本文選題：俄羅斯　切入點(diǎn)：金融監(jiān)管　出處：《中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院研究生院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：金融是市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下資源配置的有效手段,是現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)的核心。但是金融體系本身具有極大的不穩(wěn)定性,其中存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)具有傳染性,可能蔓延至全球金融系統(tǒng)的各個(gè)部門,甚至波及實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì),造成破壞力巨大的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)。有效的金融監(jiān)管制度可以保持貨幣穩(wěn)定、防范風(fēng)險(xiǎn)傳播、促進(jìn)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)健增長(zhǎng)。蘇聯(lián)解體以后,俄羅斯的金融制度進(jìn)行了根本性改革,建立了兩級(jí)銀行體制,發(fā)展了金融市場(chǎng)。2008年的全球金融危機(jī)使全世界認(rèn)識(shí)到金融監(jiān)管的重要性,以及對(duì)現(xiàn)有金融監(jiān)管制度改革的必要性。危機(jī)后出臺(tái)的巴塞爾協(xié)議III代表了國(guó)際金融監(jiān)管改革的新趨勢(shì),包括鞏固與提升資本充足率標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、增添杠桿率指標(biāo)監(jiān)管、加強(qiáng)防范流動(dòng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、提高宏觀審慎監(jiān)管的能力等等。為順應(yīng)這些趨勢(shì),提高監(jiān)管效率,增強(qiáng)對(duì)系統(tǒng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的防范能力,2013年7月,俄羅斯總統(tǒng)普京簽署法案,決定組建隸屬央行的統(tǒng)一大金融市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu),終結(jié)了多頭監(jiān)管模式,已經(jīng)建立了涵蓋市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入原則、業(yè)務(wù)運(yùn)營(yíng)監(jiān)管、市場(chǎng)退出機(jī)制等內(nèi)容的、比較完善的金融監(jiān)管制度。改革開放以來(lái),中國(guó)的金融制度和金融監(jiān)管制度也進(jìn)行了一系列根本性改革。與俄羅斯不同,中國(guó)現(xiàn)行的“一行三會(huì)”的金融監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置模式構(gòu)成了對(duì)金融業(yè)分業(yè)監(jiān)管的格局,存在一定程度的職能重疊、協(xié)作失調(diào),容易引發(fā)金融機(jī)構(gòu)的監(jiān)管套利等行為,越來(lái)越不適應(yīng)金融業(yè)混業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)的狀況與趨勢(shì)。俄羅斯金融監(jiān)管制度對(duì)中國(guó)金融監(jiān)管改革的具有一定程度的啟示意義,包括:引入功能監(jiān)管的理念、加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)協(xié)調(diào)合作,完善存款保險(xiǎn)制度及金融機(jī)構(gòu)市場(chǎng)退出機(jī)制等。
[Abstract]:Finance is the effective means of resource allocation under the market economy condition and the core of modern economy.However, the financial system itself is highly unstable, and the risks are contagious and may spread to all sectors of the global financial system, even to the real economy, causing a devastating global economic crisis.Effective financial supervision system can maintain monetary stability, prevent risk spreading and promote steady growth of real economy.After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia's financial system was fundamentally reformed, a two-tier banking system was established and financial markets were developed. The global financial crisis of 2008 made the world realize the importance of financial regulation,And the necessity of reforming the existing financial supervision system.The Basel III after the crisis represents the new trend of the international financial supervision reform, including consolidating and improving the capital adequacy standard, increasing the regulation of leverage ratio, strengthening the prevention of liquidity risk, improving the ability of macro-prudential supervision and so on.In order to respond to these trends, improve regulatory efficiency and enhance the ability to guard against systemic risks, in July 2013, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a bill that decided to set up a unified large financial market regulator under the central bank, ending the long regulatory model.A more perfect financial supervision system has been established covering market access principle, business operation supervision, market exit mechanism and so on.Since the reform and opening up, China's financial system and financial supervision system has also carried out a series of fundamental reforms.Unlike Russia, China's current "one line, three sessions" model of financial regulatory institutions constitutes a pattern of separate supervision of the financial sector, with a certain degree of overlapping functions and imbalance of coordination.It is easy to cause financial institution's regulation arbitrage and so on, which is more and more unsuitable for the situation and trend of financial mixed operation.The Russian financial supervision system has some enlightenments to the reform of China's financial supervision, including introducing the concept of functional supervision, strengthening the coordination and cooperation of the regulatory bodies, perfecting the deposit insurance system and the market withdrawal mechanism of financial institutions, and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院研究生院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F831.1

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