【摘要】：鋼鐵行業(yè)是支持國民經濟的重要產業(yè),從建國初期到現(xiàn)在,我國鋼鐵行業(yè)經歷了由弱到強的發(fā)展變化,至2010年成為真正的鋼鐵大國。受近年我國經濟增速放緩的影響,鋼鐵需求量大幅下降,多品種、小批量的生產方式成為鋼鐵企業(yè)應對寒冬時期的主要手段。這對鋼鐵企業(yè)生產的準時性、產品質量都提出了較高要求。然而鋼鐵企業(yè)普遍存在的流程長、溫度高等特點,導致生產過程控制較難,實現(xiàn)準時化、高品質的生產較為困難。為此,鋼鐵企業(yè)需要借助新的技術手段實現(xiàn)對生產過程的精準控制。繼計算機、互聯(lián)網之后,物聯(lián)網引領了全球信息產業(yè)的第三次革命,該技術引起了各國政府的關注,并被應用于制造業(yè)、物流業(yè)、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生等行業(yè),但受成本、技術水平、內外部環(huán)境等影響,物聯(lián)網技術尚未在大范圍內得到應用。為探索影響我國鋼鐵企業(yè)采納物聯(lián)網技術的主要因素,本文基于技術接受模型探索了物聯(lián)網技術、企業(yè)內部環(huán)境、企業(yè)外部環(huán)境與企業(yè)對物聯(lián)網技術感知有用性和使用行為意向之間的邏輯關系,利用SPSS17.0軟件對預調查的數(shù)據(jù)進行了信度效度分析,修正并建立了最終量表。調研了20家鋼鐵企業(yè)并獲取數(shù)據(jù),運用結構方程軟件AMOS 17.0對研究模型的假設進行了檢驗。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):外部環(huán)境、物聯(lián)網技術對感知有用性的影響顯著,內部環(huán)境對感知有用性影響不顯著;外部環(huán)境中,外部環(huán)境中,客戶、行業(yè)競爭者以及其他行業(yè)對該技術的態(tài)度對感知有用性影響顯著;物聯(lián)網技術的先進性是企業(yè)采納技術時考慮的重點,經濟性和安裝復雜性的考慮相對較弱;內部環(huán)境中,企業(yè)決策者的態(tài)度對感知有用性的影響最小。同時,為定量衡量鋼鐵企業(yè)對物聯(lián)網技術的需求程度,構建了物聯(lián)網技術需求程度的定量分析模型。首先,基于鋼鐵企業(yè)現(xiàn)狀分析得出現(xiàn)場流動性與物聯(lián)網技術需求程度之間的關聯(lián)特性,并推薦一種函數(shù)表示。然后,從企業(yè)生產現(xiàn)場的流動性水平出發(fā),基于精益生產“一個流”的思想,選取工序節(jié)拍一致性、工序作業(yè)時間穩(wěn)定性和工序間在制品庫存周期這3項指標,采用熵權-TOPSIS法對現(xiàn)場流動性水平進行評價,將評價值代入推薦的函數(shù)進而得到鋼鐵企業(yè)對物聯(lián)網技術的需求程度。最終,通過物與信息流動圖對某鋼鐵企業(yè)寫實獲取數(shù)據(jù),驗證了該模型的可行性。
[Abstract]:Iron and steel industry is an important industry to support the national economy. From the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China to the present, the iron and steel industry of China has experienced the development from weak to strong, and has become a real iron and steel country in 2010. Under the influence of slowing economic growth in China in recent years, the demand for iron and steel has dropped sharply. Many varieties and small batches of production have become the main means for iron and steel enterprises to cope with the cold winter period. This puts forward a higher requirement for the production timeliness and product quality of iron and steel enterprises. However, the common characteristics of iron and steel enterprises, such as long process, high temperature and so on, make it difficult to control the production process, to realize just-in-time and high-quality production. To this end, iron and steel enterprises need new technical means to achieve accurate control of the production process. Following computers and the Internet, the Internet of things has led the third revolution in the global information industry. The technology has attracted the attention of governments and has been used in manufacturing, logistics, health care and other industries, but at cost and technical level. The Internet of things technology has not been applied in a wide range due to the influence of internal and external environment. In order to explore the main factors affecting the adoption of the Internet of things technology in iron and steel enterprises in China, this paper explores the Internet of things technology, the internal environment of the enterprise, based on the technology acceptance model. The logical relationship between the external environment of the enterprise and the perceived usefulness of the Internet of things technology and the use of the behavior intention of the enterprise. The reliability and validity of the pre-investigated data were analyzed by using SPSS17.0 software, and the final scale was revised and established. 20 iron and steel enterprises were investigated and the data were obtained. The hypothesis of the model was tested by structural equation software AMOS 17.0. It is found that the external environment, the Internet of things technology has a significant impact on the perceived usefulness, while the internal environment has no significant impact on the perceived usefulness; In the external environment, the attitude of customers, industry competitors and other industries to the technology has a significant impact on perceived usefulness; The advancement of Internet of things (IoT) technology is the focus of enterprises when adopting technology, and the consideration of economy and installation complexity is relatively weak; in the internal environment, the attitude of enterprise decision makers has the least effect on perceived usefulness. At the same time, in order to quantitatively measure the demand degree of the Internet of things technology in iron and steel enterprises, a quantitative analysis model of the demand degree of the Internet of things technology is constructed. Firstly, based on the analysis of the status quo of iron and steel enterprises, the relationship between on-the-spot liquidity and the technical requirements of the Internet of things is obtained, and a functional representation is recommended. Then, starting from the liquidity level of the enterprise's production site, based on the idea of "one flow" in lean production, this paper selects three indexes, namely, the consistency of working procedures, the stability of working time and the inventory cycle of products in between processes. The entropy weight-TOPSIS method is used to evaluate the liquidity level on the spot, and the evaluation value is substituted into the recommended function, and then the demand degree of the iron and steel enterprises for the Internet of things technology is obtained. Finally, the feasibility of the model is verified by realistically obtaining data from an iron and steel enterprise by moving graph of material and information flow.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.31;F270.7

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