【摘要】：金融危機后,全球經(jīng)濟進(jìn)入一個超朱格拉周期,復(fù)蘇道路漫長而艱巨。在此經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)換周期,全球競爭格局改變帶動了國際產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的重新分工,中國東部地區(qū)依托良好的發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)率先加入全球高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)制造鏈中,同時吸收發(fā)達(dá)國家資產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)向勞動力更低廉的東盟國家生產(chǎn)。而西部地區(qū)隨著成本優(yōu)勢逐漸消失,承接?xùn)|部轉(zhuǎn)移的勞動力密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)機會也越來越少,與此同時,長期過重的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)問題開始凸顯。效率不高、產(chǎn)能過剩、無序投資、環(huán)境污染等多重問題的集中爆發(fā)致使西部產(chǎn)業(yè)升級進(jìn)入瓶頸期。經(jīng)濟增長開始減速、外資流入不敵東盟國家,西部產(chǎn)業(yè)升級迫在眉睫。本文從西部產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)出發(fā),首先對西部產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,明晰西部以能源化工產(chǎn)業(yè)為主導(dǎo)的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),當(dāng)前西部產(chǎn)業(yè)問題很大一部分來自于能源化工產(chǎn)業(yè),只有解決能源化工產(chǎn)業(yè)問題才能實現(xiàn)西部產(chǎn)業(yè)的總體升級。因此,本文以能源化工為突破點,在已有能源化工分散增長點的基礎(chǔ)上,提出構(gòu)建能源化工產(chǎn)業(yè)增長極群的設(shè)想和規(guī)劃。理論上,本文以增長極理論為主要支撐,在綜合前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,提出西部能源化工產(chǎn)業(yè)增長極由“點”向“群”發(fā)展,建立增長極群。其意義不僅在于多個經(jīng)濟增長點互通實現(xiàn)的巨大影響范圍和較強經(jīng)濟帶動作用,更在于各極點之間的聯(lián)接和競合關(guān)系,通過要素互補和區(qū)域分工協(xié)作,實現(xiàn)各極點在相同或相近產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈上展開分工或不同產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈上的錯位發(fā)展,打破舊有的僵化的行政區(qū)劃約束,最終實現(xiàn)區(qū)域的一體化均衡發(fā)展。為了達(dá)到這種目的,本文選擇了6個以能源化工為主導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)的省區(qū)市,利用主成分分析法分別對各省區(qū)內(nèi)能源化工產(chǎn)業(yè)7個細(xì)分行業(yè)進(jìn)行綜合評價并排序,各省優(yōu)先發(fā)展省內(nèi)具有比較優(yōu)勢的行業(yè),從而實現(xiàn)各省區(qū)的錯位發(fā)展。陜西省依托煤和石油資源優(yōu)勢,建立大規(guī)模石油和煤炭開采基地,大力發(fā)展煤制天然氣、煤化工、石油化工等產(chǎn)業(yè),主要延伸煤化工、石油化工和鹽化工產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈；新疆以石油開采和石油化工為主導(dǎo),電力、其他化工業(yè)為輔；內(nèi)蒙則以電力為主要方向,建立大規(guī)模煤炭基地,保證火力發(fā)電的主導(dǎo)優(yōu)勢,重點發(fā)展風(fēng)力、太陽能等新能源發(fā)電；甘肅則以煤炭—電力—化工為首位產(chǎn)業(yè),建立多元化的化工體系和大型風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)；青海則依托鹽湖資源,大力發(fā)展水電,構(gòu)建“油氣—鹽化工”、“煤—焦—鹽化工”等石油天然氣、鹽湖化工以及煤化工為一體的聯(lián)動循環(huán)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈；寧夏依托豐富的煤炭和水資源,大力發(fā)展煤化工下游產(chǎn)業(yè),推進(jìn)“疆煤進(jìn)寧”,推進(jìn)能源就地轉(zhuǎn)化。最后,在客觀的能源管理上,本文借鑒美國聯(lián)邦政府能源管理模式,提出建立西部能源化工統(tǒng)籌協(xié)調(diào)管理機構(gòu)的設(shè)想,為西部打破行政區(qū)劃分割和實現(xiàn)能源跨省際區(qū)域統(tǒng)籌管理提供決策依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:After the financial crisis, the global economy entered a super-Jugla cycle, the road to recovery is long and arduous. In this cycle of economic transformation, the change of global competition pattern has led to the re-division of labor in the international industrial chain. Eastern China has taken the lead in joining the global manufacturing chain of high-tech industries on a good basis for development. At the same time, it absorbs the assets of developed countries to produce in ASEAN countries with cheaper labor force. With the gradual disappearance of cost advantages in the western region, there are fewer and fewer opportunities for labor-intensive industries to undertake the transfer of labor-intensive industries in the east. At the same time, the long-term overweight of the industrial structure has become prominent. The concentration of many problems, such as low efficiency, overcapacity, disorderly investment, environmental pollution and so on, leads to the industrial upgrading in the western region into the bottleneck period. Economic growth began to slow down, foreign capital inflows to ASEAN countries, the western industrial upgrading is imminent. Starting from the industrial structure of the western region, this paper first analyzes the present situation of the western industry, and clarifies