發(fā)布時間：2018-04-20 13:00

  本文選題：食品冷鏈 + 斷鏈��； 參考：《長江大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：食品冷鏈物流在保證食品安全、保障社會穩(wěn)定、提高食品價值方面等具有重要意義。但不容忽視的是,我國整體食品冷鏈物流發(fā)展仍處于起步階段,規(guī)模化、系統(tǒng)化的冷鏈物流體系尚未形成,許多應(yīng)該納入冷鏈體系的食品實(shí)際尚未納入、已納入冷鏈體系的食品冷鏈還未做到位,冷鏈“斷鏈¨睛況比比皆是,與提高居民消費(fèi)水平、發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)和擴(kuò)大農(nóng)產(chǎn)品出口的需求相比仍有很大差距。為促進(jìn)我國食品冷鏈物流體系建設(shè)的完善和冷鏈運(yùn)作的規(guī)范,確保食品安全,挖掘冷鏈斷鏈形成深層次原因,研究食品冷鏈斷鏈的形成機(jī)理具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 通過詳細(xì)梳理和分析了食品冷鏈物流在現(xiàn)狀、對策、管理和食品安全方面的國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究成果,總結(jié)其成果和不足之處,發(fā)現(xiàn)對食品冷鏈斷鏈的問題缺少系統(tǒng)性的研究,對食品冷鏈物流斷鏈的形成機(jī)理研究還處于空白階段。 因此本文從食品冷鏈物流的鏈節(jié)點(diǎn)構(gòu)成和每個鏈節(jié)點(diǎn)斷鏈的原因入手,運(yùn)用信息經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、系統(tǒng)工程等理論,從經(jīng)濟(jì)社會環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)利益驅(qū)動、技術(shù)、市場監(jiān)管、法律法規(guī)、意識6個層面深入分析了我國食品冷鏈物流斷鏈的形成機(jī)理,建立事前預(yù)警、事中控制、事后修復(fù)的干預(yù)機(jī)制。主要研究內(nèi)容如下： (1)將食品冷鏈鏈條分為原材料獲取環(huán)節(jié)、預(yù)冷環(huán)節(jié)、包裝環(huán)節(jié)、倉儲環(huán)節(jié)、運(yùn)輸環(huán)節(jié)、配送環(huán)節(jié)、銷售環(huán)節(jié)和消費(fèi)者環(huán)節(jié)8個鏈節(jié)點(diǎn),系統(tǒng)的分析了每個鏈節(jié)點(diǎn)的具體操作步驟和重要性。 (2)運(yùn)用魚骨分析圖對食品冷鏈物流斷鏈進(jìn)行診斷,分析導(dǎo)致每個鏈節(jié)點(diǎn)斷鏈的原因,再進(jìn)一步分析導(dǎo)致這些原因產(chǎn)生的影響因素。 (3)運(yùn)用ISM解釋結(jié)構(gòu)模型法梳理了各個影響因素之間的層次結(jié)構(gòu),分析出國家法律法規(guī)體系的建設(shè)和政府的資金投入是該層次結(jié)構(gòu)的輸入端,是市場經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下食品冷鏈物流市場健康運(yùn)行的最根本因素,其他要素都受其制約。 (4)在解釋結(jié)構(gòu)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會背景,從經(jīng)濟(jì)利益驅(qū)動、技術(shù)、監(jiān)管、法律法規(guī)、意識角度研究了食品冷鏈斷鏈的形成機(jī)理,總結(jié)出食品冷鏈斷鏈的形成主要有六個層次的原因,任何一個原因都可能導(dǎo)致食品冷鏈物流的斷鏈：一是作為市場微觀主體的理性經(jīng)紀(jì)人追求自身利益最大化的驅(qū)動原因；二是冷鏈技術(shù)相對落后,不能做到全程冷鏈；三是政策制度、法律法規(guī)不完善,食品冷鏈?zhǔn)袌鋈狈】颠\(yùn)行的保障機(jī)制；四是宏觀社會經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境因素；五是市場監(jiān)管不到位,在一定程度上加劇了食品冷鏈物流斷鏈的行為；六是人們冷鏈意識較缺乏。 (5)通過對斷鏈形成機(jī)理的研究,得出食品冷鏈物流斷鏈預(yù)警機(jī)制的重點(diǎn)是完善食品冷鏈物流信息基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)庫,建立食品冷鏈物流斷鏈信息預(yù)警發(fā)布平臺,構(gòu)建食品冷鏈物流信息預(yù)警體系。在此基礎(chǔ)上,建立預(yù)警組織框架,加強(qiáng)預(yù)警法規(guī)體系和完善冷鏈物流的建設(shè), (6)食品冷鏈物流斷鏈的控制機(jī)制的重點(diǎn)是建立HACCP控制機(jī)制、有效的監(jiān)督機(jī)制、冷鏈聯(lián)盟機(jī)制和信息共享機(jī)制,這一階段也離不開各種冷鏈物流信息技術(shù)的運(yùn)用。只有提高冷鏈物流信息技術(shù),才能有效對實(shí)現(xiàn)對冷鏈物流各環(huán)節(jié)的實(shí)時跟蹤、追溯,進(jìn)行全程的控制和管理。 (7)食品冷鏈物流斷鏈的補(bǔ)救機(jī)制主要對運(yùn)輸、配送、銷售和消費(fèi)環(huán)節(jié)采取補(bǔ)救措施。 從總體情況來看,論文對食品冷鏈物流斷鏈重新進(jìn)行了認(rèn)識,系統(tǒng)的分析了食品冷鏈物流斷鏈的形成機(jī)理,提出較為符合我國實(shí)際情況的食品冷鏈物流斷鏈預(yù)警、控制和補(bǔ)救機(jī)制,希望能有助于我國食品冷鏈物流斷鏈的預(yù)防和治理。
[Abstract]:Food cold chain logistics is of great significance in ensuring food safety, guaranteeing social stability and improving the value of food. However, the development of the whole food cold chain logistics in China is still in its infancy. The large-scale, systematic cold chain logistics system has not been formed, so many of the food practice which should be incorporated into the cold chain system have not been incorporated. The cold chain of cold chain has not yet been put in place, the cold chain "broken chain" is everywhere, and there is still a big gap compared with the demand of improving the consumption level of the residents, developing modern agriculture and expanding the export of agricultural products. To promote the improvement of the construction of the cold chain logistics system and the standard of cold chain operation in China, to ensure the safety of food and to dig cold chain. It is of great practical significance to study the formation mechanism of food cold chain breaking.
Through the detailed analysis of the food cold chain logistics in the current situation, countermeasures, management and food safety related research results at home and abroad, sum up its achievements and shortcomings, found that the problem of food cold chain chain is lack of systematic research, and the research on the formation mechanism of food cold chain logistics chain is still in the blank stage.
