發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-14 15:31

  本文選題：農(nóng)村金融　切入點(diǎn)：金融排斥　出處：《中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：金融排斥是指一部分金融主體由于個(gè)人原因、地域限制、行業(yè)、組織等因素，無(wú)法通過(guò)合理的渠道獲得公平、便捷的金融產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的現(xiàn)象。相比于發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家來(lái)說(shuō)，發(fā)展中國(guó)家由于體制不健全、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平不高、金融制度不完善等因素更容易造成金融排斥。同樣一個(gè)國(guó)家中，相比于城市來(lái)說(shuō)，農(nóng)村地區(qū)由于地理位置較為偏僻、農(nóng)民收入水平低下、受教育程度不高等等因素使得農(nóng)村地區(qū)金融主體所享受的金融產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不及城市，農(nóng)村金融的發(fā)展更容易導(dǎo)致農(nóng)村地區(qū)的金融排斥。當(dāng)然，金融排斥問(wèn)題并不僅僅存在于發(fā)展中國(guó)家，發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家也存在金融排斥的現(xiàn)象。金融排斥也并不是農(nóng)村地區(qū)金融發(fā)展才具有的，只是相比城市來(lái)說(shuō)，由于長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)形成的二元結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，農(nóng)村地區(qū)金融排斥現(xiàn)象更為嚴(yán)重。 農(nóng)村地區(qū)的金融排斥現(xiàn)象充分說(shuō)明了當(dāng)前我國(guó)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過(guò)程中，現(xiàn)有經(jīng)濟(jì)體制不健全、資源分配不均、農(nóng)村地區(qū)金融資源缺乏，以及政府部門(mén)在農(nóng)村金融協(xié)調(diào)管理中的失靈。而當(dāng)前國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)金融排斥的研究大多保持在金融深度的領(lǐng)域，金融寬度的研究則很少涉及，研究也尚不完善。金融深度是指金融資產(chǎn)的增長(zhǎng)，金融寬度則主要指金融產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的可得性。因此，本文從農(nóng)戶這一微觀視角對(duì)金融排斥問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析，對(duì)我國(guó)農(nóng)村地區(qū)金融排斥的區(qū)域差異性進(jìn)行研究，并探尋破解金融排斥的路徑，不但拓寬了金融排斥的研究范圍，對(duì)金融寬度的研究提供了理論指導(dǎo)和借鑒，，同時(shí)對(duì)于改善農(nóng)村地區(qū)金融排斥現(xiàn)象，實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村地區(qū)金融資源合理配置也具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文以我國(guó)農(nóng)村地區(qū)金融排斥現(xiàn)象為主要研究對(duì)象，在普惠制金融體系構(gòu)建的大背景下，對(duì)我國(guó)農(nóng)村各地區(qū)金融排斥問(wèn)題的區(qū)域差異性進(jìn)行了研究。 本文首先構(gòu)建了科學(xué)合理的指標(biāo)，運(yùn)用變異系數(shù)法，對(duì)我國(guó)農(nóng)村各地區(qū)金融排斥指數(shù)進(jìn)行了測(cè)算，全面的統(tǒng)計(jì)了我國(guó)農(nóng)村地區(qū)的金融排斥現(xiàn)象，并對(duì)各區(qū)域的農(nóng)村金融服務(wù)狀況進(jìn)行了比較，探討了我國(guó)農(nóng)村地區(qū)產(chǎn)生金融排斥現(xiàn)象的原因。其次，本文運(yùn)用系統(tǒng)聚類(lèi)分析的Ward計(jì)算方法對(duì)我國(guó)農(nóng)村各地區(qū)金融排斥現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了聚類(lèi)分析，同時(shí)運(yùn)用數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析法（DEA）對(duì)我國(guó)農(nóng)村金融效率進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)，研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，我國(guó)農(nóng)村地區(qū)金融排斥問(wèn)題區(qū)域差異性明顯，金融資源配比不均衡，金融排斥總體呈現(xiàn)自東向西的階梯性排斥遞增現(xiàn)象，即東部地區(qū)金融排斥程度較輕，中部地區(qū)次之，而西部地區(qū)金融排斥現(xiàn)象較為嚴(yán)重。再次，本文測(cè)算了各影響因素與金融排斥的皮爾遜相關(guān)系數(shù)，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，家庭人均純收入、人均消費(fèi)支出、農(nóng)村地區(qū)通信水平以及農(nóng)民受教育水平等因素對(duì)金融排斥現(xiàn)象的影響較為顯著。最后本文對(duì)金融排斥的形成機(jī)理和傳遞效應(yīng)進(jìn)行了分析，并在此基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)我國(guó)農(nóng)村地區(qū)金融排斥的具體情況，從三個(gè)方面提出了破解我國(guó)農(nóng)村金融排斥現(xiàn)狀的路徑和對(duì)策。一是建立普惠性的金融體系；二是改善農(nóng)村金融生態(tài)環(huán)境；三是因地制宜的制定緩解對(duì)策。
[Abstract]:Financial exclusion refers to a part of the financial subject due to personal reasons, geographical restrictions, industry, organization and other factors, not through reasonable channels to obtain equity, financial products and services, the phenomenon of convenient. Compared to the developed countries, developing countries because the system is not perfect, economic development level is not high, the financial system is not perfect and other factors more easily due to financial exclusion. The same country, compared to the city, rural areas due to the geographical location is more remote, farmers' income level, education level is not high and other factors make the rural areas financial subjects enjoy financial products and services is far less than the city, the development of rural finance more easily lead to Financial Exclusion in rural areas of course, the problem of Financial Exclusion exists not only in developing countries, there are also financial exclusion phenomenon in developed countries is not the rural financial exclusion. The development of regional finance is only in fact, but compared to the city, the Financial Exclusion in rural areas is more serious because of the two yuan structure which has been formed for a long time.
