本文選題：生產率 + 出口學習效應�。� 參考：《大連理工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國的改革開放取得了巨大的成就,出口已經成為帶動中國經濟發(fā)展的引擎之一。在出口的過程中,我國涌現出了一大批具有先進技術的產業(yè)和企業(yè),但是也有一些企業(yè)的經營受到國際市場波動的影響。當前國內外學者在異質性企業(yè)貿易理論的影響下,采用不同的數據和及計量方法去研究出口過程中的自選擇效應和出口學習效應,得出的結論也各不相同。本文則從生產率分布的分位點角度去研究出口與生產率的問題,并試圖修正之前理論和實證研究中的一些紕漏。文章首先把出口學習效應納入到異質性企業(yè)貿易理論的分析框架下,把自選擇效應和出口學習效應融合到一個理論模型中,同時指出自選擇效應主要作用于生產率的低分位點,會使其分布產生左斷尾現象,而出口學習效應則使得生產率分布整體向右移動,并給出了兩種效應對生產率影響的圖形表示。接下來本文使用傾向得分匹配的方法,克服樣本選擇偏誤和內生性問題,測度出樣本考察期間出口行為可以提升0.231個單位的生產率,分年份結果則顯示這種促進作用會隨著年份的增加而減少,甚至在后期產生負面影響。隨后的圖形識別法顯示出口企業(yè)生產率分布有左斷尾現象,從而證實了自選擇效應的存在；而其生產率分布在后期沒有右移動的現象,從而說明出口學習效應在考察后期并不存在,此外文章通過比較生產率高低分位點的數值亦得出同樣的結論。接下來文章進行了分位數回歸以及穩(wěn)健性檢驗,控制其他因素之后,依然得出了自選擇效應存在,而出口學習效應不存在的結論。文章還對出口學習效應不存在的原因進行了分析,加工貿易和勞動密集型企業(yè)的存在導致了這種現象。最后文章就實證結果提出了一些政策上的建議。
[Abstract]:China's reform and opening up has made great achievements, export has become one of the engines of China's economic development. In the process of export, a large number of industries and enterprises with advanced technology have emerged in our country, but there are also some enterprises whose operation is affected by the fluctuation of international market. At present, under the influence of heterogeneous enterprise trade theory, scholars at home and abroad adopt different data and measurement methods to study the self-selection effect and export learning effect in the process of export, and the conclusions are different. In this paper, the problem of export and productivity is studied from the point of view of productivity distribution, and some flaws in previous theoretical and empirical studies are tried to be corrected. In this paper, the export learning effect is first incorporated into the analysis framework of heterogeneous firm trade theory, and the self-selection effect and export learning effect are integrated into a theoretical model. At the same time, it is pointed out that the self-selection effect mainly acts on the low-score sites of productivity. The distribution will cause the phenomenon of left tail break, while the export learning effect will make the productivity distribution move to the right as a whole, and the graphic representation of the two effects on productivity is given. Then we use the tendency score matching method to overcome the sample selection bias and endogenous problems, and measure that the export behavior can increase the productivity of 0.231 units during the sample investigation. The year-by-year results showed that the promotion would decrease with the increase of years, or even have a negative effect in the later stage. Subsequently, the graph recognition method shows that the productivity distribution of export enterprises has left tail break phenomenon, which confirms the existence of self-selection effect, and its productivity distribution does not move to the right in the later period. It is shown that the export learning effect does not exist in the later period of investigation, and the same conclusion is obtained by comparing the values of high and low productivity loci. After controlling for other factors, the conclusion is that the self-selection effect exists, but the export learning effect does not exist. The paper also analyzes the reasons why the export learning effect does not exist, which is caused by the existence of processing trade and labor-intensive enterprises. Finally, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions on the empirical results.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F752.62

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本文編號：1849353