本文選題：第三方支付平臺(tái) + 雙邊市場(chǎng)��； 參考：《浙江工商大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)、移動(dòng)信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展,傳統(tǒng)商業(yè)活動(dòng)由線下向線上轉(zhuǎn)化,這直接帶動(dòng)了第三方支付平臺(tái)的發(fā)展。2015年中國第三方支付的總規(guī)模達(dá)到了 31.2萬億元(包含第三方移動(dòng)支付、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)支付、預(yù)付卡、線下收單等業(yè)務(wù)),同比增長33.91%。作為典型的雙邊市場(chǎng)行業(yè),電商交易是第三方支付行業(yè)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)與搖籃,第三方支付平臺(tái)是電商安全交易的保障。然而行業(yè)在短短十年里呈指數(shù)型擴(kuò)張的同時(shí),必然會(huì)產(chǎn)生諸如非理性價(jià)格競(jìng)爭、壟斷、沉淀資金安全、客戶信息安全、政府監(jiān)管缺失等產(chǎn)業(yè)問題。尤其近年來,支付寶長期占據(jù)市場(chǎng)近百分之五十的市場(chǎng)份額,支付寶、財(cái)付通、銀聯(lián)三家企業(yè)總計(jì)占據(jù)市場(chǎng)接近百分之八十的市場(chǎng)份額,根據(jù)《中華人民共和國反壟斷法》第十九條規(guī)定:“一個(gè)經(jīng)營者在相關(guān)市場(chǎng)的市場(chǎng)份額達(dá)到二分之一或者三個(gè)經(jīng)營者在相關(guān)市場(chǎng)的市場(chǎng)份額合計(jì)達(dá)到四分之三的,可以推定經(jīng)營者具有市場(chǎng)支配地位”。因此第三方支付行業(yè)基本形成了較強(qiáng)的壟斷競(jìng)爭格局。面對(duì)這種壟斷傾向,研究第三方支付行業(yè)的市場(chǎng)勢(shì)力的來源,用多種方法測(cè)度市場(chǎng)勢(shì)力值,分析市場(chǎng)勢(shì)力的影響,研究當(dāng)局規(guī)制措施,測(cè)度規(guī)制效率格外具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文首先闡述了第三方支付的發(fā)展背景、研究意義,并對(duì)國內(nèi)外的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)做了整合。然后對(duì)第三方支付產(chǎn)業(yè)的運(yùn)行機(jī)制、市場(chǎng)勢(shì)力的來源與測(cè)度方法、產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)制的必要性三個(gè)方面展開理論研究。緊接著用實(shí)際數(shù)據(jù)測(cè)度第三方支付行業(yè)的市場(chǎng)勢(shì)力,研究我國、美國、歐盟的監(jiān)管現(xiàn)狀,運(yùn)用數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)法測(cè)度政府市場(chǎng)規(guī)制的效率,分析監(jiān)管存在的問題。最后提出規(guī)制的建議與意見。研究得出以下結(jié)論:1、第三方支付市場(chǎng)是一個(gè)雙邊壟斷競(jìng)爭市場(chǎng),定價(jià)模式為傾斜式定價(jià),存在交叉補(bǔ)貼與掠奪性競(jìng)爭。2、文本經(jīng)過CRn、HHI、EI三個(gè)集中度指標(biāo)與一個(gè)勒納指數(shù)的測(cè)算,發(fā)現(xiàn)第三方支付市場(chǎng)存在巨大的市場(chǎng)勢(shì)力,且其市場(chǎng)勢(shì)力來自于規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)、進(jìn)入壁壘、產(chǎn)品差異化、客戶忠誠度這四個(gè)方面。3、既然第三方支付的市場(chǎng)勢(shì)力會(huì)給社會(huì)帶來諸如降低資源配置效率、非正常價(jià)格競(jìng)爭、違規(guī)經(jīng)營等負(fù)面影響,于是我國政府自2010年來就經(jīng)營許可管理、經(jīng)營退出管理、消費(fèi)者權(quán)益管理、備付金管理、防洗錢管理、價(jià)格管理這六個(gè)方面對(duì)該產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)行規(guī)制。4、運(yùn)用超效率的DEA模型所計(jì)算的規(guī)制效率結(jié)果表明:我國規(guī)制效率尚不穩(wěn)定,階段性的規(guī)制“試錯(cuò)”特征較為顯著,監(jiān)管仍然處于探索階段,監(jiān)管態(tài)度謹(jǐn)慎穩(wěn)健。同時(shí)規(guī)制的過程中還是存在不少問題,問題集中于法律層級(jí)過低、分業(yè)監(jiān)管歸屬不夠明確、用戶權(quán)益難以切實(shí)得到保障、過高的準(zhǔn)入門檻具有兩面性、對(duì)價(jià)格規(guī)制幾乎為零。5、最后本文借鑒了美國與歐洲的規(guī)制經(jīng)驗(yàn),提出如下政策建議:我國應(yīng)該提升第三方支付政策的法律位階、加強(qiáng)準(zhǔn)入退出管理、完善信用評(píng)級(jí)體系、加強(qiáng)信息披露、加強(qiáng)備付金管理、加大懲罰力度、規(guī)范定價(jià)行為。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of Internet technology and mobile information technology, traditional business activities are transformed from line to line, which directly drives the development of the third party payment platform in.2015 years. The total size of China's third party payment reached 31 trillion and 200 billion yuan (including third party mobile payment, Internet payment, prepaid card, offline receipt and so on). The growth of 33.91%. as a typical bilateral market industry, e-commerce transaction is the basis and cradle of the development of the third party payment industry. The third party payment platform is the guarantee of the e-commerce security transaction. However, the industry is expanding exponentially in just ten years, and will inevitably produce such as irrational price competition, monopoly, deposit security, customer information. The security problem, the lack of government supervision industry. Especially in recent years, Alipay has long occupied the market nearly fifty percent market share, Alipay, caifutong, UnionPay three enterprises occupy the market