Financial Exclusion in rural areas shows that the development of our country's rural economy, the current economic system is not perfect, uneven distribution of resources, lack of financial resources in rural areas, and government failure in coordination management in rural finance. And the current domestic and foreign scholars mostly keep research on Financial Exclusion in financial depth study on the financial field, the width is rarely involved, the research is not perfect. The financial depth refers to financial asset growth, financial breadth mainly refers to the financial products and services available. Therefore, this paper from the analysis of the problem of financial exclusion from the perspective of farmers, to study the regional differences of financial exclusion in rural areas, and to solve the Financial Exclusion path, not only broadens the scope of the study of Financial Exclusion, provide theoretical guidance and reference for research on financial width, at the same time It is of certain practical significance to improve the Financial Exclusion in rural areas and to realize the rational allocation of financial resources in rural areas.
Taking the Financial Exclusion in rural areas as the main research object, this paper studies the regional differences of Financial Exclusion in rural areas under the background of the construction of GSP financial system.
This paper first constructs a scientific and reasonable index, using variation coefficient method, the area of China's Rural Financial Exclusion index were calculated, comprehensive statistics of Financial Exclusion in rural areas of our country, and the regional rural financial service status were compared and discussed the reasons of financial exclusion phenomenon in rural areas in this paper. Secondly, using the cluster analysis calculation method of Ward cluster analysis was carried out in various regions of China's rural financial exclusion phenomenon, at the same time, using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) on the efficiency of rural finance in China were evaluated, the results of the study showed that China's rural financial exclusion problem of regional differences is obvious, the ratio of financial resources are not balanced, the overall presentation of the financial exclusion from the east to the west of the ladder rejection increasing phenomenon, namely East Financial Exclusion to a lesser extent, followed by the central region and the western region. Financial exclusion phenomenon is more serious. Thirdly, this thesis analyzes the influencing factors of Financial Exclusion and Pearson correlation coefficient, the results showed that the average household income, per capita consumption expenditure, rural areas and farmers communication level and educational level of influence on the financial exclusion phenomenon is significant. Finally, this paper analyzes the formation mechanism of Financial Exclusion and transfer effect, and on this basis, according to the specific situation of China's Rural Financial Exclusion, put forward the path and Countermeasure of Rural Financial Exclusion status from three aspects. One is to establish inclusive financial system; the two is to improve the rural financial ecological environment; three is the local mitigation strategy.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832.35

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