本文關(guān)鍵詞：利率市場(chǎng)化下的村鎮(zhèn)銀行定位分析　出處：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：目前我國(guó)利率市場(chǎng)化已經(jīng)進(jìn)入快速推進(jìn)階段，是我國(guó)金融改革的重要舉措，他從根本上改變了我國(guó)金融市場(chǎng)的價(jià)格機(jī)制，引導(dǎo)了整個(gè)金融體系的平衡。借鑒別國(guó)利率市場(chǎng)化經(jīng)驗(yàn)可以得知，利率市場(chǎng)化是場(chǎng)長(zhǎng)期的、曲線的變革。它能金融資源的重新配置，優(yōu)化金融效率，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，但也會(huì)帶來(lái)不可預(yù)知的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。我國(guó)作為發(fā)展中國(guó)家，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不平衡，中西差距、城鄉(xiāng)差距顯著。在這種情況下，作為新興農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)的村鎮(zhèn)銀行必須根據(jù)自身特點(diǎn)實(shí)施應(yīng)對(duì)策略已達(dá)到應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)抓住機(jī)遇的目的。 本文首先羅列了利率市場(chǎng)化中國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者的研究成果，提出了改革中的問(wèn)題；羅列了國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)村鎮(zhèn)銀行的研究成果，總結(jié)了村鎮(zhèn)銀行的發(fā)展問(wèn)題并提出解決方案。其次以三個(gè)具有代表性的國(guó)家為例，對(duì)美國(guó)、日本、阿根廷利率市場(chǎng)化改革的措施和方案進(jìn)行了分析，探討了不同經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展情況的國(guó)家改革的不同措施以及不同結(jié)果，并提出了利率市場(chǎng)化可能對(duì)我國(guó)銀行業(yè)產(chǎn)生的影響。然后回顧了我國(guó)以往的利率市場(chǎng)化步驟，提出了我國(guó)改革中的問(wèn)題和利率市場(chǎng)化對(duì)村鎮(zhèn)銀行營(yíng)業(yè)的影響。運(yùn)用SWOT分析法綜合分析了村鎮(zhèn)銀行面對(duì)利率的變革自身的優(yōu)劣勢(shì)，和外部的機(jī)遇挑戰(zhàn)，針對(duì)當(dāng)前我國(guó)村鎮(zhèn)銀行市場(chǎng)定位的現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況，分析影響其市場(chǎng)定位的基本并相應(yīng)提出了解決方案。在利率市場(chǎng)化進(jìn)程加快的背景下，本文具有一定實(shí)用價(jià)值。 在目前的國(guó)際金融形勢(shì)下，我國(guó)推進(jìn)利率市場(chǎng)化銀行業(yè)面臨著利率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，對(duì)利率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的預(yù)測(cè)監(jiān)控能力直接影響了銀行在金融競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中的生存能力。第一，我國(guó)銀行業(yè)長(zhǎng)期在利率管制之下，不需要對(duì)利率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)，對(duì)利率的不重視使得自身對(duì)利率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的識(shí)別、分析、防控水平較低，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防控機(jī)制沒(méi)有貫徹，無(wú)法對(duì)大環(huán)境的變化進(jìn)行對(duì)應(yīng)。第二，村鎮(zhèn)銀行的主要收入來(lái)源是存貸差，中間業(yè)務(wù)少，資產(chǎn)負(fù)債不合理，因此利率的波動(dòng)會(huì)造成巨大影響。最后，我國(guó)對(duì)金融業(yè)監(jiān)督管理出臺(tái)法規(guī)不多，沒(méi)有形成體系，證券、貨幣市場(chǎng)不完善，都會(huì)對(duì)村鎮(zhèn)銀行造成影響。基于此，本文也在最后提出了建議：村鎮(zhèn)銀行應(yīng)著手建立利率防控機(jī)制，應(yīng)對(duì)利率市場(chǎng)化；加強(qiáng)中間業(yè)務(wù)，利用金融工具降低利率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；國(guó)家加強(qiáng)對(duì)金融機(jī)構(gòu)的監(jiān)管并出臺(tái)具體法律法規(guī)等。 加入了WTO對(duì)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)提出了更高的要求，我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)制和經(jīng)濟(jì)配置與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家尚有差距，我們只有提高自身才能在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中把劣勢(shì)轉(zhuǎn)為優(yōu)勢(shì)，抓住機(jī)會(huì)搶住先機(jī)。利率市場(chǎng)化就是我國(guó)提高市場(chǎng)機(jī)制的重要一步，這也使得我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)更加開(kāi)放，，更加包容。
[Abstract]:At present our country interest rate marketization has entered the fast advancement stage, is our country financial reform important measure, he fundamentally changed our country financial market price mechanism. Guide the balance of the whole financial system. Draw lessons from other countries' interest rate marketization experience, we can know that interest rate marketization is a long-term, curve change. It can reconfigure financial resources and optimize financial efficiency. Promote economic development, but also bring unpredictable risks. As a developing country, China's economic development is uneven, the gap between China and the West, the gap between urban and rural areas is significant. Village banks, as new rural financial institutions, must implement coping strategies according to their own characteristics. This paper first lists the research results of domestic and foreign scholars in the interest rate marketization, and puts forward the problems in the reform. Listed the domestic and foreign scholars on the village bank research results, summed up the development of village banks and put forward solutions. Secondly, three representative countries as an example, to the United States, Japan. The measures and schemes of interest rate marketization reform in Argentina are analyzed, and the different measures and results of national reform with different economic development are discussed. It also puts forward the possible impact of interest rate liberalization on China's banking industry, and then reviews the previous steps of interest rate marketization in China. This paper puts forward the problems in the reform of our country and the influence of interest rate marketization on the operation of village banks. By using SWOT analysis, the author comprehensively analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of village banks facing the reform of interest rate, and the external opportunities and challenges. In view of the current situation of market positioning of village and town banks in our country, this paper analyzes the basic factors affecting the market positioning and puts forward corresponding solutions. Under the background of speeding up the process of interest rate marketization, this paper has certain practical value. Under the current international financial situation, our country promotes the interest rate marketization banking to face the interest rate risk, the forecast monitoring ability to the interest rate risk has directly affected the bank survival ability in the financial competition. First. China's banking industry has long been under the interest rate control, do not need to predict the interest rate risk, the interest rate does not attach importance to the interest rate risk identification, analysis, low level of prevention and control, risk prevention and control mechanism has not been implemented. Can not correspond to the changes in the environment. Second, the main source of income of rural banks is the difference between deposits and loans, less intermediate business, unreasonable assets and liabilities, so the fluctuation of interest rate will cause a huge impact. Finally. There are not many laws and regulations on the supervision and management of the financial industry in our country, no system is formed, the securities and the money market are not perfect, all of them will have an impact on the village banks. Based on this. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions: village banks should set up interest rate prevention and control mechanism to deal with the marketization of interest rate; Strengthen intermediary business and use financial instruments to reduce interest rate risk; The state strengthens the supervision of financial institutions and issues specific laws and regulations. China's entry into WTO has put forward higher requirements for our economy. There is still a gap between China's economic mechanism and economic allocation and developed countries. Only by improving ourselves can we turn our inferiority into advantage in the competition. The marketization of interest rate is an important step to improve the market mechanism, which also makes our economy more open and tolerant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F832.1;F832.35

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