我國商業(yè)銀行反洗錢合規(guī)管理現(xiàn)狀分析
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-09 11:31
【摘要】：隨著全球經(jīng)濟一體化、金融國際化進程加速,洗錢行為特別是恐怖融資對社會的危害日益顯著。洗錢活動為恐怖主義分子、販毒者、貪污官員以及其他經(jīng)濟犯罪活動提供了經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ),影響了社會穩(wěn)定,并對國家的安全帶來了威脅,進而損害國家經(jīng)濟秩序,危害金融機構(gòu)的信譽。20世紀90年代以來,全球相繼發(fā)生的金融機構(gòu)重大操作風險案件和洗錢案件等違規(guī)事件,使各國的監(jiān)管層越來越意識到加強金融機構(gòu)內(nèi)部反洗錢合規(guī)管理的重要性和緊迫性,并因此陸續(xù)制定了有關(guān)反洗錢合規(guī)管理方面的文件。近一段時間以來,反洗錢合規(guī)管理作為一種風險控制手段,逐漸引起了世界范圍內(nèi)銀行業(yè)的重視和關(guān)注。在完善商業(yè)銀行反洗錢控制體系建設(shè)、及時預(yù)防洗錢交易行為、提高自我風險抵抗能力等方面,已是商業(yè)銀行反洗錢合規(guī)管理的中心工作。在我國反洗錢工作起步較晚的背景下,如何倡導商業(yè)銀行建設(shè)符合自身特點的反洗錢內(nèi)控合規(guī)文化,形成有效的反冼錢合規(guī)管理體系,已成為我國商業(yè)銀行迫切需要研究和解決的課題。 目前,我國商業(yè)銀行以“風險為本”的風險管理理念為指引,依據(jù)相關(guān)的反洗錢法律法規(guī),逐步建立起了反洗錢組織機構(gòu)和工作制度,基本滿足了監(jiān)管機構(gòu)的監(jiān)管要求,反洗錢合規(guī)管理已經(jīng)成為商業(yè)銀行合規(guī)風險管理和內(nèi)部控制的重要組成部分。但與國外銀行多年來的實踐相比,我國商業(yè)銀行的反洗錢合規(guī)管理還存在很多差距,具體表現(xiàn)為：一是反洗錢組織機構(gòu)建設(shè)與反洗錢發(fā)展要求不匹配、反洗錢工作人員匱乏、制約了內(nèi)控制度的落實；二是風險識別手段單一,在洗錢風險識別計量和評估方面的研究和經(jīng)驗還較少,風險監(jiān)測和風險控制能力較弱；三是內(nèi)部控制制度尚需完善,反洗錢部門與業(yè)務(wù)部門的橫向協(xié)作機制薄弱,影響了反洗錢工作成效；四是合規(guī)風險管理理論應(yīng)用在反洗錢風險控制實務(wù)中還存在諸多不足。 對商業(yè)銀行反洗錢合規(guī)管理優(yōu)化策略的研究,豐富和完善了反洗錢合規(guī)管理理論,為商業(yè)銀行改進反洗錢合規(guī)管理工作提供了借鑒。一方面,通過建立反洗錢管理措施相互融合的機制,奠定協(xié)調(diào)機制、共享機制的基礎(chǔ)上,將反洗錢業(yè)務(wù)操作納入集中處理,解決反洗錢制度執(zhí)行力弱、管理鏈條長的問題,有利于反洗錢管理部門對反洗錢工作的管理控制,提高了管理效率,增強了執(zhí)行力；另一方面,提出了優(yōu)化反洗錢管理體系的建議,并提出適用于商業(yè)銀行反洗錢合規(guī)管理的工作重點,如對業(yè)務(wù)部門反洗錢行為進行風險提示、風險評估,加強監(jiān)測信息共享等風險監(jiān)測手段,豐富了風險監(jiān)測的方法,對提高商業(yè)銀行反洗錢管理成效具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:With the integration of global economy and the acceleration of the process of financial internationalization, money laundering, especially terrorist financing, has become more and more harmful to the society. Money laundering provides an economic base for terrorists, drug traffickers, corrupt officials and other economic criminal activities, affects social stability and threatens the security of the country, thereby undermining the economic order of the country, Endangering the credibility of financial institutions. Since the 1990s, major operational risk cases and money laundering cases of financial institutions have occurred in succession around the world. The regulators of various countries have become more and more aware of the importance and urgency of strengthening the compliance management of anti-money laundering within financial institutions, and as a result, documents on anti-money laundering compliance management have been developed one after another. In recent years, anti-money laundering compliance management, as a means of risk control, has gradually attracted the attention of the banking industry around the world. In the aspects of perfecting the anti-money laundering control system of commercial banks, preventing the money laundering transactions in time, and improving the ability of self-risk resistance, it has been the central work of the compliance management of anti-money laundering in commercial banks. Against the background of the late start of anti-money laundering in our country, how to advocate the commercial banks to build the internal control and compliance culture of anti-money laundering in accordance with their own characteristics, and to form an effective anti-laundering compliance management system. Commercial banks in China have become an urgent need to study and solve the problem. At present, under the guidance of the risk-based risk management concept and in accordance with the relevant anti-money laundering laws and regulations, Chinese commercial banks have gradually established an anti-money laundering organization and work system, which basically meets the regulatory requirements of the regulatory body. Anti-money-laundering compliance management has become an important part of compliance risk management and internal control of commercial banks. However, compared with the practice of foreign banks over the years, there are still many gaps in anti-money laundering compliance management of commercial banks in our country. The specific manifestations are as follows: first, the construction of anti-money laundering organizations and the development requirements of anti-money laundering do not match the requirements of the development of anti-money laundering, and the staff of anti-money laundering are scarce. Restricted the implementation of internal control system; Second, the risk identification method is single, the research and experience in money laundering risk identification measurement and evaluation is still less, and the ability of risk monitoring and risk control is relatively weak; Third, the internal control system needs to be improved, and the horizontal cooperation mechanism between anti-money laundering departments and business departments is weak, which affects the effectiveness of anti-money laundering; fourth, compliance risk management theory in anti-money-laundering risk control practice still has many shortcomings. The research on the optimization strategy of anti-money laundering compliance management of commercial banks enriches and perfects the anti-money laundering compliance management theory and provides a reference for commercial banks to improve the anti-money laundering compliance management. On the one hand, on the basis of establishing a mechanism of mutual integration of anti-money laundering management measures, establishing a coordination mechanism and sharing mechanisms, the operation of anti-money laundering is brought into centralized processing, so as to solve the problem of weak execution of anti-money laundering system and long management chain. It is beneficial to the management and control of anti-money laundering work by the administrative department of anti-money laundering, improves the management efficiency and strengthens the executive power; On the other hand, it puts forward some suggestions to optimize the anti-money laundering management system, and puts forward the key points for commercial banks' anti-money laundering compliance management, such as risk warning and risk assessment for anti-money laundering in business departments. Strengthening the risk monitoring means such as information sharing enriches the methods of risk monitoring and is of great significance to improve the effectiveness of anti-money laundering management of commercial banks.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F832.2
