions. This paper proposes to improve the outflow of rural funds from the following three aspects: first, to establish and improve the financial system for supporting agriculture to control the outflow of rural funds; Third, to create a suitable rural finance and rural economy, "hematopoiesis" development model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F832.35

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