本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于阿瑪?shù)賮喩瓩?quán)利方法的小微企業(yè)融資可獲得性研究　出處：《中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：擺脫貧困、促進(jìn)國民財富增長是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的主題,這并不容易,貧困與饑荒時常相伴,森提出了“權(quán)利方法”研究饑荒,幾乎否定了EAD對饑荒的解釋,權(quán)利方法強調(diào)了市場、社會公正在解決饑荒等災(zāi)難中的重要性�，F(xiàn)實中小微企業(yè)經(jīng)歷著某種融資的“饑荒”,“融資難”反映了其強烈的融資訴求。 在權(quán)利方法看來,影響小微企業(yè)融資權(quán)利與可獲得性的主要因素為小微企業(yè)自有的資源稟賦、融資權(quán)利映射系統(tǒng)以及貨幣資源,這三種因素在小微企業(yè)融資權(quán)利中發(fā)揮著不同的作用,資源稟賦起到了基礎(chǔ)性作用,融資權(quán)利映射系統(tǒng)則決定了有多少資源稟賦可以映射到貨幣資金,貨幣資源的分配則影響了小微企業(yè)信貸市場上信貸資金的稀缺性。 在小微企業(yè)的資源稟賦中,流動資產(chǎn)、固定資產(chǎn)等有形資源稟賦對小微企業(yè)融資的作用要大于其他資源稟賦,盡管技術(shù)、生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營能力、信用等資源稟賦開始發(fā)揮一定的融資作用了,這說明小微企業(yè)融資狀況正在向好的方向轉(zhuǎn)變,但是這種改善也是相對有限的,傳統(tǒng)的“抵質(zhì)押物”貸款模式已經(jīng)松動,對小微企業(yè)融資權(quán)利起到改善作用。在小微企業(yè)融資權(quán)利映射系統(tǒng)方面,權(quán)利映射系統(tǒng)對小微企業(yè)融資可獲得性具有最直接的作用,決策者可以通過制度供給來實現(xiàn)小微企業(yè)融資權(quán)利映射系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化,隨著融資權(quán)利映射系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化,其彈性也在不斷發(fā)生變化。決策者通過扭轉(zhuǎn)對小微企業(yè)的歧視、金融機(jī)構(gòu)多元化、金融機(jī)構(gòu)向小微企業(yè)融資供給能力的培育推動小微企業(yè)融資權(quán)利映射系統(tǒng)的變遷,系統(tǒng)的變遷有效改善了小微企業(yè)融資權(quán)利,貸款利率自由化進(jìn)一步釋放了小微企業(yè)信貸市場的活力,為小微企業(yè)信貸市場有效運行進(jìn)一步創(chuàng)造了有利條件；權(quán)利映射系統(tǒng)在微觀層面則是機(jī)構(gòu)及其信息生產(chǎn)問題,不存在最先進(jìn)的小微企業(yè)融資模式,機(jī)構(gòu)只能依據(jù)自有的信息結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行信息生產(chǎn)的分工向小微企業(yè)供給融資,通過機(jī)構(gòu)的比較來看,都能取得較好的績效,商業(yè)銀行對小微企業(yè)融資供給路徑也要遵循信息生產(chǎn)的原則。在貨幣資源的融資權(quán)利分析中發(fā)現(xiàn)并非貨幣資源的絕對量降低了小微企業(yè)融資可獲得性,而是貨幣資源的分配以及小微企業(yè)信貸市場存在著不同的市場勢力妨礙了小微企業(yè)融資權(quán)利的改善。 最后研究表明,一個有效運行的信貸市場要優(yōu)于政府的直接干預(yù)、補貼小微企業(yè)融資,政府的最佳作用不是干預(yù)、控制市場,而是要構(gòu)建一個有效運行的小微企業(yè)信貸市場,從而改善小微企業(yè)融資權(quán)利。小微企業(yè)融資狀況的改善需要多方面協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn),培育與小微企業(yè)資源稟賦相關(guān)的要素市場,提高小微企業(yè)資源稟賦的變現(xiàn)能力以及流通性,繼續(xù)推動金融機(jī)構(gòu)多元化,提高金融市場競爭程度,創(chuàng)新并傳播小額信貸技術(shù)都是改善小微企業(yè)融資的必要政策。
[Abstract]:Get rid of poverty, promote the growth of national wealth is the theme of economic development, it is not easy, often accompanied by poverty and famine, Sen put forward "study on famine rights method", almost negate the EAD of the famine, the right approach emphasizes the importance of social justice in the market, solve the famine and other disasters in the reality of small and micro enterprises experience. A financing "famine", "financing" reflects its strong financing demands.
In the view of the right method, micro enterprise financing rights and the main factors can be acquired for Small and micro businesses own resources of financing rights and monetary resources mapping system, these three factors in Small and micro businesses financing rights play different roles, resources to play a fundamental role in financing rights, mapping the system determines how many resources can be mapped to the monetary funds, allocation of monetary resources is affected by the scarcity of credit funds Small and micro businesses on the credit market.
In Small and micro businesses resources, current assets, fixed assets and other tangible resources of Small and micro businesses financing role than other resources, although the technology, production and operation ability, credit and other resources began to play a certain role in financing, which shows the transformation of Small and micro businesses financing conditions are in the right direction, but this improvement is relatively limited, the traditional "collateral" loans have been loosened, the Small and micro businesses financing rights to improve. In Small and micro businesses financing right mapping system, right mapping system to Small and micro businesses financing acquired has the most direct effect, the decision makers can achieve optimization Small and micro businesses financing right mapping system through the system of supply, with the optimization of financing rights mapping system, its flexibility is also constantly changing. Decision makers by torsion on Small and micro businesses The discrimination, diversification of financial institutions, financial institutions to cultivate Small and micro businesses financing supply ability to promote changes Small and micro businesses financing rights mapping system, system changes to effectively improve the Small and micro businesses financing rights, loan interest rate liberalization further release of the Small and micro businesses credit market vitality, as Small and micro businesses credit market run further create favorable conditions; it is right mapping system mechanism and information production problems at the micro level, does not have the most advanced Small and micro businesses financing institutions, only on the basis of the information structure in its own information production division to Small and micro businesses financing institutions, by comparison, can achieve better performance for commercial banks, Small and micro businesses financing supply path should also follow the principle of information production. That is not the source of money in financing rights in the analysis of monetary resources The absolute amount reduces the availability of financing for small and micro businesses, but the allocation of monetary resources and the different market power of small and micro enterprises credit market, which hampers the improvement of financing rights of small and micro businesses.
The study shows that an effective operation of the credit market to direct intervention is better than government subsidies, Small and micro businesses financing, government intervention is not the best effect, control the market, but to build an effective operation of Small and micro businesses credit market, so as to improve the Small and micro businesses financing rights. Small and micro businesses to improve the financing situation need more coordination to promote, foster and small micro enterprise resources related to market factors, improve Small and micro businesses resources of liquidity and liquidity, continue to promote the diversification of financial institutions, improve the level of financial market competition, innovation and dissemination of micro credit technology is to improve Small and micro businesses necessary financing policy.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F276.3;F275;F832.4

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