本文選題：行為經(jīng)濟學(xué) + 非理性消費��； 參考：《延安大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：20世紀(jì)中后期以來,西方經(jīng)濟學(xué)中涌現(xiàn)出了一股反思理性的思潮,并逐漸引起了經(jīng)濟學(xué)界廣泛的關(guān)注,以“心理學(xué)和經(jīng)濟學(xué)”名稱而出現(xiàn)的交叉學(xué)科領(lǐng)域的研究成果逐漸形成較為系統(tǒng)的理論框架和主要觀點。傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟學(xué)對于消費理論的研究主要是利用預(yù)算約束和無差異曲線制定了效用最大化的條件,并在理性經(jīng)濟人的前提下,將個人的消費選擇表述為:行為人在一定條件的約束下做出選擇,并以追求效用最大為目標(biāo)。對消費者而言,具體表現(xiàn)為:在預(yù)算約束的條件下進行一組商品的消費,使其評價的效用函數(shù)最大化。但是在現(xiàn)實經(jīng)濟生活中,還存在一個廣闊的非理性選擇領(lǐng)域,包括非理性消費行為,無法用傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟學(xué)理論作出合理解釋。在這樣一個大背景下,許多學(xué)者將目光轉(zhuǎn)向行為經(jīng)濟學(xué),試圖以新的分析框架解決非理性選擇行為。行為經(jīng)濟學(xué)將行為分析理論和經(jīng)濟運行規(guī)律以及心理學(xué)的相關(guān)研究成果有機地融合在一起,對傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟學(xué)模型中的漏洞進行了探索,并且修補了主流經(jīng)濟學(xué)關(guān)于理性經(jīng)濟人、完全信息、效用最大化及偏好穩(wěn)定性等基本假定的不足之處。行為經(jīng)濟學(xué)對非理性消費研究的大量理論如參照依賴、損失厭惡、心理賬戶、稟賦效應(yīng)等,都是建立在有限理性和偏好不穩(wěn)定性等基礎(chǔ)之上,通過實驗方法和科學(xué)儀器檢測來進行論證,從而對非理性消費中決策者決策的各個環(huán)節(jié)給予了比較合理和滿意的解釋,例如股權(quán)溢價之謎、贏者詛咒,現(xiàn)狀偏見等問題;并且為決策者在經(jīng)濟生活中的決策行為提供理論指導(dǎo)和現(xiàn)實參考,使他們變得更加“理智”起來。行為經(jīng)濟學(xué)作為一門對非理性消費決策不斷發(fā)展、研究的新型理論,其獨到的實驗研究范式和研究方法對脫離實際生活的傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟學(xué)已經(jīng)起到了重要的影響,使得非理性消費決策的研究在整個決策理論中的地位也變得越來越重要。
[Abstract]:Since the middle and late 20th century, there has emerged a trend of rational reflection in western economics, which has gradually aroused widespread concern in the field of economics. The research achievements in the field of interdisciplinary studies under the name "Psychology and Economics" have gradually formed a more systematic theoretical framework and main points of view. The study of consumption theory in traditional economics mainly uses budget constraints and the curve of no difference to establish the conditions of utility maximization, and under the premise of rational economic man, The personal consumption choice is expressed as: the actor makes the choice under certain conditions, and the goal is to pursue the maximum utility. For consumers, it is shown that a group of commodities are consumed under the condition of budget constraint, and the utility function of evaluation is maximized. However, in real economic life, there is still a wide field of irrational choice, including irrational consumption behavior, which can not be reasonably explained by traditional economic theory. Under such a background, many scholars turn their attention to behavioral economics and try to solve irrational choice behavior with a new analytical framework. Behavioral economics combines behavioral analysis theory with economic operation law and related research results of psychology organically, explores the loopholes in the traditional economic model, and fixes the mainstream economics about rational economic man. Shortcomings of basic assumptions such as complete information, utility maximization and preference stability. A large number of theories of behavioral economics on irrational consumption, such as reference dependence, loss aversion, psychological account and endowment effect, are based on bounded rationality and preference instability. By means of experimental methods and scientific instruments, this paper gives a reasonable and satisfactory explanation to every link of decision making in irrational consumption, such as the riddle of equity premium, the winner's curse, the bias of present situation and so on. It also provides theoretical guidance and practical reference for decision-makers in economic life to make them more rational. As a new theory for irrational consumption decision making, behavioral economics has played an important role in the traditional economics, which is divorced from the real life, because of its unique experimental research paradigm and research methods. The research of irrational consumption decision-making has become more and more important in the whole decision-making theory.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F713.55

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