本文關(guān)鍵詞：中國(guó)原油進(jìn)口貿(mào)易空間格局優(yōu)化對(duì)策研究　出處：《浙江師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：我國(guó)的原油進(jìn)口空間格局已經(jīng)基本形成,但是形成的進(jìn)口格局還是有著不容小覷的問(wèn)題。20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái),我國(guó)原油的進(jìn)口來(lái)源地不再僅限于周邊臨近的亞太國(guó)家,已將原油貿(mào)易發(fā)展到了資源更為豐富的中東地區(qū)。形成了中東、非洲、歐洲和亞太四大產(chǎn)油地區(qū)對(duì)我國(guó)進(jìn)行原油供給的基本格局。雖然當(dāng)前格局在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間是穩(wěn)定的,但是還存在著很多問(wèn)題,如：來(lái)源地風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、運(yùn)輸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等等一系列問(wèn)題。所以對(duì)原油進(jìn)口貿(mào)易格局優(yōu)化進(jìn)行研究,探討合理、安全的原油進(jìn)口來(lái)源地體系,對(duì)于指導(dǎo)我國(guó)原油進(jìn)口貿(mào)易合理的運(yùn)行與發(fā)展,以及形成我國(guó)原油進(jìn)口戰(zhàn)略,保障國(guó)家能源安全有比較重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文首先對(duì)在分析1996-2014年間中國(guó)原油貿(mào)易格局的總體狀況的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)中東、俄羅斯及歐洲、拉丁美洲、亞太、北美、非洲各地區(qū)按時(shí)間順序詳細(xì)分析其對(duì)中國(guó)原油貿(mào)易的演變狀況。并運(yùn)用均質(zhì)化權(quán)重熵分析我國(guó)原油進(jìn)口貿(mào)易空間結(jié)構(gòu)中與各貿(mào)易國(guó)聯(lián)系的均勻度。其次對(duì)比中國(guó)和其他石油進(jìn)口大國(guó)原油進(jìn)口的差異之處,從入度差異、進(jìn)口來(lái)源地差異兩部分來(lái)分析中國(guó)石油進(jìn)口貿(mào)易與其他國(guó)家的區(qū)別。之后對(duì)我國(guó)原油進(jìn)口空間格局進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,更理性、更合理地優(yōu)化我國(guó)原油進(jìn)口貿(mào)易的空間結(jié)構(gòu)體系,進(jìn)而保證我國(guó)能源安全。然后運(yùn)用定性分析影響我國(guó)原油貿(mào)易格局演進(jìn)的因素,分析中國(guó)原油貿(mào)易格局形成,及其得以強(qiáng)化、延續(xù)及變遷的進(jìn)程中,原油價(jià)格、資源稟賦、運(yùn)輸途徑、運(yùn)輸環(huán)境與國(guó)家政治等的空間作用,探討各個(gè)影響要素是怎樣作用于我國(guó)原油進(jìn)口貿(mào)易空間格局的演變的。最后通過(guò)解析中國(guó)原油進(jìn)口貿(mào)易存在的,諸如來(lái)源地風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、運(yùn)輸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、原油進(jìn)口地選擇不經(jīng)濟(jì)和原油進(jìn)口存儲(chǔ)較小與全球油價(jià)上漲等問(wèn)題,來(lái)分析我國(guó)原油進(jìn)口貿(mào)易應(yīng)當(dāng)注意的方面,并給出我國(guó)原油進(jìn)口貿(mào)易的空間優(yōu)化對(duì)策,第一是要保障原油供給的安全,第二是要對(duì)比原油的經(jīng)濟(jì)性進(jìn)行考量。
[Abstract]:The spatial pattern of China's crude oil imports has been basically formed, but the formation of the import pattern is still a big problem in.20 century since 90s, China's crude oil import source is no longer limited to the neighboring country in the Asia Pacific region, has the crude oil trade development to more abundant resources in the Middle East. The formation of the Middle East and Africa the basic pattern of Europe and Asia Pacific, the four largest oil producing areas of crude oil supply to China. Although the current situation in a very long period of time is stable, but there are still many problems, such as: the source of risk, a series of problems such as transportation risk. So to explore the reasonable research, for crude oil import trade pattern optimization the source of crude oil imports, security system, to guide the operation and development of reasonable trade imports of crude oil in China, as well as the formation of China's crude oil import strategy, to ensure national energy security is relatively heavy The realistic significance. Firstly, based on analyzing the general situation of crude oil trade patterns China during 1996-2014, to the Middle East, Russia and Europe, Latin America, Asia Pacific, North America, Africa according to the time sequence of the detailed analysis of the evolution of the Chinese crude oil trade. And the uniformity of China's crude oil import trade space in the structure of trade with the country contact analysis of homogeneous weight entropy. By contrasting the differences China and other major oil importing countries import crude oil, from the penetration of differences, analyses the difference between the China oil import trade with other countries of the two part of the difference. After the source of imports of crude oil imports of China's space pattern optimization, more rational a more reasonable, to optimize the spatial structure system of China's crude oil imports, thereby ensuring the energy security of our country. Then using qualitative analysis of the impact of China's crude oil trade pattern evolution The factors analysis of trade pattern China crude oil formation, and to strengthen the continuity and change, in the process, the price of crude oil, natural resources, transportation way, space transportation environment and state politics, to explore the impact of various factors is how to effect on the evolution of China's crude oil import trade pattern. Finally, through analysis China crude oil imports, such as the source of risk, the risk of transportation and the problem of crude oil imports to choose not to import crude oil storage and smaller economy and rising global oil prices, analysis of China's crude oil import trade should pay attention to, and gives the space optimization strategy of China's crude oil import trade, the first is to protect the oil supply security. The second is to consider economy compared to crude oil.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F426.22;F752.61

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