本文選題：可再生能源 + 并網(wǎng)�。� 參考：《華北電力大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：電力行業(yè)是國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要基礎產(chǎn)業(yè),承擔著為用戶提供穩(wěn)定可靠電力保障的義務,同時電力行業(yè)是能源消耗和污染物排放的重點用戶。提高可再生能源發(fā)電的比例,是改善電源結(jié)構(gòu)實現(xiàn)電力產(chǎn)業(yè)節(jié)能減排的關鍵,然而可再生能源由于自身特性及發(fā)電技術不成熟、成本高等問題,在發(fā)電并網(wǎng)過程中凸顯出的外部性問題嚴重制約著可再生能源發(fā)電產(chǎn)業(yè)健康有序快速發(fā)展。世界各國政府為了促進可再生能源發(fā)電并網(wǎng),制定并實施了各類政策,其中可再生能源上網(wǎng)電價和補貼政策最為重要。 本文基于可再生能源發(fā)電并網(wǎng)的外部性問題,結(jié)合各國政府對可再生能源發(fā)電并網(wǎng)中制定實施的各類電價機制政策,對電價形成機制進行理論探討,并構(gòu)建檢驗模型,對這種以補貼為實質(zhì)內(nèi)容的電價形成機制的有效性進行檢驗。首先,從外部性理論、外部性定性分析方面,對可再生能源發(fā)電并網(wǎng)外部性進行評價；在此基礎上,結(jié)合各國政府為彌補可再生能源發(fā)電并網(wǎng)外部性、促進其并網(wǎng)而制定的各類電價機制政策,以風電為例,對可再生能源電價形成機制進行理論分析探討；第三,從電價形成機制的執(zhí)行效果和執(zhí)行效率兩方面考慮,選取協(xié)整分析法作為有效性檢驗的方法,對我國風電電價形成機制的有效性進行檢驗。結(jié)果表明：補貼為主要支撐的風電電價機制達到了促進風電發(fā)展的目標,且執(zhí)行的效果是顯著的。從2002年開始實施的我國風電電價補貼對于提高風電發(fā)電量在總發(fā)電量中份額有較大作用,即我國發(fā)電電源結(jié)構(gòu)有所改變。 盡管電價機制在達成目標上發(fā)揮了很大作用,在一定程度上取得了量上的增長,但是長此以往需要政府投入很大,因此在機制執(zhí)行效率方面還有待通過技術進步、完善電價形成機制模型來提高。最后,本文通過參考可再生能源發(fā)展經(jīng)驗豐富、成果顯著的德國電價機制,將可再生能源保護電價期限及年下降比例考慮進去,參考國內(nèi)外輸配電價管制模型,提出我國可再生能源電價優(yōu)化模型。最后,提出完善我國可再生能源電價形成機制的建議和措施。
[Abstract]:Electric power industry is an important basic industry in the development of national economy, which undertakes the duty of providing stable and reliable power security for users. At the same time, power industry is the key user of energy consumption and pollutant emission.Increasing the proportion of renewable energy generation is the key to improve the power supply structure to realize energy saving and emission reduction in power industry. However, due to its own characteristics and immature power generation technology, renewable energy has a high cost.In the process of grid connection, the externality problems seriously restrict the healthy and orderly development of renewable energy power generation industry.In order to promote the grid connection of renewable energy, governments all over the world have formulated and implemented all kinds of policies, among which electricity price and subsidy policy of renewable energy are the most important.In this paper, based on the externality of renewable energy generation, combined with the policies of various kinds of electricity pricing mechanism made by governments, the formation mechanism of electricity price is discussed theoretically, and the test model is constructed.The effectiveness of the electricity price formation mechanism based on subsidies is tested.First of all, from the perspective of externality theory and qualitative analysis, this paper evaluates the externality of renewable energy power generation, based on which, in order to make up for the externality of renewable energy generation,Taking wind power as an example, the formation mechanism of electricity price for renewable energy is theoretically analyzed and discussed. Thirdly, considering the effect and efficiency of electricity price formation mechanism,The cointegration analysis method is selected to test the validity of wind power price formation mechanism in China.The results show that the price mechanism of wind power with subsidies as the main support has achieved the goal of promoting wind power development and the effect of implementation is remarkable.Since 2002, the price subsidy of wind power in China has played an important role in increasing the share of wind power generation in the total electricity generation, that is to say, the structure of the power supply in China has been changed.Although the electricity price mechanism has played a great role in achieving its objectives and achieved some quantitative growth, it will require a great deal of government investment in the long run, and technical progress has yet to be adopted in terms of the efficiency of the implementation of the mechanism.Improve the electricity price formation mechanism model to improve.Finally, by referring to the German electricity price mechanism, which has rich experience in the development of renewable energy, this paper takes into account the duration of the renewable energy protection price and the proportion of annual decline, and refers to the domestic and foreign electricity transmission and distribution price control model.The electricity price optimization model of renewable energy in China is proposed.Finally, suggestions and measures are put forward to improve the mechanism of electricity price formation for renewable energy in China.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.61;F726

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