本文選題：二元擴(kuò)張邊際　切入點(diǎn)：專業(yè)化利得　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：貿(mào)易利得即一國(guó)得自對(duì)外貿(mào)易的收益,這是一國(guó)參與國(guó)際貿(mào)易的原始動(dòng)力以及國(guó)際貿(mào)易存在和擴(kuò)張的基礎(chǔ),因而是國(guó)際貿(mào)易研究的一個(gè)永續(xù)的核心問題。理論上來看,貿(mào)易利得內(nèi)涵廣泛,隨著世界貿(mào)易規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)張,形式不斷多樣化,經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)界對(duì)其定義與解讀也在不斷拓展,各國(guó)貿(mào)易政策目標(biāo)也從最初單純追求貿(mào)易數(shù)量的擴(kuò)張,到更加注重貿(mào)易質(zhì)量的提升與對(duì)國(guó)家深層次經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的影響�，F(xiàn)實(shí)層面來看,中國(guó)改革開放30多年尤其是加入WTO十幾年以來的經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展和國(guó)民收入水平的快速提升,在很大程度上得益于對(duì)外貿(mào)易的超高速擴(kuò)張。然而,問題在于,中國(guó)究竟從對(duì)外貿(mào)易中獲得了多大的利得?對(duì)外貿(mào)易的利得主要體現(xiàn)在哪些方面?用怎樣的方法可以測(cè)度這種利得?本文主旨在于就上述問題進(jìn)行機(jī)理而實(shí)證的探討。 本文運(yùn)用了機(jī)理結(jié)合實(shí)證分析的方法。機(jī)理分析上,本文基于新貿(mào)易理論產(chǎn)品多樣性和規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)的假設(shè),從貿(mào)易二元擴(kuò)張的視野將貿(mào)易利得分解為消費(fèi)者層面和生產(chǎn)者層面兩部分,并分別進(jìn)行了理論分析；實(shí)證研究上,本文利用UNComtrade產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)庫所有中國(guó)進(jìn)口的HS1992六位碼商品數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)貿(mào)易擴(kuò)張不同方式的貿(mào)易利得效應(yīng)分別進(jìn)行了測(cè)算。 研究結(jié)果顯示,消費(fèi)者利得方面,基于Armington (1969)對(duì)商品種類的定義,中國(guó)1993-2013年進(jìn)口商品的種類數(shù)不斷上升,即商品-國(guó)家組合數(shù)不斷增加,外延擴(kuò)張趨勢(shì)明顯,造成的價(jià)格指數(shù)向上偏誤1.34%,帶來的交換利得占到2013年GDP的0.53%；生產(chǎn)者利得方面,本文通過將出口商品六位碼細(xì)分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)與中國(guó)制造業(yè)各行業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行匹配回歸,得到出口內(nèi)涵擴(kuò)張與行業(yè)全要素生產(chǎn)率之間的正向關(guān)系,出口在內(nèi)涵邊際上擴(kuò)張1%,全要素生產(chǎn)率則會(huì)增長(zhǎng)近0.6%。由此分別得到中國(guó)進(jìn)口外延擴(kuò)張的利得效應(yīng)與出口內(nèi)涵擴(kuò)張分別的利得效應(yīng)。最后結(jié)合全文結(jié)論,本文給出了相關(guān)政策建議。
[Abstract]:A country gains from trade by foreign trade income, this is the original power for a country to participate in international trade and international trade and expansion, so it is a perpetual issue at the core of the study of international trade. In theory, the connotation of trade gains widely, with the scale of world trade expansion, form diversification and economics circles on its definition and interpretation is also expanding, the goal of trade policy from the initial pursuit of trade expansion, to pay more attention to the trade and the improvement of the quality of the national deep economic interests. The influence of the reality point of view, China 30 years of reform and opening up especially the rapid increase of more than ten years since joining the WTO the rapid development of economy and national income level, ultra high speed expansion is largely due to foreign trade. However, the problem is, what Chinese obtained from foreign trade What are the main gains? What are the main aspects of the gains of foreign trade? How can we measure such gains? The purpose of this paper is to conduct a mechanism and Empirical Discussion on the above problems.
This paper uses the empirical analysis method. According to the theory of mechanism analysis, the new trade theory of product diversity and scale economy based on the assumption that trade from two yuan to expand the view of the gains from trade is divided into two parts of consumer and producer level, and make theoretical analysis; empirical research, this paper use the UNComtrade product database all China imported HS1992 six digit commodity data, trade gains effect on trade expansion in different ways was analyzed.
The results of the study show that the consumer gains, Armington (1969) based on the definition of the types of goods, the number of types of imported goods for 1993-2013 years Chinese rising, namely commodity - state combination number increasing, expansion trend is obvious, caused by the price index upward bias exchange gains brought by 1.34%, accounted for 0.53% of GDP in 2013 this article through profits; producers, by matching the regression of the industry export commodity code six subdivision data and manufacturing Chinese data, obtained the positive relationship between TFP export expansion and connotation of industry, exports in the connotation of marginal expansion of 1%, total factor productivity will increase nearly 0.6%. yielding gains and export expansion effect the connotation of the extension and expansion of the import China respectively. Finally the conclusion gains effect, this paper gives the relevant policy recommendations.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F224;F752

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