本文編號：2320282
[Abstract]:With the integration of global economy and the acceleration of the process of financial internationalization, money laundering, especially terrorist financing, has become more and more harmful to the society. Money laundering provides an economic base for terrorists, drug traffickers, corrupt officials and other economic criminal activities, affects social stability and threatens the security of the country, thereby undermining the economic order of the country, Endangering the credibility of financial institutions. Since the 1990s, major operational risk cases and money laundering cases of financial institutions have occurred in succession around the world. The regulators of various countries have become more and more aware of the importance and urgency of strengthening the compliance management of anti-money laundering within financial institutions, and as a result, documents on anti-money laundering compliance management have been developed one after another. In recent years, anti-money laundering compliance management, as a means of risk control, has gradually attracted the attention of the banking industry around the world. In the aspects of perfecting the anti-money laundering control system of commercial banks, preventing the money laundering transactions in time, and improving the ability of self-risk resistance, it has been the central work of the compliance management of anti-money laundering in commercial banks. Against the background of the late start of anti-money laundering in our country, how to advocate the commercial banks to build the internal control and compliance culture of anti-money laundering in accordance with their own characteristics, and to form an effective anti-laundering compliance management system. Commercial banks in China have become an urgent need to study and solve the problem. At present, under the guidance of the risk-based risk management concept and in accordance with the relevant anti-money laundering laws and regulations, Chinese commercial banks have gradually established an anti-money laundering organization and work system, which basically meets the regulatory requirements of the regulatory body. Anti-money-laundering compliance management has become an important part of compliance risk management and internal control of commercial banks. However, compared with the practice of foreign banks over the years, there are still many gaps in anti-money laundering compliance management of commercial banks in our country. The specific manifestations are as follows: first, the construction of anti-money laundering organizations and the development requirements of anti-money laundering do not match the requirements of the development of anti-money laundering, and the staff of anti-money laundering are scarce. Restricted the implementation of internal control system; Second, the risk identification method is single, the research and experience in money laundering risk identification measurement and evaluation is still less, and the ability of risk monitoring and risk control is relatively weak; Third, the internal control system needs to be improved, and the horizontal cooperation mechanism between anti-money laundering departments and business departments is weak, which affects the effectiveness of anti-money laundering; fourth, compliance risk management theory in anti-money-laundering risk control practice still has many shortcomings. The research on the optimization strategy of anti-money laundering compliance management of commercial banks enriches and perfects the anti-money laundering compliance management theory and provides a reference for commercial banks to improve the anti-money laundering compliance management. On the one hand, on the basis of establishing a mechanism of mutual integration of anti-money laundering management measures, establishing a coordination mechanism and sharing mechanisms, the operation of anti-money laundering is brought into centralized processing, so as to solve the problem of weak execution of anti-money laundering system and long management chain. It is beneficial to the management and control of anti-money laundering work by the administrative department of anti-money laundering, improves the management efficiency and strengthens the executive power; On the other hand, it puts forward some suggestions to optimize the anti-money laundering management system, and puts forward the key points for commercial banks' anti-money laundering compliance management, such as risk warning and risk assessment for anti-money laundering in business departments. Strengthening the risk monitoring means such as information sharing enriches the methods of risk monitoring and is of great significance to improve the effectiveness of anti-money laundering management of commercial banks.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F832.2
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