【摘要】：太陽(yáng)能是綠色可再生能源，推廣太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電，有利于保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境，促進(jìn)能源利用與環(huán)境保護(hù)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。屋頂光伏發(fā)電作為我國(guó)利用太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電的主要形式，其運(yùn)作模式、管理機(jī)制、政策支持等受到廣泛關(guān)注。研究屋頂光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)營(yíng)模式，綜合評(píng)價(jià)不同運(yùn)營(yíng)模式下的屋頂光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，為用戶選擇提供決策支持，有助于提高用戶投資建設(shè)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的積極性。 本文首先研究了影響光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)基本效益的主要內(nèi)容，對(duì)屋頂光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)成本效益進(jìn)行分析，研究了光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)成本、發(fā)電量及收入的計(jì)算方法。其次，分析了屋頂光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)各利益相關(guān)者的利益訴求和不同屋頂光伏系統(tǒng)用戶的特點(diǎn)，研究了屋頂光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)自己建設(shè)運(yùn)營(yíng)模式和合同能源管理運(yùn)營(yíng)模式，結(jié)合我國(guó)電網(wǎng)公司對(duì)光伏并網(wǎng)結(jié)算方式的不同，對(duì)以上兩種運(yùn)營(yíng)模式進(jìn)行細(xì)分為：“用戶自建，統(tǒng)購(gòu)統(tǒng)銷(xiāo)”、“用戶自建，余電上網(wǎng)”、“合同能源管理，統(tǒng)購(gòu)統(tǒng)銷(xiāo)”、“合同能源管理，余電上網(wǎng)”四種運(yùn)營(yíng)模式，并提出了不同運(yùn)營(yíng)模式下用戶凈收益的計(jì)算方法。然后，以?xún)羰找�、�?nèi)部收益率、投資回收期等經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)構(gòu)成指標(biāo)體系，以權(quán)數(shù)非獨(dú)裁性條件下自主式綜合評(píng)價(jià)方法為支撐，建立屋頂光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)價(jià)模型。最后，以實(shí)際的屋頂光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)為例，計(jì)算了該系統(tǒng)“用戶自建，，統(tǒng)購(gòu)統(tǒng)銷(xiāo)”、“用戶自建，余電上網(wǎng)”和“合同能源管理，統(tǒng)購(gòu)統(tǒng)銷(xiāo)”模式下居民用戶的各種經(jīng)濟(jì)效益指標(biāo)值，通過(guò)分析各指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)，為用戶是否投資建設(shè)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)提出建議；運(yùn)用屋頂光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)價(jià)模型，對(duì)不同運(yùn)營(yíng)模式下用戶的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià)，評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果顯示，“合同能源管理、余電上網(wǎng)”運(yùn)營(yíng)模式下用戶經(jīng)濟(jì)效益最好，該模式是用戶運(yùn)營(yíng)管理屋頂光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的最佳選擇。
[Abstract]:Solar energy is a green renewable energy. The promotion of solar photovoltaic power generation is conducive to the protection of the ecological environment and promote the coordinated development of energy use and environmental protection. Roof photovoltaic power generation as the main form of solar power generation in China, its operation mode, management mechanism, policy support and so on have received extensive attention. This paper studies the operating mode of rooftop photovoltaic power generation system, synthetically evaluates the economic benefit of roof photovoltaic power generation system under different operating modes, and provides decision support for user selection, which is helpful to improve the enthusiasm of users to invest in the construction of photovoltaic power generation system. In this paper, the main contents that affect the basic benefit of photovoltaic system are studied, and the cost-benefit of photovoltaic system is analyzed, and the calculation method of cost, power generation and income of photovoltaic system is studied. Secondly, it analyzes the interests of stakeholders and the characteristics of different roof photovoltaic system users, and studies the operating mode of the roof photovoltaic system and contract energy management operation mode. Combined with the differences of the photovoltaic grid settlement methods in China's grid companies, the above two operation modes are divided into three categories: "self-building by users, monopoly of purchasing and marketing", "self-building by users, access to the Internet by surplus electricity", "contract energy management, monopoly of purchasing and marketing". Four operating modes of "contract energy management, surplus electricity access" are put forward, and the calculation methods of users' net income under different operation modes are put forward. Then, the index system is composed of net income, internal rate of return, payback period of investment and so on. The techno-economic evaluation model of rooftop photovoltaic power generation system is established based on the independent comprehensive evaluation method under the condition of non-dictatorial weights. Finally, taking the actual photovoltaic power generation system on the roof as an example, the paper calculates that the system is "built by the user, purchased by himself", "built by the user, connected to the Internet" and "managed by contract energy". Based on the analysis of the index values of various economic benefits of the residents under the mode of unified purchase and marketing, the paper puts forward some suggestions on whether the users should invest in the construction of photovoltaic power generation system. Using the technical and economic evaluation model of roof photovoltaic power generation system, the comprehensive evaluation of the economic benefits of users under different operating modes is carried out. The results show that the operating mode of "contract energy management, surplus electricity access" is the best for the economic benefits of users. This model is the best choice for user operation and management of rooftop photovoltaic system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F426.61

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