本文關(guān)鍵詞：我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響研究　出處：《深圳大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 對(duì)外貿(mào)易 城鄉(xiāng)收入差距 S-S定理 面板模型

【摘要】：自1978年改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的地域范圍和商品種類不斷擴(kuò)大,時(shí)至今日已取得舉世矚目的成績(jī)。然而,在對(duì)外貿(mào)易推動(dòng)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)的同時(shí),我國(guó)收入差距問(wèn)題卻不容樂(lè)觀,特別是城鄉(xiāng)收入差距。十八屆三中全會(huì)提出,要讓廣大農(nóng)民平等參與現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程、共同分享現(xiàn)代化成果。因此,縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距成為我國(guó)亟待解決的現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題。本文嘗試從對(duì)外貿(mào)易的角度來(lái)研究其對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響。最早系統(tǒng)研究對(duì)外貿(mào)易與收入差距理論的是Hechscher與Ohlin提出的H-O理論。在此基礎(chǔ)上,Stolper和Samuelson又提出了S-S定理。本文在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)特征,梳理了對(duì)外貿(mào)易影響我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的四大主要途徑,即商品價(jià)格、技術(shù)進(jìn)步、政策形成以及經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。同時(shí),通過(guò)對(duì)對(duì)外貿(mào)易與城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,深入了解了二者的演變特征:從1978年的改革開(kāi)放至今,我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易整體發(fā)展快速,但區(qū)域發(fā)展極不平衡,東部對(duì)外貿(mào)易程度顯著高于中西部地區(qū);城鄉(xiāng)收入差距也是經(jīng)歷了先縮小后擴(kuò)大再縮小的過(guò)程,雖然近幾年呈下滑態(tài)勢(shì),但仍然處于高位;并且分三大區(qū)域比較來(lái)看,西部地區(qū)差距最大、中部次之、東部最小。其顯著的區(qū)域特征表明,有必要分區(qū)域探討對(duì)外貿(mào)易對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響。在實(shí)證部分,本文利用我國(guó)省級(jí)面板數(shù)據(jù),采用外貿(mào)依存度作為解釋變量,泰爾指數(shù)衡量的城鄉(xiāng)收入差距為被解釋變量,同時(shí),選取經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、財(cái)政支出、受教育程度與金融發(fā)展等五大控制變量,從全國(guó)、東部、中部以及西部四個(gè)層面分別建立面板回歸模型。實(shí)證結(jié)果表明,就整體而言,我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易加劇了城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的擴(kuò)大,且三大區(qū)域的影響從大到小依次為東部、中部、西部,外貿(mào)依存度每提高1%,泰爾指數(shù)分別提高0.19%、0.18%、0.04%。為了進(jìn)一步探討出口和進(jìn)口是否對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響存在異質(zhì)性,本文又分別使用出口依存度和進(jìn)口依存度與泰爾指數(shù)進(jìn)行面板回歸建模,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),對(duì)于東部地區(qū)而言,出口對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的正向影響要強(qiáng)于進(jìn)口,出口依存度和進(jìn)口依存度每提高1%,泰爾指數(shù)分別提高0.24%和0.12%;對(duì)于中部地區(qū)而言,對(duì)外貿(mào)易主要通過(guò)進(jìn)口擴(kuò)大城鄉(xiāng)收入差距,進(jìn)口依存度每提高1%,泰爾指數(shù)提高0.20%,出口在在各種因素綜合作用下并不顯著;對(duì)于西部地區(qū)而言,進(jìn)口依存度每提高1%,泰爾指數(shù)提高0.09%,出口依存度每提高1%,泰爾指數(shù)則會(huì)下降0.05%。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up in 1978, the regional scope of foreign trade and the variety of commodities have been continuously expanded, and today has achieved remarkable results. While foreign trade promotes the sustained economic growth of our country, the problem of income gap in China is not optimistic, especially the income gap between urban and rural areas. The third Plenary session of the 18 CPC Central Committee proposed that the broad masses of farmers should participate in the modernization process on an equal footing. Share the fruits of modernization. Narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas has become a real problem to be solved urgently in our country. This paper attempts to study its influence on the income gap between urban and rural areas from the perspective of foreign trade. He is the earliest systematic research on the theory of foreign trade and income gap. H-O theory proposed by chscher and Ohlin. Stolper and Samuelson also put forward the S-S theorem. Based on the previous studies, this paper combines the characteristics of urban and rural dual structure in China. Combing the four main ways of foreign trade affecting the income gap between urban and rural areas, namely, commodity prices, technological progress, policy formation and economic growth. Through the descriptive statistical analysis of foreign trade and urban-rural income gap, the author deeply understands the characteristics of their evolution: from 1978 to now, the overall development of foreign trade in China has been rapid. However, the regional development is extremely unbalanced, and the degree of foreign trade in the east is significantly higher than that in the central and western regions. The income gap between urban and rural areas has also experienced the process of first narrowing and then expanding and then narrowing. Although in recent years there is a downward trend, it is still in a high position. The difference between the western regions is the largest, the central region is the second, and the eastern part is the smallest. It is necessary to explore the impact of foreign trade on the income gap between urban and rural areas. In the empirical part, this paper uses the provincial panel data, foreign trade dependence as an explanatory variable. The urban-rural income gap measured by the Thiel index is explained variable, at the same time, select the economic development level, industrial structure, financial expenditure, education level and financial development of the five control variables, from the whole country, the east. The empirical results show that, on the whole, China's foreign trade has aggravated the widening of urban-rural income gap. And the influence of the three regions from big to small in order of eastern, central, western, foreign trade dependence each increase by 0.19%, the Tyr index increased 0.18%. In order to further explore whether there is heterogeneity in the impact of export and import on the income gap between urban and rural areas, this paper respectively uses export dependence and import dependence and Thiel index to model panel regression. The results show that, for the eastern region, the positive impact of export on urban-rural income gap is stronger than that of import, and the degree of export dependence and import dependence increases by 1%. The Tyr index increased by 0.24% and 0.12, respectively. For the central region, foreign trade mainly expands the income gap between urban and rural areas through import. With the increase of import dependence, the Tyr index increases by 0.20, and the export is not significant under the combined effect of various factors. For the western region, for each increase in the import dependency, the Tyr index increases by 0.09, and the export dependency increases by 1, and the Tyr index decreases by 0.05.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：深圳大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F752;F124.7

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