the industrial structure dominated by the energy and chemical industry in the western region. At present, a large part of the industrial problems in the western region come from the energy and chemical industry. Only by solving the problem of energy and chemical industry can the overall upgrading of western industry be realized. Therefore, this paper takes energy and chemical industry as the breakthrough point, on the basis of the existing decentralized growth point of energy and chemical industry, puts forward the idea and planning of constructing the growth pole of energy and chemical industry. In theory, based on the theory of growth pole and on the basis of previous studies, this paper puts forward that the growth pole of energy and chemical industry in western China develops from "point" to "group" and establishes the growth pole. Its significance lies not only in the great influence range and strong economic driving role of the interworking of multiple economic growth points, but also in the connection and concurrence between the poles, through the complementarity of elements and the cooperation of regional division of labor. To realize the division of labor or misplaced development of each pole in the same or similar industrial chain, break the old rigid administrative division constraints, and finally realize the balanced development of regional integration. In order to achieve this purpose, six provinces, autonomous regions and cities with energy and chemical industry as the leading industry are selected, and the seven subdivided industries of energy and chemical industry in each province are comprehensively evaluated and sorted by principal component analysis (PCA). Each province gives priority to the development of industries with comparative advantages in the province, so as to realize the misplaced development of each province. Relying on the advantages of coal and petroleum resources, Shaanxi Province has established large-scale petroleum and coal mining bases, vigorously developed coal-to-natural gas, coal chemical, petrochemical and other industries, mainly extending the industrial chain of coal chemical industry, petrochemical industry and salt chemical industry. Xinjiang is dominated by petroleum exploitation and petrochemical industry, supplemented by electric power and other chemical industries. Inner Mongolia takes electricity as the main direction, establishes a large-scale coal base, ensures the leading advantages of thermal power generation, and focuses on the development of wind power, solar energy and other new energy generation; Gansu takes the coal-power-chemical industry as the first industry to establish a diversified chemical system and a large-scale wind power generation system. Qinghai relies on salt lake resources, vigorously develops hydropower, constructs "oil, gas-salt chemical industry", "coal-coke-salt chemical industry" and other petroleum and natural gas, salt lake chemical industry and coal chemical industry chain as one of the linkage circular industrial chain. Ningxia relies on rich coal and water resources, vigorously develops the downstream industry of coal chemical industry, promotes "Xinjiang coal into Ning", and promotes the local transformation of energy. Finally, in terms of objective energy management, this paper draws lessons from the energy management model of the federal government of the United States, and puts forward the idea of establishing the overall coordination and coordination management organization of energy and chemical industry in the west. It provides a decision-making basis for breaking the division of administrative divisions and realizing the overall management of energy across provinces.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.7;F426.2

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本文編號：2478014