【摘要】：21世紀(jì)以來(lái),人類已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了以知識(shí)為主要生產(chǎn)要素的“知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)”時(shí)代。知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)給國(guó)際貿(mào)易帶來(lái)了重大變革,知識(shí)密集型產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的貿(mào)易比重逐年增大,知識(shí)要素已經(jīng)成為各國(guó)取得國(guó)際貿(mào)易比較優(yōu)勢(shì)的重要因素。2015年我國(guó)貨物出口貿(mào)易額蟬聯(lián)世界第一,但是知識(shí)密集型產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的出口貿(mào)易,相對(duì)美國(guó)等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家處于劣勢(shì)地位。在該背景下,研究知識(shí)要素對(duì)我國(guó)出口貿(mào)易的影響,對(duì)我國(guó)出口貿(mào)易規(guī)模的擴(kuò)張和出口貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。本文在總結(jié)知識(shí)與貿(mào)易相關(guān)的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究成果和經(jīng)典理論的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合定性和定量的分析方法,圍繞知識(shí)要素對(duì)我國(guó)出口貿(mào)易的影響進(jìn)行了研究。本文從定性角度探討了知識(shí)要素的內(nèi)涵和知識(shí)“租金”的具體表現(xiàn)形式以及知識(shí)要素對(duì)出口貿(mào)易的影響機(jī)理,并對(duì)我國(guó)知識(shí)水平和出口貿(mào)易現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了描述。本文采用主成分分析方法確定指標(biāo)的權(quán)重,計(jì)算出了我國(guó)1994-2015年歷年的知識(shí)指數(shù);然后將知識(shí)指數(shù)和我國(guó)出口貿(mào)易的有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了平穩(wěn)性、協(xié)整和Granger因果檢驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明:知識(shí)要素與我國(guó)出口貿(mào)易之間存在著長(zhǎng)期均衡關(guān)系,并且知識(shí)要素是我國(guó)貨物出口貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)和出口貿(mào)易規(guī)模的Granger原因。通過(guò)VAR脈沖響應(yīng)和方差分解分析以及一元線性回歸分析得到:知識(shí)要素能夠顯著優(yōu)化貨物出口貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu),提高知識(shí)密集型產(chǎn)品的出口比重,并促進(jìn)貨物出口貿(mào)易與服務(wù)出口貿(mào)易的規(guī)模擴(kuò)張。最后本文根據(jù)知識(shí)要素對(duì)我國(guó)出口貿(mào)易影響的實(shí)證研究結(jié)果,分別從國(guó)家層面和企業(yè)層面提出了對(duì)策建議。
[Abstract]:Since the 21 st century, mankind has entered the era of knowledge-based economy with knowledge as the main factor of production. Knowledge economy has brought great changes to international trade, and the proportion of knowledge-intensive products and services is increasing year by year. The knowledge factor has become an important factor for countries to obtain the comparative advantage of international trade. In 2015, China's export volume of goods was ranked first in the world, but the export trade of knowledge-intensive products and services was at a disadvantage compared with the developed countries such as the United States. Under this background, the study of the influence of knowledge elements on China's export trade has certain guiding significance for the expansion of China's export trade scale and the optimization of export trade structure. On the basis of summing up the domestic and foreign research results and classical theories of knowledge and trade, combining qualitative and quantitative analysis methods, this paper studies the influence of knowledge elements on China's export trade. From a qualitative point of view, this paper discusses the connotation of knowledge elements and the concrete forms of knowledge "rent" and the influence mechanism of knowledge elements on export trade, and describes the level of knowledge and the current situation of export trade in China. In this paper, the principal component analysis (PCA) method is used to determine the weight of the index, and the knowledge index for the calendar year 1994-2015 is calculated, and then the smoothness, cointegration and Granger causality test of the knowledge index and the relevant data of China's export trade are carried out. The results show that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between the knowledge elements and China's export trade, and the knowledge elements are the Granger reasons for the structure of China's export trade in goods and the scale of export trade. Through VAR impulse response, variance decomposition analysis and univariate linear regression analysis, it is concluded that knowledge elements can significantly optimize the export structure of goods and increase the export proportion of knowledge-intensive products. And promote the scale expansion of goods export trade and service export trade. Finally, according to the empirical results of the impact of knowledge factors on China's export trade, this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions from the national level and the enterprise level.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F752.62

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