本文選題：自我選擇效應(yīng) + 出口學(xué)習(xí)效應(yīng)　； 參考：《浙江工商大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速有所放緩,逐漸邁入“轉(zhuǎn)型”特殊時(shí)期。2014年第四季度GDP,相比去年,由7.6%的同比增長(zhǎng)速度降低為7.3%。而2014年我國(guó)居民人均可支配收入20167元,比上年名義增長(zhǎng)10.1%。就不同部門而言,出口企業(yè)員工工資水平大體上遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于本土企業(yè)員工工資水平,成為行業(yè)內(nèi)翹楚。出口企業(yè)的高工資水平與其高生產(chǎn)率和豐富的管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)密不可分,且二者具體作用機(jī)制可歸納為出口學(xué)習(xí)效應(yīng)和自我選擇效應(yīng)。但是企業(yè)產(chǎn)出中出口比例大小是否對(duì)企業(yè)出口溢價(jià)程度有所影響呢?針對(duì)我國(guó)特殊的出口產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu),有必要根據(jù)出口密度的不同,對(duì)出口企業(yè)進(jìn)行分類,分別測(cè)算不同出口密度的企業(yè)出口溢價(jià)程度,為促進(jìn)我國(guó)出口行業(yè)和出口產(chǎn)品的結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)提供理論基礎(chǔ)。本文以中國(guó)當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)走勢(shì)下貿(mào)易對(duì)工資的溢出效應(yīng)為切入點(diǎn),旨在考察貿(mào)易發(fā)展以及出口密度對(duì)勞動(dòng)收入分配的影響,試圖解釋以下兩個(gè)核心問(wèn)題：第一,制造業(yè)出口工資溢價(jià)效應(yīng)發(fā)生的路徑是什么,出口學(xué)習(xí)效應(yīng)還是自我選擇效應(yīng)?第二,制造業(yè)的出口密度差異對(duì)勞動(dòng)收入分配的影響機(jī)理和傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制是什么?本文將從勞動(dòng)分配差異等現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題出發(fā),在對(duì)關(guān)于企業(yè)異質(zhì)性貿(mào)易理論的文獻(xiàn)梳理和評(píng)論的基礎(chǔ)上,利用2001—-2009年工業(yè)企業(yè)微觀數(shù)據(jù),首先,檢驗(yàn)中國(guó)制造業(yè)中出口企業(yè)的出口工資溢價(jià)現(xiàn)象的存在性；其次,研究出口企業(yè)自我選擇效應(yīng)和出口學(xué)習(xí)效應(yīng)的作用機(jī)制和對(duì)勞動(dòng)收入分配的貢獻(xiàn)程度；最后,針對(duì)不同出口密度的出口企業(yè),檢驗(yàn)其出口工資溢價(jià)大小。本文的內(nèi)容安排如下：第一章為導(dǎo)論。第二章整理有關(guān)的理論背景,并綜述了目前學(xué)術(shù)界有關(guān)出口與工資水平方面的理論和實(shí)證分析的主要文獻(xiàn)。第三章為實(shí)證分析,包括變量選取與解釋、數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源以及實(shí)證模型的構(gòu)建。第四章則為具體的實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)以及結(jié)論總結(jié),并指出了不足之處和進(jìn)一步研究的方向。第五章針對(duì)以上現(xiàn)象和研究結(jié)論提出若干政策建議。本文的主要結(jié)論如下：具有較高工資水平的企業(yè)由于自我選擇效應(yīng)而優(yōu)先進(jìn)入國(guó)際市場(chǎng),并通過(guò)出口學(xué)習(xí)效應(yīng)在一定程度上進(jìn)一步提高了企業(yè)的工資水平。一方面,從企業(yè)總體的角度出發(fā),我們發(fā)現(xiàn),出口企業(yè)相對(duì)于非出口企業(yè)存在顯著的出口工資溢價(jià)效應(yīng),這與傳統(tǒng)異質(zhì)性企業(yè)理論相符。另一方面,從出口密度的角度上看,由于以生產(chǎn)率低而出口密度高為主要特征的加工出口企業(yè)的存在,使得我國(guó)具有出口密度差異企業(yè)的出口工資溢價(jià)程度不全相同。我國(guó)生產(chǎn)率較高的低出口密度企業(yè)存在工資溢價(jià)現(xiàn)象,這與一般出口企業(yè)相關(guān),而生產(chǎn)率低的高出口密度企業(yè)則沒(méi)有工資溢價(jià)效應(yīng),且不存在學(xué)習(xí)效應(yīng),這是由于受到加工出口企業(yè)的影響�？偨Y(jié)而言,貿(mào)易具有較為顯著的勞動(dòng)收入分配效應(yīng)。與現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)相比,本文可能的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)在于：(1)本文在總結(jié)國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)研究的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合傳統(tǒng)貿(mào)易理論、新新貿(mào)易理論和企業(yè)異質(zhì)性理論,以自我選擇效應(yīng)和出口學(xué)習(xí)效應(yīng)兩個(gè)視角分別研究企業(yè)工資水平與出口行為的深層關(guān)系,分析貿(mào)易的收入分配效應(yīng)。(2)鑒于出口行為對(duì)具有不同出口密度的行業(yè)的勞動(dòng)收入影響可能存在差異,本文在考察貿(mào)易對(duì)勞動(dòng)收入分配影響的同時(shí),對(duì)出口密度不同的行業(yè)進(jìn)行了考察。
[Abstract]:China's economic growth has slowed down, gradually entering the special period of "transformation" in the fourth quarter of.2014, GDP, compared with last year, the growth rate of 7.6% was reduced to 7.3%., and the per capita disposable income of China's residents was 20167 yuan in 2014. Compared with the previous year's nominal increase of 10.1%., the wage level of the employees in the export enterprises was substantially higher than that of the previous year. The wage level of the employees of local enterprises has become the top priority in the industry. The high wage level of the export enterprises is closely related to the high productivity and rich management experience. The specific mechanism of the two parties can be summed up as the export learning effect and the self selection effect. But whether the export proportion of the enterprise output has a shadow on the degree of the export premium of the enterprise has some effect. In view of the special export structure of our country, it is necessary to classify the export enterprises according to the different