本文選題：安全風險識別 + 安全風險評價�。� 參考：《福州大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：安全不僅關乎財產(chǎn),更關乎生命。隨著科技的發(fā)展,我國化工行業(yè)技術日新月異,涉及面越來越廣,因而遇到的安全問題也越來越多。現(xiàn)階段我國各類化工項目持續(xù)發(fā)生的安全生產(chǎn)事故對國民生命財產(chǎn)安全造成了嚴重的威脅。因此,必須加強化工項目安全風險的防范措施,以應對已有或潛在的安全風險。而對安全風險的辨識和評價是有效采取安全風險應對措施的前提；所以,在化工項目安全成為當今公眾和政府共同關心問題的同時,化工項目安全風險研究也成為我國經(jīng)濟和技術發(fā)展的重要研究對象之一。研究化工項目的安全風險首先要了解其安全風險指標體系(即安全風險的組成因素),因此安全風險指標的細化分解是進行安全風險研究過程中非常重要的環(huán)節(jié)。由于我國化工項目安全風險研究起步晚,且安全風險研究指標的細化分類各有側重點,這就影響到化工項目安全風險的評價結果的準確性；因此,需要在前人研究的基礎上對化工項目安全風險指標進行重新分解,并合理的選擇評價模型進行評價,以期更加全面的反映化工項目的安全風險程度。本文以某化工項目為研究對象,將研究階段分為生產(chǎn)準備和生產(chǎn)兩個階段。鑒于化工項目運行中安全風險評價因素比較復雜并且具有層次性、模糊性以及難以定量化等特點,本文結合本單位安監(jiān)專家的意見,提出選擇模糊綜合評價與層次分析法聯(lián)合評價的模型從化工項目源頭進行分析,以期在安全風險未形成階段對該項目安全風險進行有效判定。首先,本文簡述國內(nèi)外相關研究現(xiàn)狀,并介紹了安全風險管理相關理論基礎；按照安全風險的評價原則和從源頭控制風險的需要,決定采用模糊綜合評價與層次分析法相結合的安全風險評價模型；再結合前人的研究,對H化工項目的安全風險指標進行分類。本文從化工項目涉及的各個方面著手,將該化工項目運行中存在的主要風險分為人員風險、設備風險、物料風險、工藝風險、環(huán)境風險、管理風險等六個方面,并對這六方面安全風險指標做進一步的細化分解,最終分別構建出該項目生產(chǎn)準備階段和生產(chǎn)階段的多級安全風險指標體系。然后,本文采用模糊綜合評價與層次分析法相結合的安全風險評價模型,對已構建的安全風險指標體系中各層級所有安全風險指標進行量化計算,得出兩個階段安全風險高、中、低的隸屬度。為盡量利用已分析出的數(shù)據(jù)信息,并合理有效的反映該項目的安全風險程度,本文以加權值作為安全風險評價結果。最后,本文對H化工項目安全風險評價的結果中處于高風險和一般風險狀態(tài)的安全風險點提出相應措施,并建設性的提出專業(yè)化安全風險雇傭管理模式的概念,為安全風險管理提供新的思路。
[Abstract]:Safety is not only about property, but also about life. With the development of science and technology, the technology of chemical industry in China is changing with each passing day. At present, the safety accidents of various chemical projects in China pose a serious threat to the safety of national life and property. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the preventive measures of chemical project safety risks to deal with existing or potential safety risks. The identification and evaluation of safety risk is the premise of taking effective safety risk response measures. Therefore, while the chemical project safety has become a common concern of the public and the government, Chemical project safety risk research has also become one of the important research objects of economic and technological development in China. In order to study the safety risk of chemical engineering project, we must first understand the safety risk index system (i.e., the component factor of safety risk), so the detailed decomposition of safety risk index is a very important link in the process of safety risk research. Because the safety risk research of chemical engineering projects in China started late, and the detailed classification of safety risk research indexes has its own emphases, this will affect the accuracy of the evaluation results of the safety risks of chemical projects. It is necessary to re-decompose the safety risk index of chemical project on the basis of previous research and select the evaluation model reasonably in order to reflect the safety risk degree of chemical project more comprehensively. Taking a chemical project as the research object, the research stage is divided into two stages: production preparation and production. In view of the complexity of safety risk assessment factors in the operation of chemical projects and their characteristics of hierarchy, fuzziness and difficulty in quantification, this paper combines the opinions of the experts of the unit's safety supervision. The model of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and AHP joint evaluation is proposed to analyze the source of chemical project in order to judge the safety risk of the project effectively in the stage of safety risk formation. First of all, this paper briefly describes the domestic and foreign related research status, and introduces the relevant theoretical basis of safety risk management, according to the safety risk evaluation principle and the need to control the risk from the source. It is decided to adopt the safety risk evaluation model combining fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and AHP, and then classify the safety risk index of H chemical project by combining the previous research. In this paper, the main risks in the operation of the chemical project are divided into six aspects: personnel risk, equipment risk, material risk, process risk, environmental risk, management risk, etc. Finally, the multi-level safety risk index system of the production preparation stage and the production stage of the project is constructed by further detailed decomposition of the six aspects of the safety risk index. Then, the safety risk evaluation model combining fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and analytic hierarchy process is used to quantify all the safety risk indicators in the established safety risk index system, and it is concluded that the safety risk is high in the two stages. Medium, low membership. In order to make use of the data information and reflect the safety risk degree of the project reasonably and effectively, this paper takes the weighted value as the result of safety risk evaluation. Finally, this paper puts forward the corresponding measures to the safety risk points in the high risk and general risk state of H chemical engineering project safety risk evaluation results, and puts forward the concept of professional safety risk employment management mode constructively. To provide new ideas for safety risk management.
【學位授予單位】：福州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.7;F272.3
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本文編號：1866077