發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-28 13:22

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 廢舊家電 逆向物流 模式選擇 收益最大化 網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建 遺傳算法　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：作為家電消費(fèi)大國(guó),我國(guó)已步入了家電報(bào)廢高峰期,家電產(chǎn)品更新?lián)Q代的同時(shí),也帶動(dòng)著廢舊家電逆向物流的發(fā)展。我國(guó)借鑒了國(guó)外實(shí)施的“生產(chǎn)責(zé)任延伸制”,制定了相關(guān)的政策制度,引導(dǎo)家電制造商參與到逆向物流中,然而這些政策并沒(méi)得到有效落實(shí),很多制造商沒(méi)有進(jìn)行合理規(guī)劃就盲目實(shí)施逆向物流,導(dǎo)致大量廢舊家電仍然流入非正規(guī)回收渠道和拆解市場(chǎng),造成資源浪費(fèi)和環(huán)境污染。制造商在開(kāi)展逆向物流業(yè)務(wù)前,需要先選擇合適的逆向物流模式,然后在模式選定地基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)建合理的逆向物流網(wǎng)絡(luò)。對(duì)此,本文基于制造商的立場(chǎng),以制造商收益最大化為目標(biāo),研究廢舊家電逆向物流模式和網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文首先界定了廢舊家電逆向物流定義,分析了廢舊家電逆向物流的特點(diǎn)和運(yùn)作流程；根據(jù)廢舊家電回收和處理主體不同,將廢舊家電逆向物流模式分為自營(yíng)模式、聯(lián)合模式以及外包模式,并分別定性分析了這三種模式的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),比較了它們?cè)谟绊懸蛩胤矫姹憩F(xiàn)的不同；基于廢舊家電逆向物流網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)類型劃分,分析了三種模式下的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)；其次,提出了不同模式下的廢九家電逆向物流收益最大化模型,利用Stackelberg博弈思想求出了各模型的最優(yōu)解,分析了回收投資效率和處理努力系數(shù)兩個(gè)參數(shù)的取值情況對(duì)制造商最大收益值的影響,繼而影響到模式選擇結(jié)果,并通過(guò)算例進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證；然后,側(cè)重于自營(yíng)模式,進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建研究,明確了網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)成要素和網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)類型,設(shè)計(jì)了五層多品類正／逆閉環(huán)型網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),建立了以收益最大化為目標(biāo)的混合整數(shù)規(guī)劃模型來(lái)進(jìn)行合理選址和節(jié)點(diǎn)之間流量分配；最后,提出了該網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建模型的求解思路,設(shè)計(jì)了選址和流量分配同時(shí)解決的遺傳算法步驟,通過(guò)算例和算法中參數(shù)的靈敏度分析,運(yùn)用Python2.7.3進(jìn)行仿真計(jì)算,驗(yàn)證了模型和算法的有效性和合理性。
[Abstract]:As a large consumer of household appliances, our country has stepped into the peak period of household appliance scrapping, and at the same time, the household appliances products have been upgraded. It also leads to the development of reverse logistics for used and used household appliances. Our country draws lessons from the "extended system of production responsibility" implemented by foreign countries, formulates relevant policies and regulations, and guides home appliance manufacturers to participate in reverse logistics. However, these policies have not been effectively implemented. Many manufacturers blindly implement reverse logistics without reasonable planning, which leads to a large number of waste appliances still flowing into the informal recycling channels and dismantling markets, resulting in waste of resources and environmental pollution. It is necessary to select the appropriate reverse logistics model first and then construct a reasonable reverse logistics network on the basis of the mode selection. In this paper, based on the manufacturer's position, the goal is to maximize the profit of the manufacturer. It is of great practical significance to study the reverse logistics model and network construction of waste appliances. This paper first defines the definition of reverse logistics of waste household appliances, analyzes the characteristics and operation process of reverse logistics of waste appliances, and divides the reverse logistics mode of waste appliances into self-supporting mode according to the different recovery and treatment main body of waste appliances. Combined mode and outsourcing mode, and respectively qualitative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of these three models, compared their different performance in the impact factors; based on the classification of waste electrical appliances reverse logistics network type, The characteristics of network structure in three modes are analyzed. Secondly, the model of maximizing the profit of waste nine household appliances reverse logistics under different modes is put forward, and the optimal solution of each model is obtained by using Stackelberg game theory. This paper analyzes the influence of the two parameters of the return investment efficiency and the processing effort coefficient on the maximum profit value of the manufacturer, and then influences the result of the mode selection, and verifies it through an example. Then, it focuses on the self-supporting mode. This paper studies the network construction, defines the network elements and network structure types, and designs a five-layer and multi-category forward / inverse closed loop network topology. A hybrid integer programming model with the goal of maximizing income is established to carry out reasonable location and flow allocation between nodes. Finally, the solution of the network model is proposed. The steps of genetic algorithm are designed to solve the problem of location selection and flow allocation simultaneously. The validity and rationality of the model and algorithm are verified by using Python2.7.3 and the sensitivity analysis of the parameters in the algorithm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F426.6;F713.2;TP18

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