export density, calculate the export premium degree of the enterprises with different export density, and provide the theoretical basis for the promotion of the structure upgrading of the export industry and export products in China. The spillover effect is the breakthrough point to examine the effects of trade development and the export density on labor income distribution, and try to explain the following two core issues: first, what is the path of the wage premium effect in the manufacturing export, the export learning effect or the self selection effect? Second, the difference in the export density of the manufacturing industry to the labor income What are the mechanism and transmission mechanism of the impact of distribution? This article will start from the practical problems such as the difference of labor distribution and so on. On the basis of reviewing and reviewing the literature on the theory of enterprise heterogeneity trade, using the micro data of industrial enterprises in 2001 to -2009 years, first, check the deposit of the export wage premium of the export enterprises in the Chinese manufacturing industry. Secondly, we study the mechanism of the self selection effect and the export learning effect of export enterprises and the contribution degree to the distribution of labor income. Finally, the export wage premium for export enterprises with different export density is tested. The contents of this paper are as follows: the first chapter is the introduction. The second chapter collates the relevant theoretical background, The main literature on the theoretical and empirical analysis of export and wage level in the academic circle is summarized. The third chapter is an empirical analysis, including the selection and interpretation of variables, the data source and the construction of the empirical model. The fourth chapter is the concrete empirical test and conclusion, and points out the shortcomings and further research directions. The fifth chapter puts forward some policy suggestions in view of the above phenomena and conclusions. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: the enterprises with higher wages are given priority to the international market because of their self choice effect, and the wage level of enterprises is further improved through the effect of export learning. On the one hand, the overall angle of the enterprise is from the overall angle of the enterprise. On the other hand, from the point of view of the export density, the export density is the main characteristic of the low productivity and the export density is the main characteristic of the export enterprises, which makes China have the export density. The export wage premium of different enterprises is not all the same. There is a wage premium in low export density enterprises with high productivity in our country, which is related to the general export enterprises, while the high export density enterprises with low productivity have no wage premium effect and do not have the learning effect, which is due to the influence of the export enterprises. Compared with the existing literature, the possible innovation points of this paper are as follows: (1) on the basis of summarizing the relevant literature at home and abroad, this paper combines the traditional trade theory, the new new trade theory and the theory of enterprise heterogeneity, and divides it into two perspectives: self selection effect and export learning effect. Do not study the deep relationship between the wage level and the export behavior of the enterprise and analyze the income distribution effect of trade. (2) in view of the difference in the effect of export behavior on the labor income of industries with different export density, this paper examines the effects of trade on the distribution of labor income and examines the industries with different export density.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F752.62;F272.92

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