中國煤炭企業(yè)“走出去”的方式問題研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-16 10:22
【摘要】：煤炭作為我國的主體能源，在國民經濟中占據重要地位，并且在未來相當長的時期內，煤炭作為主體能源的地位不會改變。但是我國煤炭資源的賦存現狀特點一直沒有改變。人均占有量和儲產比處于世界低水平，煤炭資源的煤種賦存和分布不理想，國內煤炭運輸瓶頸導致國內煤炭高產區(qū)對煤炭高消費區(qū)的資源供應困難。在順應經濟全球化的趨勢下，為了響應國家的“走出去”戰(zhàn)略和促進煤炭產業(yè)的發(fā)展，我國的煤炭企業(yè)開始積極開展境外投資，實施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略。但是在20多年的“走出去”實踐中，我國煤炭企業(yè)遭遇了很多困難和失敗，對“走出去”的方式選擇呈現出盲目性，非漸進性的特點。因此，為了幫助煤炭企業(yè)更成功地“走出去”，很有必要對“走出去”的方式選擇進行分析和研究，以得到對煤炭企業(yè)具有指導意義的方式選擇策略。 基于企業(yè)國際化理論、壟斷優(yōu)勢理論、內部化理論和國際生產折衷理論的理論基礎，通過實地調研和資料搜集，統計分析了我國煤炭企業(yè)“走出去”的現狀，特別是“走出去”的方式現狀及方式存在的問題，，得出了目前我國煤炭企業(yè)“走出去”的方式主要包括工程承包與勞務輸出、跨國并購、新建企業(yè)和草根勘探四種，但企業(yè)在方式選擇策略上存在著盲目性，未遵循漸進化的跨國經營路線。在分析了目前全球礦業(yè)企業(yè)的主要“走出去”方式，即參股、跨國并購，新建企業(yè)和草根勘探的方式優(yōu)缺點和適用對象的基礎上，針對我國煤炭企業(yè)“走出去”現狀，提出了具有指導意義的“走出去”方式選擇策略。企業(yè)在堅持方式選擇與企業(yè)能力相匹配，與投資環(huán)境相適應，運用戰(zhàn)略合作和風險可控思維的原則下，按照漸進的國際化路線，引導企業(yè)按照從初級方式到高級方式循序發(fā)展，以期這一結論能為煤炭企業(yè)“走出去”方式決策提供參考。
[Abstract]:As the main energy of our country, coal occupies an important position in the national economy, and in a long period in the future, the status of coal as the main energy will not change. However, the existing status of coal resources in China has not changed. The per capita possession and the ratio of reserve to output are low in the world, the occurrence and distribution of coal resources are not ideal, and the bottleneck of domestic coal transportation leads to the difficulty of resource supply in high-yield areas of domestic coal to high-consumption areas of coal. In accordance with the trend of economic globalization, in order to respond to the national "going out" strategy and promote the development of the coal industry, the coal enterprises of our country began to actively carry out overseas investment and implement the "going out" strategy. However, in the practice of "going out" for more than 20 years, the coal enterprises of our country have encountered many difficulties and failures, and the choice of "going out" has shown the characteristics of blindness and non-gradual. Therefore, in order to help coal enterprises to "go out" more successfully, it is necessary to analyze and study the way of "going out", in order to obtain the guiding strategy for coal enterprises. Based on enterprise internationalization theory, monopoly advantage theory, internalization theory and international production compromise theory, through field investigation and data collection, this paper statistically analyzes the present situation of Chinese coal enterprises "going out". In particular, the present situation and problems in the way of "going out" have been obtained. The main ways of "going out" of coal enterprises in our country at present include engineering contracting and labor export, transnational mergers and acquisitions, new enterprises and grassroots exploration. However, there is blindness in the strategy of mode selection, which does not follow the evolving transnational management route. On the basis of analyzing the advantages, disadvantages and applicable objects of the main ways of "going out" of global mining enterprises at present, that is, equity participation, transnational mergers and acquisitions, new enterprises and grassroots exploration, the paper aims at the present situation of "going out" in China's coal enterprises. A guiding strategy of "going out" is put forward. In accordance with the principle of strategic cooperation and risk-controllable thinking, and in accordance with the principle of gradual internationalization, the enterprises should be guided to develop in a sequential manner from the primary mode to the advanced mode, in accordance with the principles of consistent mode selection, matching with the enterprise's ability, adapting to the investment environment, and applying the principle of strategic cooperation and risk-controllable thinking. This conclusion can be used as a reference for coal enterprises to "go out".
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.21
[Abstract]:As the main energy of our country, coal occupies an important position in the national economy, and in a long period in the future, the status of coal as the main energy will not change. However, the existing status of coal resources in China has not changed. The per capita possession and the ratio of reserve to output are low in the world, the occurrence and distribution of coal resources are not ideal, and the bottleneck of domestic coal transportation leads to the difficulty of resource supply in high-yield areas of domestic coal to high-consumption areas of coal. In accordance with the trend of economic globalization, in order to respond to the national "going out" strategy and promote the development of the coal industry, the coal enterprises of our country began to actively carry out overseas investment and implement the "going out" strategy. However, in the practice of "going out" for more than 20 years, the coal enterprises of our country have encountered many difficulties and failures, and the choice of "going out" has shown the characteristics of blindness and non-gradual. Therefore, in order to help coal enterprises to "go out" more successfully, it is necessary to analyze and study the way of "going out", in order to obtain the guiding strategy for coal enterprises. Based on enterprise internationalization theory, monopoly advantage theory, internalization theory and international production compromise theory, through field investigation and data collection, this paper statistically analyzes the present situation of Chinese coal enterprises "going out". In particular, the present situation and problems in the way of "going out" have been obtained. The main ways of "going out" of coal enterprises in our country at present include engineering contracting and labor export, transnational mergers and acquisitions, new enterprises and grassroots exploration. However, there is blindness in the strategy of mode selection, which does not follow the evolving transnational management route. On the basis of analyzing the advantages, disadvantages and applicable objects of the main ways of "going out" of global mining enterprises at present, that is, equity participation, transnational mergers and acquisitions, new enterprises and grassroots exploration, the paper aims at the present situation of "going out" in China's coal enterprises. A guiding strategy of "going out" is put forward. In accordance with the principle of strategic cooperation and risk-controllable thinking, and in accordance with the principle of gradual internationalization, the enterprises should be guided to develop in a sequential manner from the primary mode to the advanced mode, in accordance with the principles of consistent mode selection, matching with the enterprise's ability, adapting to the investment environment, and applying the principle of strategic cooperation and risk-controllable thinking. This conclusion can be used as a reference for coal enterprises to "go out".
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.21
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