【摘要】：鋼鐵行業(yè)作為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè)，也是高耗能、高污染行業(yè)，是廢水、廢氣等污染物的重要排放源，鋼鐵行業(yè)與資源環(huán)境間的矛盾日益加劇，成為我國(guó)實(shí)施節(jié)能減排的重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域。客觀、準(zhǔn)確地評(píng)價(jià)鋼鐵行業(yè)的能源效率，對(duì)于提高鋼鐵行業(yè)能源效率水平、加快推進(jìn)鋼鐵行業(yè)承擔(dān)社會(huì)責(zé)任、建設(shè)“美麗中國(guó)”具有重要的促進(jìn)作用。 本文通過(guò)對(duì)能源效率已有研究成果的系統(tǒng)分析，基于全要素能源效率的概念和“多投入-多產(chǎn)出”框架，，借鑒基于松弛的非徑向、非角度的SBM模型和Luenberger生產(chǎn)率指數(shù)，構(gòu)建了考慮環(huán)境污染因素的全要素能源效率變動(dòng)指標(biāo)測(cè)度模型；并對(duì)中國(guó)29個(gè)省、市（自治區(qū)）鋼鐵行業(yè)在2000-2011年能源效率進(jìn)行了靜態(tài)測(cè)算和動(dòng)態(tài)分解，在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步利用面板模型對(duì)鋼鐵行業(yè)能源效率的影響因素進(jìn)行了實(shí)證研究。結(jié)果表明，環(huán)境污染對(duì)鋼鐵行業(yè)的能源效率造成了損失；環(huán)境約束下鋼鐵行業(yè)能源效率存在地區(qū)差異，東部地區(qū)鋼鐵行業(yè)能源效率高于中、西部地區(qū)；環(huán)境約束下鋼鐵行業(yè)最佳實(shí)踐省份包括上海、天津、江蘇、寧夏、青海，污染物的過(guò)度排放成為多數(shù)省份鋼鐵行業(yè)能源無(wú)效率的主要來(lái)源；環(huán)境約束下鋼鐵行業(yè)能源效率整體呈上升的態(tài)勢(shì)。環(huán)境約束下全要素能源效率的平均增長(zhǎng)率高于未考慮環(huán)境約束的情況；環(huán)境約束下鋼鐵行業(yè)全要素能源效率增長(zhǎng)區(qū)域差異明顯，中部地區(qū)增長(zhǎng)最快，東、西部地區(qū)次之；環(huán)境約束下各省份全要素能源效率增長(zhǎng)幅度也大不相同；大多數(shù)省份能源效率增長(zhǎng)的最主要來(lái)源首先是技術(shù)進(jìn)步。在諸多影響鋼鐵行業(yè)能源效率的因素中發(fā)現(xiàn)，從全國(guó)層面來(lái)看，行業(yè)平均規(guī)模、能源價(jià)格和技術(shù)進(jìn)步對(duì)于環(huán)境約束下鋼鐵行業(yè)全要素能源效率的影響作用是正向的，而產(chǎn)權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)、能源消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)和對(duì)外開(kāi)放水平的影響作用是負(fù)向的；從區(qū)域?qū)用鎭?lái)看，對(duì)三個(gè)地區(qū)具有同樣推動(dòng)作用的因素是能源結(jié)構(gòu)和技術(shù)進(jìn)步，其余四個(gè)因素對(duì)三個(gè)地區(qū)的影響迥異。
[Abstract]:As an important basic industry of national economy, iron and steel industry is also a high energy consumption and high pollution industry. It is an important emission source of pollutants such as waste water, waste gas and so on. The contradiction between steel industry and resources and environment is becoming more and more serious. It has become the key area of energy saving and emission reduction in our country. Objectively and accurately evaluating the energy efficiency of iron and steel industry plays an important role in improving the level of energy efficiency of iron and steel industry, speeding up the iron and steel industry to bear social responsibility, and building "beautiful China". Based on the concept of total factor energy efficiency and the framework of "multi-input-multi-output", this paper draws lessons from SBM model and Luenberger productivity index based on relaxation non-radial and non-angle. The index measure model of total factor energy efficiency considering environmental pollution factor is constructed. The energy efficiency of iron and steel industry in 29 provinces and autonomous regions of China from 2000 to 2011 was calculated and dynamically decomposed. On the basis of this, the factors affecting energy efficiency of steel industry were further studied by panel model. The results show that environmental pollution causes losses to the energy efficiency of iron and steel industry, and the energy efficiency of iron and steel industry in the east is higher than that in the middle and western regions under environmental constraints. Under environmental constraints, the major sources of energy inefficiency in most provinces include Shanghai, Tianjin, Jiangsu, Ningxia, Qinghai, and the excessive emission of pollutants. The energy efficiency of iron and steel industry is on the rise under environmental constraints. The average growth rate of total factor energy efficiency under environmental constraints is higher than that without environmental constraints, the regional difference of total factor energy efficiency growth in iron and steel industry under environmental constraints is obvious, the growth rate is the fastest in the central region, followed by the eastern and western regions. Under the restriction of environment, the growth rate of total factor energy efficiency varies greatly in different provinces, and the most important source of energy efficiency growth in most provinces is technological progress. Among the factors that affect the energy efficiency of steel industry, it is found that the influence of industry average scale, energy price and technological progress on the total factor energy efficiency of steel industry under environmental constraints is positive. The influence of property structure, energy consumption structure and the level of opening to the outside world is negative. At the regional level, the energy structure and technological progress are the same driving factors for the three regions, and the other four factors have different effects on the three regions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F426.31

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