本文選題：商業(yè)銀行 + 供應鏈融資��； 參考：《西南財經(jīng)大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：20世紀80年代供應鏈金融開始真正嶄露頭角,其是來自于世界級企業(yè)巨頭在越來越廣的經(jīng)濟全球化和明細的世界分工中追求成本最小化,從而在全球性業(yè)務外包衍生出來的全新供應鏈管理概念。產(chǎn)生的主要原因在于應對全球性外包活動中產(chǎn)生的各種負效應：如供應鏈上企業(yè)由于資金的缺乏而產(chǎn)生“木桶短板”效應等,其均對外包分工中的效率優(yōu)勢和擁有“成本洼地”最終成本節(jié)約的接包方的企業(yè)勞動力優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)生一定程度的抵消作用。在傳統(tǒng)的融資業(yè)務下,商業(yè)銀行遵循《巴塞爾協(xié)議》下的“三性原則”來進行風險管理,在“三性原則”指導下商業(yè)的信貸資源始終偏向于那些財務狀況透明、規(guī)模較大、固定資產(chǎn)多的大型企業(yè)。而供應鏈融資業(yè)務的發(fā)展,使得銀行的信貸資源偏向了那些財務狀況比較不透明的中小企業(yè),近年來供應鏈融資業(yè)務成為了商業(yè)銀行的一個新的利潤增長點。新的業(yè)務需要新的風險理論來指導,供應鏈融資風險管理理論就在這樣的背景下產(chǎn)生了。 在目前供應鏈融資的風險及風險防范研究中,都主要集中在對風險評價體系的構建,但在實際的業(yè)務操作當中,對融資企業(yè)的考察多是客戶經(jīng)理的實際考察和判定。所以,本文在研究過程中運用了定性分析與案例分析兩種方法的結合,從商業(yè)銀行目前的供應鏈融資的主要業(yè)務模式出發(fā),分析商業(yè)銀行供應鏈融資的風險來源,并根據(jù)風險來源進行了風險防范路徑的探討,最后通過案例來說明了在實際操作中如何進行風險防范。 本文共分六章展開研究：第一章,論述了研究的背景與研究的意義,并指出了本文的創(chuàng)新與不足。第二章,論述了供應鏈融資理論與供應鏈融資風險理論的發(fā)展,指出了本文研究的出發(fā)點。第三章分析供應鏈應鏈的運行機制以及供應鏈融資相對于傳統(tǒng)融資的主要優(yōu)勢,并結合案例說明當前主要的商業(yè)銀行供應鏈融資主要模式的特點。第四章在商業(yè)銀行的角度上,結合前人的研究與目前的供應鏈融資主要模式的特點,指出供應鏈應鏈融資業(yè)務中,商業(yè)銀行的主要風險來源,并分析了風險來源形成的機制。第五章針對供應鏈融資的風險來源,進行了風險防范措施的探討。第六章把前面的理論,將其應用到實際的供應鏈融資案例之中,設計出此案例案例應鏈融資方案,并說明此融資方案下的風險防范措施。 本文的主要觀點有：站在商業(yè)銀行的角度分析供應鏈融資的風險來源,風險來源主要有由供應鏈本身特點所引起的風險,由銀行與企業(yè)信息不對稱時所引起的風險,由商業(yè)銀行實際操作而引起的風險,由經(jīng)濟與政策引起的風險。在每一種風險的來源背后結合每種業(yè)務的特點,進行風險防控,比如：在應收賬款類融資的模式下,銀行主要審核下游企業(yè)的付款能力,以及是否對債務進行了完全的把控。在預付類融資模式下,主要審核上游廠商的貨物質量,以及下游廠商對貨物購買力。在存貨類融資模式下,我們主要審核對貨物價值與貨物權利的把控。在此基礎上,本文還提出了建立信息化的平臺實現(xiàn)信息共享解決信息不對稱的風險,以及采取合理的風險補償措施來對沖供應鏈中的經(jīng)濟風險。 本文的創(chuàng)新之處在于：第一、前人在分析供應鏈融資的風險來源時,都是基于供應鏈融資的運行機制進行分析。而本文在分析供應融資中商業(yè)銀行的風險來源時,結合了供應融資的主要業(yè)務模式進行分析,更好的與實際操作相聯(lián)系。第二、在對供應鏈融資風險防范路徑的探討中針對每種業(yè)務模式的不同提出了有針對性的風險防范建議,并通過案例應用證明了風險防范措施的可行性。 本文的不足：本人由于理論水平有限,在對風險進行研究討論時,都是集中在實際操作中具體風險環(huán)節(jié)的防范探討,并未上升到建立全面的風險管理體系的高度。
[Abstract]:In 1980s, supply chain finance began to come to a real figure. It was a new supply chain management concept derived from global business outsourcing, derived from global business tycoons in a growing economic globalization and detailed world division of labor. The main reason for the production is to deal with global outsourcing. All kinds of negative effects produced in the movement, such as the lack of funds on the supply chain, produce the "short board" effect, which all offset the efficiency advantage of the outsourcing division of labor and the labor force advantage of the contractor who has the final cost saving of the "cost depression". The Bank of industry follows the "three principles" under the "Basel agreement" to carry out risk management. Under the guidance of the "three principles", commercial credit resources are always biased towards large enterprises with transparent financial conditions, large scale and fixed assets. The development of supply chain financing has made the bank's credit resources biased toward those financial forms. In recent years, the supply chain financing business has become a new profit growth point for commercial banks. New business needs new risk theory to guide the new business. The theory of supply chain financing risk management has come into being in this context.
In the current research on risk and risk prevention of supply chain financing, the main focus is on the construction of the risk assessment system, but in the actual operation, the investigation of the financing enterprises is mostly the actual inspection and determination of the customer managers. Therefore, this paper uses the combination of two methods of qualitative analysis and case analysis in the study process. Starting from the main business model of the current supply chain financing of commercial banks, the risk sources of supply chain financing in commercial banks are analyzed, and the risk prevention path is discussed according to the source of risk. Finally, a case is given to illustrate how to carry out risk prevention in the actual operation.
