本文關(guān)鍵詞：小微企業(yè)信用評級體系研究　出處：《江蘇科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 小微企業(yè) 融資難 信用評級體系 指標(biāo)體系 監(jiān)管體系

【摘要】：小微企業(yè)作為國民經(jīng)濟的基礎(chǔ)，其發(fā)展?fàn)顩r直接影響我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平。內(nèi)外需同時不振，“三高兩難”（生產(chǎn)成本高、勞動力成本高、稅負高和融資難、扶持政策落實難）問題，嚴重地阻礙了小微企業(yè)發(fā)展。其中融資難問題已成為制約小微企業(yè)發(fā)展的最大障礙。小微企業(yè)融資難的本質(zhì)在于信用問題，首先，小微企業(yè)信用缺位，限制其融資渠道；其次，金融機構(gòu)缺乏針對企業(yè)特性的信用評級指標(biāo)體系，無法真正了解企業(yè)經(jīng)營狀況與信用水平；再次，社會信用體系尚處建設(shè)期，信用信息獲取難，加大其融資成本。因此，構(gòu)建小微企業(yè)信用評級體系成為擺脫融資困境的重要出路。 本文首先對融資難的現(xiàn)實表現(xiàn)、引發(fā)后果以及原因進行分析。針對原因分析中的信用問題，提出通過構(gòu)建小微企業(yè)信用評級體系，來緩解融資壓力。在設(shè)計評級體系框架時，，結(jié)合考慮了評級活動的過程與體系運行的保障兩大因素。提出了“一個數(shù)據(jù)庫，兩個體系”的框架構(gòu)想，即小微企業(yè)信用信息數(shù)據(jù)庫、小微企業(yè)信用評級指標(biāo)體系、信用評級監(jiān)管體系。 其次，對小微企業(yè)信用評級體系的各個組成部分進行分析，在信用信息數(shù)據(jù)庫方面，針對小微企業(yè)信息采集、整合與數(shù)據(jù)庫運行出現(xiàn)的問題，提出建立全國統(tǒng)一數(shù)據(jù)庫、實現(xiàn)資源共享、創(chuàng)新其運行模式等對策來解決小微企業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)庫問題；在評級信用指標(biāo)體系方面，為解決現(xiàn)行指標(biāo)體系不適用于小微企業(yè)，本文在以往眾多指標(biāo)體系的研究基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合企業(yè)特征，重構(gòu)小微企業(yè)信用評級指標(biāo)體系；在信用評級監(jiān)管體系方面，通過分析美日歐的監(jiān)管體系，借鑒優(yōu)秀經(jīng)驗，來達到完善我國信用評級監(jiān)管體系的目的。 再次，運用新的評級指標(biāo)體系對SX建材有限公司進行評級案例分析，從單個案例角度分析評級指標(biāo)體系可行性。
[Abstract]:As the foundation of the national economy, the development of small and micro enterprises has a direct impact on the level of economic development of our country. At the same time, the "three high dilemmas" (high production cost, high labor cost, high tax burden and difficult financing). The problem of supporting policy has seriously hindered the development of small and micro enterprises. Among them, the problem of financing has become the biggest obstacle to the development of small and micro enterprises. The essence of financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises lies in the problem of credit, first of all. The credit vacancy of small and micro enterprises limits their financing channels; Secondly, the financial institutions lack the credit rating index system according to the characteristics of the enterprises, and can not really understand the business situation and the credit level of the enterprises. Thirdly, the social credit system is still in the construction period, it is difficult to obtain the credit information and increase its financing cost. Therefore, the construction of the credit rating system of small and micro enterprises becomes an important way out of the financing predicament. Firstly, this paper analyzes the real performance, the consequences and the causes of the financing difficulties. Aiming at the credit problems in the cause analysis, this paper puts forward to construct the credit rating system of small and micro enterprises. In order to alleviate the financing pressure. In the design of rating system framework, considering the process of rating activities and the system operation of the two major factors, put forward the "one database, two systems" framework concept. Namely small and micro enterprise credit information database, small micro enterprise credit rating index system, credit rating supervision system. Secondly, the small and micro enterprise credit rating system components of the analysis, in the credit information database, for small and micro enterprise information collection, integration and database operation problems. The paper puts forward some countermeasures to solve the database problem of small and micro enterprises, such as establishing national unified database, realizing resource sharing and innovating its operation mode. In the aspect of credit rating index system, in order to solve the problem that the current index system is not suitable for small and micro enterprises, this paper reconstructs the credit rating index system of small and micro enterprises on the basis of the previous research of many index systems and combined with the characteristics of enterprises. In the aspect of credit rating supervision system, by analyzing the supervision system of America, Japan and Europe, and drawing on the excellent experience, we can perfect the credit rating supervision system of our country. Thirdly, using the new rating index system to analyze the case of SX Building Materials Co., Ltd., and analyze the feasibility of the rating index system from a single case point of view.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F276.3;F275;F832.4

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