【摘要】：2013年7月20日起,中國(guó)人民銀行全盤放開對(duì)金融機(jī)構(gòu)的貸款利率約束,不再對(duì)金融機(jī)構(gòu)貸款利率實(shí)行下限為0.7倍的約束,由市場(chǎng)資金供求雙方自主決定；對(duì)票據(jù)貼現(xiàn)的利率不再實(shí)行嚴(yán)格管制,也交給金融機(jī)構(gòu)自主決定。同時(shí)對(duì)農(nóng)村信用社貸款利率不再設(shè)立上限。這就意味著中央銀行已經(jīng)全面放開金融機(jī)構(gòu)貸款利率管制,在利率市場(chǎng)化改革的道路上邁出了重要的一步。政策的出臺(tái)和實(shí)施是否能達(dá)到央行的預(yù)期,還需要金融機(jī)構(gòu)自身的改革與配合,以及整個(gè)金融體系各項(xiàng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的完善。為穩(wěn)妥有序地推進(jìn)利率市場(chǎng)化進(jìn)程,需要特別關(guān)注較為薄弱的環(huán)節(jié)——農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)改革。村鎮(zhèn)銀行的出現(xiàn),彌補(bǔ)了農(nóng)村金融領(lǐng)域的不足,促進(jìn)農(nóng)村金融改革和社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè),功不可沒。但是,村鎮(zhèn)銀行在這些年的發(fā)展中存在的各種問(wèn)題也日益凸顯。利率市場(chǎng)化的大背景,也讓村鎮(zhèn)銀行這一新興事物面臨新的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)。在利率市場(chǎng)化條件下,研究村鎮(zhèn)銀行如何發(fā)揮其制度與信息優(yōu)勢(shì),規(guī)避品牌和規(guī)模劣勢(shì),提升其核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力顯得至關(guān)重要。本文的研究?jī)?nèi)容分為以下五個(gè)部分。第一章序論部分提出本文的選題背景以及研究目的和意義,總結(jié)了國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀,介紹本文的研究方法與思路以及本文的創(chuàng)新之處；第二章對(duì)我國(guó)村鎮(zhèn)銀行進(jìn)行界定,分析村鎮(zhèn)銀行的發(fā)展歷史和現(xiàn)狀,并總結(jié)出我國(guó)村鎮(zhèn)銀行存在的主要問(wèn)題；第三章梳理了利率市場(chǎng)化的相關(guān)理論和我國(guó)的改革進(jìn)程,分析利率市場(chǎng)化對(duì)我國(guó)村鎮(zhèn)銀行帶來(lái)的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)；第四章總結(jié)了國(guó)外農(nóng)村金融組織利率市場(chǎng)化的啟示,總結(jié)利率市場(chǎng)化背景下村鎮(zhèn)銀行發(fā)展的國(guó)際借鑒；第五章在前文研究的內(nèi)容基礎(chǔ)上提出村鎮(zhèn)銀行應(yīng)對(duì)利率市場(chǎng)化的對(duì)策,我國(guó)村鎮(zhèn)銀行應(yīng)找準(zhǔn)自身和目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)定位,積極迎接挑戰(zhàn),更好地服務(wù)三農(nóng)和為社會(huì)主義建設(shè)貢獻(xiàn)力量。本文針對(duì)我國(guó)村鎮(zhèn)銀行自成立以來(lái)出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題和發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,運(yùn)用理論分析和實(shí)踐分析相結(jié)合的方式探究當(dāng)前利率市場(chǎng)化條件下村鎮(zhèn)銀行所面臨的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn),總結(jié)國(guó)內(nèi)外利率市場(chǎng)化改革的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn),尋找適合我國(guó)村鎮(zhèn)銀行發(fā)展的改良措施,對(duì)于我國(guó)村鎮(zhèn)銀行未來(lái)的發(fā)展具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:Since July 20, 2013, the people's Bank of China has completely liberalized the restrictions on the lending interest rates of financial institutions, no longer imposing a limit of 0.7 times on the lending rates of financial institutions, and has decided independently by both the supply and demand sides of market funds. Discounted interest rates are no longer strictly controlled and are left to financial institutions. At the same time, the lending rate of rural credit cooperatives no longer set the upper limit. This means that the central bank has fully liberalized the interest rate control of financial institutions and has taken an important step on the road of interest rate marketization reform. Whether the policy can meet the expectations of the central bank requires the reform and cooperation of the financial institutions and the improvement of the infrastructure of the whole financial system. In order to advance the marketization of interest rate in a steady and orderly manner, special attention should be paid to the reform of rural financial institutions, which is a weak link. The appearance of village bank makes up for the shortage of rural finance and promotes the reform of rural finance and the construction of new socialist countryside. However, village banks in the development of these years in the existence of a variety of problems are also increasingly prominent. The interest rate marketization background, also let the village bank this new thing faces the new opportunity and the challenge. Under the condition of interest rate marketization, it is very important to study how village banks exert their system and information advantages, avoid brand and scale disadvantages, and enhance their core competitiveness. The research content of this paper is divided into the following five parts. The first chapter preface part puts forward the background, purpose and significance of this paper, summarizes the current research situation at home and abroad, introduces the research methods and ideas of this paper and the innovation of this paper; the second chapter defines the village banks in our country. This paper analyzes the development history and present situation of village banks, and summarizes the main problems of village banks in China. Chapter three combs the relevant theories of interest rate marketization and the reform process of our country. The fourth chapter summarizes the enlightenment of interest rate marketization of foreign rural financial organizations, summarizes the international reference for the development of village banks under the background of interest rate marketization. The fifth chapter puts forward the countermeasures of the village banks to deal with the marketization of interest rate on the basis of the contents of the previous research. The village banks of our country should find out the orientation of themselves and the target market actively meet the challenge and better serve the three rural areas and contribute to the socialist construction. Aiming at the problems and development situation of village banks since their establishment, this paper explores the opportunities and challenges faced by village banks under the condition of marketization of interest rate by combining theoretical analysis with practical analysis. Summing up the experience and lessons of the interest rate marketization reform at home and abroad and looking for the improvement measures suitable for the development of the village bank in our country have certain practical significance for the future development of the village bank in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F832.35;F832.5

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