本文關(guān)鍵詞： 外商直接投資（FDI） 整車制造業(yè) 配件工業(yè) 技術(shù)溢出 自主創(chuàng)新　出處：《江南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)自改革開放以來吸引了大量外國(guó)直接投資(FDI)，除了為彌補(bǔ)國(guó)內(nèi)資金缺口，更看重的是其對(duì)我國(guó)技術(shù)進(jìn)步的影響。汽車業(yè)是國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)重要的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)，產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈長(zhǎng)、關(guān)聯(lián)度高，也是吸收FDI量較大的產(chǎn)業(yè)。但是，關(guān)于 市場(chǎng)換技術(shù)‖收效甚微、跨國(guó)公司擠占了本土企業(yè)生存空間的質(zhì)疑不斷，外資技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)的多寡倍受各方關(guān)注。在此背景下重新審視引進(jìn)FDI的利和弊，分析FDI對(duì)我國(guó)汽車業(yè)的技術(shù)進(jìn)步的影響具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文首先對(duì)我國(guó)汽車業(yè)FDI的發(fā)展情況進(jìn)行了分析，，包括其在華直接投資的歷程、現(xiàn)狀和特點(diǎn)，以及引進(jìn)FDI對(duì)我國(guó)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的影響。作者實(shí)證分析了FDI對(duì)整個(gè)汽車業(yè)的直接效應(yīng)，利用1998-2012年的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)我國(guó)整車和汽車配件行業(yè)的技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)進(jìn)行實(shí)證比較，同時(shí)通過計(jì)量模型檢驗(yàn)FDI對(duì)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)自主創(chuàng)新能力的作用，結(jié)論表明，整車行業(yè)獲得的技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)主要來自行業(yè)內(nèi)的外資的技術(shù)溢出，配件行業(yè)則獲得來自行業(yè)間和行業(yè)內(nèi)的外資的技術(shù)溢出，且整車行業(yè)利用外資對(duì)配件行業(yè)產(chǎn)生的技術(shù)溢出大于配件行業(yè)其自身的FDI行業(yè)內(nèi)溢出效應(yīng)。本文發(fā)現(xiàn)，F(xiàn)DI促進(jìn)了汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)整體自主創(chuàng)新能力的提高，有利于代表核心技術(shù)創(chuàng)新成果的發(fā)明專利產(chǎn)出，但是對(duì)實(shí)用新型和外觀設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)生了擠出作用。 本文試圖從多角度分析整車行業(yè)和配件行業(yè)外資溢出效果不同的原因。整車制造業(yè)較大的內(nèi)外資技術(shù)差距、較強(qiáng)的吸收能力，以及行業(yè)投資方式的要求，都有利于其獲得較大的行業(yè)內(nèi)技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)。由于行業(yè)間上下游關(guān)聯(lián)度、吸收意愿、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)程度、技術(shù)先進(jìn)度等因素，配件行業(yè)吸收到來自整車制造業(yè)FDI的行業(yè)間技術(shù)溢出，但整車行業(yè)沒有獲得來自配件工業(yè)FDI的行業(yè)間溢出。外資科技活動(dòng)積極，專利產(chǎn)出結(jié)構(gòu)、質(zhì)量等方面具有優(yōu)勢(shì)，有利于提升汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的自主創(chuàng)新能力，尤其對(duì)核心技術(shù)創(chuàng)新具有促進(jìn)作用。本文剖析了我國(guó)汽車業(yè)利用外資存在的問題，并針對(duì)影響FDI作用于我國(guó)汽車業(yè)技術(shù)進(jìn)步的因素，從政府和企業(yè)兩個(gè)角度給出相應(yīng)的政策建議。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China has attracted a large number of foreign direct investment (FDI). In addition to making up for the domestic capital gap, China attaches more importance to its impact on the technological progress of our country. The automobile industry is an important pillar industry of the national economy, with a long industrial chain and a high degree of relevance. It is also an industry that absorbs a large amount of FDI. However, the market exchange technology has had little effect, and multinational corporations have been constantly questioning whether they have taken up the survival space of local enterprises. The amount of technology spillover effect of foreign capital has attracted much attention. Under this background, it is of great practical significance to re-examine the advantages and disadvantages of introducing FDI and to analyze the impact of FDI on the technological progress of China's auto industry. This paper first analyzes the development of China's auto industry FDI, including the history, current situation and characteristics of its direct investment in China. The author empirically analyzes the direct effect of FDI on the whole automobile industry, and compares the technology spillover effect of China's automobile and auto parts industry with the data from 1998 to 2012. At the same time, the effect of FDI on the independent innovation ability of automobile industry is tested by econometric model. The conclusion shows that the technology spillover effect obtained by the whole automobile industry mainly comes from the technology spillover of foreign capital in the whole industry. The accessories industry, on the other hand, obtains technology spillovers from foreign investment both within and between industries, Moreover, the technology spillover effect of foreign investment in auto industry is greater than that in FDI industry. This paper finds that FDI promotes the improvement of independent innovation ability of automobile industry as a whole. It is beneficial to the patent output representing the core technological innovation, but it has the function of squeezing out the utility model and exterior design. This paper attempts to analyze the reasons for the different spillover effects of foreign investment in the whole automobile industry and the accessories industry from various angles, the large gap between domestic and foreign capital technology in the automobile manufacturing industry, the strong absorptive capacity, as well as the requirements of the investment mode of the industry. Because of the related degree of upstream and downstream, the willingness to absorb, the degree of competition, the advanced degree of technology and so on, the accessories industry absorbs the inter-industry technology spillover from FDI in the whole automobile manufacturing industry. But the whole automobile industry has not obtained the inter-industry spillover from the accessories industry FDI. Foreign investment in science and technology activities, patent output structure, quality and other aspects have advantages, which is conducive to the promotion of the automotive industry's independent innovation ability. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the utilization of foreign capital in China's automobile industry, and aims at the factors that affect the technological progress of China's automobile industry by FDI. From the government and the enterprise two angles to give the corresponding policy recommendations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F832.6;F273.1;F426.471

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