This paper is divided into six chapters: Chapter 1, the background and significance of the study are discussed, and the innovation and deficiency of this article are pointed out. The second chapter discusses the development of supply chain financing theory and supply chain financing risk theory, and points out the starting point of this study. The third chapter analyses the operating mechanism and supply chain of supply chain. The main advantages of financing relative to traditional financing, and the characteristics of the main mode of supply chain financing of the main commercial banks are illustrated by the case. The fourth chapter points out the main risks of the commercial banks in the supply chain chain financing business with the characteristics of the previous research and the current main modes of supply chain financing in the perspective of commercial banks. The fifth chapter discusses the risk prevention measures for the source of supply chain financing. The sixth chapter applies the previous theory to the actual supply chain financing cases, and designs the case chain financing scheme, and explains the risk prevention model under this financing scheme. Shi.
The main points of this paper are as follows: from the perspective of commercial banks, the source of risk of supply chain financing is analyzed. The risk sources are mainly caused by the characteristics of the supply chain, the risk caused by the asymmetric information of the bank and the enterprise, the risk caused by the actual operation of the commercial bank, the risk caused by the economy and policy. The source of the risk is combined with the characteristics of each business. For example, in the mode of account receivable financing, the bank mainly audits the payment capacity of the downstream enterprises and whether the debt is completely controlled. Under the prepaid financing model, the quality of the goods of the upstream manufacturers is mainly audited, and the downstream manufacturers are concerned. In the model of inventory financing, we mainly review the control of the value of goods and the rights of goods. On this basis, this paper also puts forward a information sharing platform to realize information sharing to solve the risk of information asymmetry and to adopt reasonable risk compensation measures to hedge the economic risk in the supply chain.
The innovation of this article lies in the following: first, when analyzing the source of risk of supply chain financing, the former is based on the operation mechanism of supply chain financing. In this paper, the main business model of supply and financing is analyzed in the analysis of the risk sources of the commercial banks in supply and financing, and better related to the actual operation. Two, in the discussion of the risk prevention path of supply chain financing, a targeted risk prevention proposal is proposed for the difference of each business model, and the feasibility of the risk prevention measures is proved by case application.
The shortage of this article: because of the limited theoretical level, when studying and discussing the risk, I have focused on the prevention and discussion of the specific risk link in the actual operation, and did not rise to the height of the establishment of a comprehensive risk management system.

【學位授予單位】：西南財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F832.33

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