close to eighty percent of the total market share of nineteenth, according to the anti-monopoly law > < People's Republic of China stipulates: "one of the operators in the relevant The market share of the market reach 1/2 or the three operators in the related market share the total market share of 3/4, can presumed that the operator has the market dominance. Therefore, the third party payment industry has formed a strong monopoly competition pattern. Facing this tendency, the market of the third party payment industry is studied. The source of power, measure the market forces by a variety of methods, analyze the influence of the market forces, study the regulatory measures of the authorities and measure the regulation efficiency. This paper first expounds the development background of the third party payment, the significance of the research, and the integration of Xiang Guanwen's contribution at home and abroad, and then the operating machine of the third party payment industry. The source and measure of market forces and the necessity of the industrial regulation are studied in three aspects. Then the market power of the third party payment industry is measured by the actual data, and the supervision status of our country, the United States and the EU is studied. The efficiency of the government regulation and regulation is measured by the data envelopment method, and the problems in the supervision are analyzed. Finally, the problems of the supervision are analyzed. The following conclusions are made. The following conclusions are drawn: 1, the third party payment market is a bilateral monopoly competition market, the pricing model is inclined pricing, there is cross subsidy and predatory competition.2, the text passes through the calculation of three concentration indexes and a Lerner number by CRn, HHI, EI, and finds that there is a huge market in the third party payment market. Field power, and its market power comes from the scale economic effect, entry barriers, product differentiation, customer loyalty, these four aspects.3. Since the market forces paid by the third party will bring to the society such negative effects as reducing the efficiency of resource allocation, abnormal price competition, illegal operation, and so on, our government has been operating license since 2010. Management, operation exit management, consumer rights and interests management, pay gold management, anti money laundering management, price management in the six aspects of the regulation of the industry.4, the use of ultra efficient DEA model of regulation efficiency calculated results show: China's regulation efficiency is not stable, the stage of the regulation "trial and error" characteristics are more significant, supervision is still in the exploration of At the same time, there are many problems in the process of regulation, and there are still many problems in the process of regulation. The problem concentrates on the low level of law, the ownership of the division supervision is not clear enough, the user's rights and interests are hard to be guaranteed, the high entrance threshold has two sides, the price regulation is almost zero.5, and the last article draws lessons from the regulation of the United States and Europe. Experience, put forward the following policy suggestions: our country should improve the legal position of the third party payment policy, strengthen the admittance exit management, improve the credit rating system, strengthen the information disclosure, strengthen the management of payment, strengthen the punishment and standardize the pricing behavior.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F724.6;F832.2

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