【摘要】：在20世紀(jì)60年代,歐洲國(guó)家提出“貿(mào)易便利化特別計(jì)劃”,自此貿(mào)易便利化作為一個(gè)國(guó)際議題,逐漸被越來越多的國(guó)家和地區(qū)加以重視。在貿(mào)易便利化不斷發(fā)展的同時(shí),國(guó)際服務(wù)貿(mào)易也得到了世界各國(guó)的普遍關(guān)注。雖然針對(duì)便利化對(duì)貨物貿(mào)易的影響研究較多,但也有一些研究表明其影響也存在于服務(wù)貿(mào)易當(dāng)中。我國(guó)在經(jīng)濟(jì)新常態(tài)下正試圖通過便利化措施大力發(fā)展服務(wù)貿(mào)易這一短板。但是許多貿(mào)易便利化措施仍然處于一種形式主義且缺少貿(mào)易便利化的相關(guān)理論體系,因此貿(mào)易便利化如何對(duì)服務(wù)貿(mào)易產(chǎn)生影響就成為了此文的關(guān)注點(diǎn)。論文在系統(tǒng)梳理了不同組織框架下對(duì)貿(mào)易便利化的解釋及其相關(guān)理論的基礎(chǔ)上,詳盡闡述了貿(mào)易便利化的發(fā)展歷程,進(jìn)而將研究重點(diǎn)聚焦于貿(mào)易便利化對(duì)服務(wù)貿(mào)易的影響機(jī)制。在實(shí)證分析方面,以世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇的測(cè)評(píng)體系作為基礎(chǔ),考慮到貨物貿(mào)易對(duì)服務(wù)貿(mào)易的影響和服務(wù)貿(mào)易的特殊因素兩個(gè)方面,對(duì)服務(wù)貿(mào)易便利化進(jìn)行定量分析。進(jìn)而利用定量分析得出的便利化指標(biāo),通過引力模型,運(yùn)用跨國(guó)面板數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行實(shí)證研究。通過實(shí)證分析得出了以下結(jié)論：第一,當(dāng)一個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)越是處于發(fā)達(dá)水平時(shí),其相應(yīng)的貿(mào)易便利化的水平越高,這主要表現(xiàn)在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家；2014年貿(mào)易便利化指標(biāo)評(píng)分排名較高者分別為新家坡(5.9)、香港特區(qū)(5.5)、荷蘭(5.3),而經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力相對(duì)較弱的發(fā)展中國(guó)家甚至欠發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家,如俄羅斯(3.5)、尼日利亞(3.1)、委內(nèi)瑞拉(2.8)的貿(mào)易便利化水平較低；中國(guó)(4.3)屬于一般便利,相對(duì)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家來說還相距甚遠(yuǎn)。第二,貿(mào)易便利化對(duì)一國(guó)服務(wù)貿(mào)易有顯著的促進(jìn)作用,而且貿(mào)易便利化水平越低,其對(duì)服務(wù)貿(mào)易進(jìn)出口的促進(jìn)作用越大。因此一國(guó)或地區(qū)可以通過提高貿(mào)易便利化水平使得服務(wù)貿(mào)易得到更好的發(fā)展。最后,根據(jù)實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)的結(jié)果,論文認(rèn)為,加強(qiáng)口岸的外匯體制改革,是推動(dòng)服務(wù)貿(mào)易便利化的關(guān)鍵,并從改革外匯管理、完善港口建設(shè)、匹配海關(guān)監(jiān)管、推廣電子商務(wù)、便利商務(wù)人員流動(dòng)等方面以及我國(guó)服務(wù)貿(mào)易的發(fā)展提出相應(yīng)的政策建議。
[Abstract]:In the 1960s, European countries put forward the "Special Plan for Trade Facilitation". Since then, trade facilitation, as an international issue, has been paid more and more attention by more and more countries and regions. With the continuous development of trade facilitation, international trade in services has also been widely concerned by all countries in the world. Although there are many studies on the impact of facilitation on trade in goods, there are also some studies that show that the impact also exists in trade in services. Under the new normal of economy, China is trying to develop service trade through facilitation measures. However, many trade facilitation measures are still in a formalism and lack of relevant theoretical system of trade facilitation, so how trade facilitation has an impact on trade in services has become the focus of this paper. On the basis of systematically combing the interpretation of trade facilitation under different organizational frameworks and its related theories, this paper expounds in detail the development process of trade facilitation, and then focuses on the impact mechanism of trade facilitation on trade in services. In the aspect of empirical analysis, based on the evaluation system of the World Economic Forum, taking into account the impact of trade in goods on trade in services and the special factors of trade in services, this paper makes a quantitative analysis of the facilitation of trade in services. Then using the facilitation index obtained by quantitative analysis, through the gravity model, the use of transnational panel data for empirical research. Through empirical analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: first, when the economy of a country or region is at the developed level, the higher the level of trade facilitation, which is mainly manifested in developed countries; The highest ranking of trade facilitation indicators in 2014 was Xinjiapo (5.9), Hong Kong Special Administrative region (5.5) and the Netherlands (5.3), while developing countries with relatively weak economic strength and even less developed countries, such as Russia (3.5), Nigeria (3.1) and Venezuela (2.8), had lower levels of trade facilitation. China (4.3) is generally convenient and far apart from developed countries. Second, trade facilitation plays a significant role in promoting a country's service trade, and the lower the level of trade facilitation, the greater its role in promoting the import and export of service trade. Therefore, a country or region can improve the level of trade facilitation to make trade in services better developed. Finally, according to the results of empirical test, the paper holds that strengthening the reform of foreign exchange system at ports is the key to promote the facilitation of service trade, and puts forward some corresponding policy suggestions from the aspects of reforming foreign exchange management, perfecting port construction, matching customs supervision, promoting electronic commerce, facilitating the movement of commercial personnel and the development of service trade in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F746.18

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