本文關(guān)鍵詞： 公共政策 西部農(nóng)村金融 反貧困 VAR FGT指數(shù)　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：公共政策具有明顯的跨學(xué)科性，并被廣泛應(yīng)用于社會各個領(lǐng)域。公共政策制定和執(zhí)行的根本目的是解決社會公共問題，推動社會協(xié)調(diào)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。貧困被公認(rèn)為普遍存在的社會問題，已經(jīng)上升為一個國家的政策問題。政府作為反貧困的政策主體，在反貧困中也負(fù)有不可推卸的公共責(zé)任，必須正確的制定和有效的實(shí)施反貧困的公共政策。但隨著政策環(huán)境和問題的復(fù)雜多變，反貧困的公共政策在執(zhí)行中的難度加大，加之我國現(xiàn)有反貧困的公共政策設(shè)計較為寬泛，嚴(yán)重影響反貧困的政策目標(biāo)。資金匱乏是農(nóng)村貧困的重要原因，通過宏觀政策增加貧困農(nóng)戶資金的可獲得性，探索能夠優(yōu)化和規(guī)范農(nóng)村金融反貧困的公共政策體系，增強(qiáng)農(nóng)村的資金融通能力。無疑為促進(jìn)我國政治穩(wěn)定、民族團(tuán)結(jié)、邊疆穩(wěn)定、社會和諧發(fā)揮舉足輕重的作用，并為進(jìn)一步推動全球減貧事業(yè)發(fā)展起到促進(jìn)作用。 本研究共分為總論、理論、實(shí)證和對策4部分6章內(nèi)容。首先，，本文對西部農(nóng)村金融反貧困的背景、內(nèi)容框架、意義進(jìn)行總體分析。其次，以公共政策視角下對國內(nèi)外農(nóng)村金融反貧困的相關(guān)理論和文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行梳理和總結(jié)。再次，對我國建國以來各時期農(nóng)村金融反貧困政策演變過程進(jìn)行總結(jié)，并對美洲、歐洲和亞洲等地區(qū)農(nóng)村金融反貧困的主導(dǎo)模式、機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置和優(yōu)惠扶持政策等方面加以總結(jié)。最后，采用1986-2011年時間序列數(shù)據(jù)，利用向量自回歸模型（VAR），分別探討西部地區(qū)農(nóng)村金融對反貧困的長、短期影響。實(shí)證結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，從長期看，西部農(nóng)村金融與反貧困具有顯著的正向關(guān)系，發(fā)現(xiàn)西部農(nóng)村金融并未成為促進(jìn)貧困減少的重要因素；但從短期來看，西部農(nóng)村金融與貧困減少分別具有不顯著的負(fù)向關(guān)系。由此來看，在我國公共政策視角下西部農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展并未成為反貧困的主要措施。 基于上述實(shí)證結(jié)論，本文從公共政策角度探討了西部農(nóng)村金融并未促進(jìn)反貧困的原因，主要包括公共政策主體約束、扶貧政策對客體瞄準(zhǔn)機(jī)制偏差、公共政策環(huán)境約束、公共政策工具失衡等。在此基礎(chǔ)上，本文從優(yōu)化和提升公共政策主體能力、改善和提高公共政策客體瞄準(zhǔn)機(jī)制、構(gòu)建和優(yōu)化農(nóng)村金融的公共政策環(huán)境、推行和實(shí)施高效的公共政策工具四個方面，設(shè)計了公共政策視角下優(yōu)化我國農(nóng)村金融反貧困的政策體系，對逐步構(gòu)建一個寬領(lǐng)域、廣覆蓋和多層次的農(nóng)村金融反貧困的公共政策優(yōu)化體系，緩解我國廣大西部農(nóng)村地區(qū)貧困具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:Public policy has obvious interdisciplinary nature and is widely used in various fields of society. The fundamental purpose of public policy formulation and implementation is to solve social public problems. Promote the coordinated and stable development of society. Poverty has been recognized as a widespread social problem, has risen to a national policy problem. The government as the main body of anti-poverty policy. In the anti-poverty also has the inescapable public responsibility, must correctly formulate and the effective implementation anti-poverty public policy, but with the policy environment and the question complex and changeable. The implementation of anti-poverty public policy is more difficult, coupled with the broad design of the existing anti-poverty public policy in China, which seriously affects the anti-poverty policy objectives. The lack of funds is an important reason for rural poverty. Through the macro-policy to increase the availability of funds for poor farmers, to explore the optimization and regulation of rural financial anti-poverty public policy system, to enhance the ability of rural finance financing, undoubtedly to promote political stability in China. National unity, border stability and social harmony play an important role in promoting the development of global poverty reduction. This research is divided into four chapters: general theory, theory, empirical and countermeasures. First, this paper makes a general analysis of the background, content framework and significance of anti-poverty in western rural finance. From the perspective of public policy, this paper combs and summarizes the relevant theories and literature of rural financial anti-poverty at home and abroad. Thirdly, it summarizes the evolution process of anti-poverty policy of rural finance in various periods since the founding of the people's Republic of China. Finally, the paper summarizes the dominant mode of rural financial anti-poverty, institutional setup and preferential support policies in the Americas, Europe and Asia. Finally, the time series data of 1986-2011 are used. By using the vector autoregressive model (VARA), this paper discusses the long-term and short-term effects of rural finance on anti-poverty in western China. The empirical results show that in the long run. The western rural finance has a significant positive relationship with anti-poverty, and it is found that the western rural finance has not become an important factor to promote poverty reduction. However, in the short term, the western rural finance and poverty reduction have not significant negative relationship, so the western rural finance development has not become the main anti-poverty measure under the public policy angle of view of our country. Based on the above empirical conclusions, this paper discusses the reasons why western rural finance does not promote anti-poverty from the perspective of public policy, mainly including the constraint of public policy subject and the deviation of targeting mechanism between poverty alleviation policy and object. On the basis of this, this paper optimizes and promotes the ability of public policy subject, and improves the targeting mechanism of public policy object. This paper constructs and optimizes the public policy environment of rural finance, promotes and implements the effective public policy tools, and designs the policy system to optimize the anti-poverty policy system of rural finance in our country from the perspective of public policy. It is of great significance to gradually construct a broad field, wide coverage and multi-level public policy optimization system of rural finance anti-poverty, and alleviate the poverty in the vast western rural areas of China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F832.35;D63

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本文編號：1445508