本文關(guān)鍵詞：多目標(biāo)環(huán)境下工程機械回收產(chǎn)品關(guān)鍵信息確定方法及流向決策研究　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 再制造 逆向物流 關(guān)鍵信息 流向決策

【摘要】：隨著全球經(jīng)濟的迅速發(fā)展,環(huán)境污染越來越嚴(yán)重,人們生活質(zhì)量受到嚴(yán)重影響。綠色環(huán)保能源、綠色生產(chǎn)方式等越來越受重視,在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中,政府和企業(yè)在再制造領(lǐng)域的投入越來越大,對其學(xué)術(shù)性研究也被正式納入國家項目。再制造起源于四十年代的美國,最先應(yīng)用于汽車發(fā)動機,繼而在工程機械行業(yè)得到逐步應(yīng)用。工程機械體積大、質(zhì)量大、結(jié)構(gòu)件多、關(guān)鍵零部件附加值高,在工程機械制造行業(yè)中大力發(fā)展再制造有更加廣闊的發(fā)展空間。但在工程機械再制造實際操作中,由于回收產(chǎn)品在全生命周期內(nèi),大量信息貫穿在產(chǎn)品研發(fā)、工藝流程、檢查檢驗、出廠銷售、運輸、用戶使用、環(huán)境工況、保養(yǎng)服務(wù)、故障維修、回收利用直到報廢的整個過程中,主機廠家對回收產(chǎn)品的關(guān)鍵信息沒有統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來確定,同時對關(guān)鍵信息的獲取也存在一定困難。同時,主機廠家、代理商等在再制造過程中扮演的角色不同,對關(guān)鍵信息的關(guān)注也不盡相同,在不同條件下回收的舊機處理方法和流向也不同。本文首先介紹了逆向物流再制造背景,再制造研究發(fā)展情況以及存在的相關(guān)問題：目前國內(nèi)各大工程機械制造廠商更多的關(guān)注于傳統(tǒng)的正向物流,對逆向物流或再制造的關(guān)注度遠遠不夠；對回收產(chǎn)品關(guān)鍵信息不確定及信息獲取困難；信息管理和網(wǎng)絡(luò)的不完善使回收產(chǎn)品信息的追溯難以實現(xiàn)。對回收產(chǎn)品按工作狀況分為早期、穩(wěn)定期和后期故障階段,并根據(jù)各故障階段故障形式做詳細(xì)分析、分類,結(jié)合再制造修復(fù)方法、原則和工藝,進而得到各階段的關(guān)鍵信息。分析了國內(nèi)外舊機流向情況、再制造業(yè)情況并提出存在的主要問題：如工程機械回收產(chǎn)品返廠的物流費用高昂；舊機評估與檢測無標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可以參照；廠家與客戶對價格預(yù)期有較大差異；市場上仍在使用的主機關(guān)鍵信息沒有查詢途徑；國家沒有針對工程機械再制造業(yè)務(wù)的特殊稅收政策做支持；售后標(biāo)準(zhǔn)怎樣執(zhí)行,沒有相關(guān)國家規(guī)定和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；產(chǎn)品在最初設(shè)計時就未考慮回收等相關(guān)問題；再制造產(chǎn)品的定價沒有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等。針對這些問題,提出解決方案：改變客戶接受度,獲得政府政策支持,建立各種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和回收信息追溯系統(tǒng)等。再對舊機流向做出相應(yīng)分析。隨后通過加權(quán)分值和等級評定,將傳統(tǒng)舊機回收定價的定性或憑感覺的形式,轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榱炕姆种岛偷燃?為回收產(chǎn)品流向預(yù)決策和回收定價提供初步技術(shù)指導(dǎo)。對于進入預(yù)再制造流程的回收產(chǎn)品,在考慮產(chǎn)品再制造成本及經(jīng)濟性的基礎(chǔ)上,引入價格比變量——壽命系數(shù)�；诔杀究刂�,為零件、部件、整機的可再制造性評價提供支撐,修正回收產(chǎn)品流向預(yù)決策中因不確定因素引起的誤差,為回收產(chǎn)品流向終決策提供依據(jù)。最后,總結(jié)本文的主要結(jié)論,并對進一步需要開展或完善此項工作提出展望。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of global economy, more and more serious environmental pollution, people's quality of life has been seriously affected. Green energy, green production, more and more attention in the industrial production, the government and enterprises in the manufacturing field of investment more and more, the academic research has been formally incorporated into the national project. Remanufacturing in 40s originated in the United States, the first application in automobile engine, which has been applied gradually in the construction machinery industry. Construction machinery of large size, quality, structure, key parts of high added value, developing and manufacturing have a more broad development space in the engineering machinery manufacturing industry. But in engineering machinery manufacturing in actual operation, due to the recovery during the whole product life cycle, a large amount of information throughout the product development process, inspection, factory sales, transportation, use, environmental conditions, Paul Support service, maintenance, the whole process of recycling until scrapped, manufacturers of key information on the recovery of products there is no uniform standard to determine, at the same time to obtain key information is difficult. At the same time, manufacturers, different agents play in the process of remanufacturing role, the key information of concern not the same, the old machine processing method and flow recovery under different conditions are also different. This paper firstly introduces the background of reverse logistics of remanufacturing, remanufacturing research and development and related problems: the current major domestic engineering machinery manufacturers pay more attention to the traditional logistics, or on Remanufacturing Reverse Logistics concerns is far from enough; the key information and the uncertainty of recycling product information acquisition difficulties; imperfect information management and network information to back recycling products difficult to achieve. According to the working condition of recycling products is divided into early stage and late stage of stable fault, and make a detailed analysis, according to the fault phase fault classification, combined with the remanufacturing repair method, principle and process, and then get the key information of each stage. The old machine at home and abroad are analyzed to flow, the situation of remanufacturing industry and put forward the main problems: such as construction machinery product recovery depot logistics cost; evaluation and detection of the old machine without standard reference; manufacturers and customers have great differences in price expectations; the market is still in the host key information using query no way; not for national tax policy and special engineering machinery manufacturing business support customer service standards; how to perform, no relevant state regulations and standards; issues related to recovery is not considered in the initial design and manufacture products; product pricing is not standard Quasi. To solve these problems, proposed solutions: change the customer acceptance, access to government policy support, the establishment of various standards and recycling information traceability system. Then make a corresponding analysis of the old machine flow. Followed by weighting and grading, the traditional qualitative old machine recycling pricing or feel the form change the score and grade of quantification and provide preliminary technical guidance for the recovery and recycling of the product to the pre decision for product pricing. The recovery into the pre remanufacturing process, remanufacturing considering product cost and economy on the introduction of price compared to variable -- life coefficient. Based on cost control, for parts, components, the machine can be manufacturing evaluation provides support and recovery products to the pre decision correction error due to uncertain factors, provide the basis for the recovery of the product to the final decision. Finally, summarized the main conclusions of this paper And to further need to carry out or improve the prospect of this work.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F426.4;F713.2

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本文編號：1396421