【摘要】：隨著電力技術(shù)的發(fā)展與進(jìn)步,電力市場(chǎng)的逐步構(gòu)建以及政府機(jī)構(gòu)改革的深入,我國(guó)電力監(jiān)管面臨著新的局面。電力產(chǎn)業(yè)具有自然壟斷性、負(fù)外部性及公共物品性三個(gè)特點(diǎn),也是政府進(jìn)行電力監(jiān)管的依據(jù)。電力監(jiān)管職能隨著電力體制的改革經(jīng)歷了四個(gè)階段的改革歷程。為集中研究政府在微觀電力市場(chǎng)的電力監(jiān)管職能,可以從市場(chǎng)產(chǎn)業(yè)的三個(gè)特點(diǎn),及電力生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中不同環(huán)節(jié)的特點(diǎn)中歸納出政府電力監(jiān)管職能的主要內(nèi)容,比照現(xiàn)實(shí),從而發(fā)現(xiàn)政府監(jiān)管職能存在缺位、錯(cuò)位以及越位的問(wèn)題,其缺位體現(xiàn)在對(duì)壟斷問(wèn)題的解決不到位,對(duì)安全、環(huán)保的監(jiān)管職能不徹底,對(duì)普遍服務(wù)的監(jiān)管職能不全面,其錯(cuò)位體現(xiàn)在同一政府機(jī)構(gòu)監(jiān)管重點(diǎn)的錯(cuò)位和不同政府機(jī)構(gòu)監(jiān)管職能分配的錯(cuò)位,其越位體現(xiàn)在政府在監(jiān)管過(guò)程中對(duì)市場(chǎng)的越位。而這些問(wèn)題的產(chǎn)生有其深層的原因,包括政府監(jiān)管主體職能范圍不明確、電力監(jiān)管職能分配不合理以及對(duì)電力監(jiān)管職能績(jī)效的監(jiān)管不足。從英國(guó)和美國(guó)電力監(jiān)管職能的實(shí)踐可以發(fā)現(xiàn),雖然國(guó)外電力監(jiān)管職能的設(shè)置并不是完美無(wú)缺的,但其合理的部分值得我國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒,如其政府職能范圍較為明確,注重對(duì)監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)的問(wèn)責(zé)以及社會(huì)監(jiān)督的作用。因此,我國(guó)電力監(jiān)管職能改革可以從我國(guó)存在的現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題出發(fā),同時(shí)結(jié)合國(guó)外電力監(jiān)管職能設(shè)置的長(zhǎng)處,對(duì)我國(guó)電力監(jiān)管職能進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的完善,科學(xué)界定我國(guó)政府電力監(jiān)管職能的范圍,優(yōu)化我國(guó)電力監(jiān)管職能設(shè)置,加強(qiáng)對(duì)監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)的監(jiān)管,從而促進(jìn)我國(guó)電力市場(chǎng)化改革的不斷前進(jìn)。
[Abstract]:With the development and progress of the power technology, the gradual construction of the electric power market and the in-depth of the government's institutional reform, the power supervision of our country faces a new situation. The power industry has three characteristics of natural monopoly, negative externality and public goods, and is the basis for the government to conduct electricity supervision. With the reform of the power system, the power supervision function has undergone four stages of reform. In order to focus on the power supervision function of the government in the micro power market, the main contents of the government power supervision function can be summarized from the three characteristics of the market industry and the characteristics of different links in the process of electric power production. the problem of dislocation and the offside is that the absence of the problem is not in place in the solution of the monopoly problem, the supervision function of the safety and the environment protection is not complete, the supervision function of the universal service is not comprehensive, The dislocation is reflected in the dislocation of the supervision focus of the same government agency and the dislocation of the distribution of the supervision function of different government agencies, the offside of which is reflected in the offside of the government in the supervision process to the market. The causes of these problems, including the unclear function of the main body of the government, the unreasonable distribution of the power supervision function and the lack of supervision on the performance of the power supervision function. The practice of power regulation function in Britain and the United States can be found, although the setting of foreign power supervision function is not perfect, its reasonable part is worth learning and reference in our country, as the scope of government function is clear, Focus on the accountability of regulatory agencies and the role of social oversight. Therefore, the reform of the power supervision function of our country can be based on the existing problems in our country, at the same time, combine the advantages of the foreign power supervision function, and further improve the power supervision function of our country, and scientifically define the scope of the power supervision function of our government. The function of power regulation in China is set up, and the supervision of the regulatory agency is strengthened, so as to promote the progress of the reform of China's electric power market.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F426.61;D630

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