Therefore, this paper, starting with the chain nodes of the food cold chain logistics and the reasons for each chain node broken chain, uses the theory of information economics and system engineering to analyze the formation mechanism of the cold chain logistics chain in the food cold chain from 6 aspects, including economic and social environment, economic benefits drive, technology, market regulation, law and consciousness. The intervention mechanism of early warning, in control and post restoration is studied. The main contents are as follows:
(1) the food cold chain chain is divided into the raw material acquisition link, the pre cooling link, the packaging link, the storage link, the transport link, the distribution link, the sales link and the consumer link, and the detailed operation steps and the importance of each chain node are systematically analyzed.
(2) using fish bone analysis map to diagnose the broken chain of food cold chain logistics, analyze the cause of each chain node broken chain, and further analyze the factors that cause these causes.
(3) the structure model method of ISM interpretation is used to comb the hierarchical structure between the various factors, and the construction of the national law and regulation system and the government's capital input are the input ends of the structure. It is the most fundamental factor for the healthy operation of the food cold chain logistics market under the market economy, and the other elements are restricted by it.
(4) on the basis of explaining the structural model and combining with the economic and social background of China, this paper studies the formation mechanism of food cold chain broken chain from the perspective of economic interests, technology, supervision, laws and regulations, and consciousness, and concludes that the formation of the cold chain chain of food is mainly caused by six levels, and any reason may lead to the broken chain of the food cold chain logistics. First, the rational broker, as the market micro body, seeks the driving reason for the maximization of its own interests; two is the cold chain technology is relatively backward, can not achieve the whole cold chain; three is the policy system, the laws and regulations are not perfect, the food cold chain market lacks the guarantee mechanism of the healthy operation; four is the macro social and economic environment factors; five is the city. Inadequate supervision of the field has aggravated the chain breaking of food cold chain to a certain extent. The six is the lack of cold chain consciousness.
(5) through the research on the mechanism of broken chain formation, it is concluded that the key point of the early warning mechanism of food cold chain logistics chain logistics is to perfect the basic database of food cold chain logistics information, establish the early warning and release platform of food cold chain logistics chain information, and to construct the early warning system of food cold chain logistics information. On this basis, the framework of early warning organization is established to strengthen the early warning regulations. System and improvement of the construction of cold chain logistics,
(6) the key point of the control mechanism of the food cold chain logistics chain is to establish the HACCP control mechanism, the effective supervision mechanism, the cold chain alliance mechanism and the information sharing mechanism. This stage can not be separated from the application of various cold chain logistics information technology. Only by improving the cold chain logistics information technology can the realtime follow up the cold chain logistics links be realized effectively. Tracing, tracing, controlling and managing the whole course.
(7) the remedial mechanism of chain breaking in food cold chain logistics mainly takes remedial measures in transportation, distribution, sales and consumption.
According to the overall situation, the paper has made a new understanding of the food cold chain chain logistics broken chain, analyzed the formation mechanism of the food cold chain logistics chain, and put forward the early warning, control and remedial mechanism of the food cold chain logistics chain, which is more in line with the actual situation of our country, hoping to help prevent and control the chain logistics chain of food cold chain in our country.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：長江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.82;F252

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

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