本文選題：食用植物油 + 貿易��； 參考：《東北農業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：植物油是中國居民的生活必需品之一,而目前中國食用植物油的自給率仍不足40%,60%以上依賴進口,可見中國對植物油進口的依賴程度非常高。根據新華網報道,到2024年國內食用植物油消費達到3300萬噸左右,大豆油、菜籽油、棕櫚油、花生油消費所占比重約為50%、25%、7%、9%,這四種食用植物油消費占食用植物油總消費比例將達到91%。因此了解中國食用植物油在國際市場上的比較優(yōu)勢和競爭力狀況對提高中國食用植物油的競爭力,維護中國食用植物油的產業(yè)安全具有重要意義�；诖�,本文以比較優(yōu)勢理論、要素稟賦理論以及國家競爭優(yōu)勢理論為基礎,選擇了1996-2014年間大豆油、花生油、菜籽油、棕櫚油以及葵花籽油五種主要的食用植物油品種的相關數據,采用顯性比較優(yōu)勢指數(RCA)、相對貿易優(yōu)勢指數(RTA)、顯示性競爭力指數(RC)、貿易競爭優(yōu)勢指數(TC)四個指標對中國食用植物油貿易競爭力情況進行實證研究。本文對中國食用植物油貿易現狀的分析發(fā)現,中國花生油、大豆油、菜籽油產量居世界前列,產量規(guī)模不斷擴大;中國植物油的進口近些年來出現了急劇的增加,目前中國已經成為植物油的凈進口國;中國植物油出口價格與進口價格相比沒有價格優(yōu)勢,出口規(guī)模小。對其競爭力情況的研究表明,從顯性比較優(yōu)勢的結果來看,除了花生油外其余四種食用植物油均沒有比較優(yōu)勢;如果將進口加以考慮,相對貿易優(yōu)勢指數和顯示性競爭力指數除花生油以外均為負值,這表明,相對于進口產品,中國生產的食用植物油國際貿易比較劣勢更加明顯,可見中國食用植物油產品與其他進口產品相比處于比較劣勢的狀態(tài);貿易競爭優(yōu)勢指數研究結果也表明中國食用植物油的競爭力優(yōu)勢正在喪失,未來形勢會更加嚴峻。最后,本文根據“鉆石模型”,從要素條件、需求條件、相關產業(yè)及支持產業(yè)、企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略、結構和競爭對手以及政府和機會維度對影響中國食用植物油貿易競爭力的因素進行了分析,提出了增加高級要素的投入力度、實行差異化品牌策略、促進相關支持產業(yè)集聚發(fā)展、提高企業(yè)自身的競爭優(yōu)勢、政府完善法律法規(guī)、實施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略等相應的對策建議。
[Abstract]:Vegetable oil is one of the necessities of daily life in China, but the self-sufficiency rate of edible vegetable oil in China is still less than 40%, which shows that China is highly dependent on the import of vegetable oil. According to Xinhuanet, domestic consumption of edible vegetable oil will reach 33 million tons by 2024. The proportion of consumption of soybean oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil and peanut oil is about 50%. The consumption of these four kinds of edible vegetable oil will account for 91% of the total consumption of edible vegetable oil. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand the comparative advantage and competitive status of Chinese edible vegetable oil in the international market to improve the competitiveness of Chinese edible vegetable oil and to maintain the industrial safety of Chinese edible vegetable oil. Based on the comparative advantage theory, factor endowment theory and national competitive advantage theory, this paper selects soybean oil, peanut oil and rapeseed oil from 1996 to 2014. Data on five major edible vegetable oils, palm oil and sunflower seed oil, The dominant comparative advantage index (RCAA), the relative trade advantage index (RTAA), the indicative competitiveness index (RCN) and the trade competitive advantage index (TC) were used to study the trade competitiveness of edible vegetable oil in China. This paper analyzes the present situation of China's edible vegetable oil trade and finds that the production of peanut oil, soybean oil and rapeseed oil in China is among the highest in the world, and the output scale is constantly expanding, and the import of Chinese vegetable oil has increased sharply in recent years. At present, China has become a net importer of vegetable oil; the export price of vegetable oil in China has no price advantage compared with import price, and the export scale is small. Studies of their competitiveness show that, based on the results of explicit comparative advantage, none of the four edible vegetable oils except peanut oil have comparative advantages; if imports are taken into account, Both the relative trade advantage index and the indicative competitiveness index are negative except peanut oil, which shows that the international trade disadvantage of edible vegetable oil produced by China is more obvious than that of imported products. It can be seen that Chinese edible vegetable oil products are at a comparative disadvantage compared with other imported products. The results of trade competitive advantage index also show that the competitive advantage of Chinese edible vegetable oil is losing and the situation will be more severe in the future. Finally, according to the "diamond model", this paper analyzes the factors, demand, related industries, supporting industries and enterprise strategies. The factors influencing the competitiveness of Chinese edible vegetable oil trade are analyzed in terms of structure and competition, as well as government and opportunity dimension. It is put forward to increase the input of advanced factors and implement the strategy of differentiated brand. To promote the development of industrial agglomeration, to improve the competitive advantage of enterprises, to improve laws and regulations, to implement the strategy of "going out" and so on.
【學位授予單位】：東北農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F426.82;F752.6

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